RESUMO
Excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) is a common sleep disturbance in Parkinson's disease (PD), and the prevalence of EDS in PD patients is obviously higher than that in the normal population. EDS not only seriously influences the quality of life of PD patients but also increases the risk of accidents while driving and the risk of falling, therefore, timely recognition and intervention of EDS are of great importance. In order to deepen the understanding of EDS, this review will summarize the recent advance in epidemiology, etiology and pathogenesis, clinical significance, neuroimaging, clinical assessment, and clinical management of EDS.
RESUMO
CAPOS syndrome,manifested as cerebellar ataxia,areflexia,pes cavus,optic atrophy,and sensorineural deafiness,is one of the ATP1A3 gene-related disorders with an autosomal dominant inheritance pattern.The specific pathogenesis of the disease is currently unclear and the clinical manifestations are complicated.This review will provide an overview of CAPOS syndrome in the aspect of pathogenesis,clinical manifestations,diagnosis,differential diagnosis and treatment.