RESUMO
To improve physical examination skills of medical students, our original system of specialty-based physical examination (SBPE) was introduced into the diagnostic medical practice for 4th-year students. SBPE consisted of clinical practice and tests of every part of the physical examination which were administered and judged by each specialist, thereby greatly reducing the doctors' burden compared with a nonspecialist system. Because of the difficulty of preparing enough simulated or standardized patients, the medical interview was omitted from the system. Instead, the medical interview was directed stepwise according to a separate curriculum. Thus, these characteristics made SBPE much more practical to introduce. Results with this SBPE and those with a previous non-SBPE system were compared; the SBPE succeeded in reducing the number of “poor” grades and increasing the number of “good” grades on the test. These results demonstrate that SBPE is clinically efficacious because specialists could make an accurate evaluation and because the introduction of SBPE strongly motivated students.
RESUMO
Tutorials were introduced to the 1st-year curriculum of Kanazawa Medical University in 1994. The aim of this educational program was to help our students develop, (1) a scientific way of thinking, (2) the ability to identify and solve problems, (3) a positive attitude toward study, and (4) the ability to make logical presentations. The tutorials succeeded in teaching our students methods of self-learning and group-learning. Furthermore, results of the evaluation of each student by this tutorial was comparable with those of the term-end evaluation, which is supposed to reflect the general ability of students.