Systematic review and Meta-analysis of efficacy and safety of Shufeng Jiedu Capsules in treatment of influenza / 中国中药杂志

This study aims to systematically review the efficacy and safety of Shufeng Jiedu Capsules in the treatment of influenza. The randomized controlled trial(RCT) of Shufeng Jiedu Capsules alone or in combination with conventional western medicine for treating influenza were retrieved from PubMed, EMbase, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, SinoMed, CNKI, VIP, Wanfang, and ClinicalTrails.gov. The data analysis was performed in RevMan 5.4.1. The Cochrane risk of bias assessment tool was used to evaluate the quality of the involved RCT, and GRADEpro GDT to assess the quality of the evidence. A total of 11 RCTs involving 1 836 patients were included in this study. Compared with conventional western medicine, Shufeng Jiedu Capsules/Shufeng Jiedu Capsules + conventional western medicine improved the response rate(RR=1.09, 95%CI[1.03, 1.15], P=0.002), shortened the time to relief of cough, and increased the 3-day sore throat relief rate, whereas there was no significant difference in the time to fever abatement, the time to relief of sore throat, 3-day cough relief rate, or 3-day runny nose relief rate. Subgroup-analysis showed that Shufeng Jiedu Capsules + conventional western medicine improved the response rate(RR=1.11, 95%CI[1.08, 1.15], P<0.000 01), shortened the time to relief of cough, and increased the 3-day relief rate of symptoms(cough, sore throat, and runny nose) compared with conventional western medicine alone, while there was no significant difference in the time to fever abatement or the time to relief of sore throat. Shufeng Jiedu Capsules alone could not improve the response rate(RR=0.97, 95%CI[0.93, 1.02], P=0.19). In addition, Shufeng Jiedu Capsules/Shufeng Jiedu Capsules + conventional western medicine vs conventional western medicine were no significant difference in adverse reactions(RR=0.98, 95%CI[0.57, 1.69], P=0.95). The available evidence suggests that Shufeng Jiedu Capsules is effective and safe in the treatment of influenza, and the combination of Shufeng Jiedu Capsules with conventional western medicine can accelerate the relief of symptoms. However, since the number and quality of the included studies were low, the above findings remained to be further verified by multicenter RCT with large sample sizes.

Correlation Analysis of Molecularly-Defined Cortical Interneuron Populations with Morpho-Electric Properties in Layer V of Mouse Neocortex / 神经科学通报·英文版

Cortical interneurons can be categorized into distinct populations based on multiple modalities, including molecular signatures and morpho-electrical (M/E) properties. Recently, many transcriptomic signatures based on single-cell RNA-seq have been identified in cortical interneurons. However, whether different interneuron populations defined by transcriptomic signature expressions correspond to distinct M/E subtypes is still unknown. Here, we applied the Patch-PCR approach to simultaneously obtain the M/E properties and messenger RNA (mRNA) expression of >600 interneurons in layer V of the mouse somatosensory cortex (S1). Subsequently, we identified 11 M/E subtypes, 9 neurochemical cell populations (NCs), and 20 transcriptomic cell populations (TCs) in this cortical lamina. Further analysis revealed that cells in many NCs and TCs comprised several M/E types and were difficult to clearly distinguish morpho-electrically. A similar analysis of layer V interneurons of mouse primary visual cortex (V1) and motor cortex (M1) gave results largely comparable to S1. Comparison between S1, V1, and M1 suggested that, compared to V1, S1 interneurons were morpho-electrically more similar to M1. Our study reveals the presence of substantial M/E variations in cortical interneuron populations defined by molecular expression.

Research Progress in the Application of Ultrasound-Guided Robot in Minimally Invasive Surgery / 中国医学科学院学报

With the continuous advances in modern medical technology and equipment,minimally invasive surgery (MIS) is widely applied in clinical practice.Ultrasound (US) as a real-time,portable,and radiation-free medical imaging method can be used for the intraoperative guidance in MIS to ensure safe and effective surgery.However,the physical characteristics of conventional US fail to display some tissue structures of the human body due to the existence of gas and bone.US-based navigation can make up for the deficiencies by advanced imaging technologies including spatial orientation,image reconstruction,and multi-modality image fusion,being real-time,accurate,and radiation-free.Therefore,US-guided robots can achieve safe,effective,and minimally invasive operation in MIS.This paper reviews the studies of US-guided robots in MIS and prospects the development of this field.

Analysis on the influencing factors for re-positive nucleic acid test result in discharged COVID-19 patients in Chengdu / 中国胸心血管外科临床杂志

@#Objective    To analyze the influencing factors for re-positive nucleic acid test in discharged corona-virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients in Chengdu, Sichuan Province, and to provide data support for the epidemics prevention and control. Methods    The clinical data of 660 discharged COVID-19 patients from January 23, 2020 to February 28, 2021 in our center were retrospectively analyzed. The patients were divided into two groups according to the reexamination of virus nucleic acid, including a negative group [549 patients, including 428 males and 121 females with a median age of 33.0 (28.0, 48.0) years] and a positive group [111 patients, including 76 males and 35 females with a median age of 39.0 (28.0, 51.0) years]. The clinical data of the two groups were compared. Results     The re-positive rate of the discharged patients was 16.82%. Univariate analysis showed that the re-positive rate of females was higher than that of males (χ2=4.608, P=0.032). The re-positive rate of confirmed patients was higher than that of asymptomatic infected patients (χ2=8.140, P=0.004). The re-positive rate of domestic patients was higher than that of imported patients (χ2=9.178, P=0.002). The counts of CD3+ (P=0.038), CD4+ (P=0.048) and CD8+ (P=0.040) T lymphocytes in the negative group were higher than those in the positive group. The binary logistic regression analysis showed that the clinical classification and CD8+ T lymphocyte count were independent risk factors affecting the recurrence of virility. Conclusion    The gender, origin, T lymphocyte subsets count and clinical type are the influencing factors for re-positive result, and clinical type and CD8+ T lymphocyte count are the independent influencing factors for re-positive result. Therefore, improving the immunity of infected patients, as well as early detection and timely treatment are effective means to reduce the re-positive occurrence.

A multicenter study of brain T 2WI lesions radiomics machine learning models distinguishing multiple sclerosis and neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder / 中华放射学杂志

Objective:To investigate the efficacy of a machine learning model based on radiomics of brain lesions on T 2WI in differentiating multiple sclerosis (MS) from neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSD). Methods:Totally 223 MS and NMOSD patients who were treated from January 2009 to September 2018 in Beijing Tiantan Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University, Donghu Branch of the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, and Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University were analyzed retrospectively, and according to the proportion of 7∶3, 223 patients were completely randomly divided into training set (156 cases) and test set (67 cases). A total of 74 patients with MS and NMOSD who were treated in Huashan Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University and China-Japan Friendship Hospital of Jilin University from January 2009 to September 2018 and in Xianghu Branch of the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University from March 2020 to September 2021 were collected as an independent external validation set. All patients underwent brain cross-sectional MR T 2WI, radiomics features were extracted from T 2WI, and features were selected by max-relevance and min-redundancy and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator algorithms. Then various machine learning classifier models (logistic regression, decision tree, AdaBoost, random forest or support vector machine) were constructed to differentiate MS from NMOSD. The area under curve (AUC) of receiver operating characteristics was used to evaluate the performance of each classifier model in the training set, test set and external validation set. Results:Based on multi-center T 2WI, a total of 11 radiomics features related to the discrimination between MS and NMOSD were extracted and classifier models were constructed. Among them, the random forest model had the best efficiency in distinguishing MS from NMOSD, and its AUC values for distinguishing MS from NMOSD in the training set, test set and external validation set were 1.000, 0.944 and 0.902, with specificity of 100%, 76.9% and 86.0%, and sensitivity of 100%, 92.1% and 79.7%, respectively. Conclusion:The random forest model based on the radiomic features of T 2WI of brain lesions can effectively distinguish MS from NMOSD.

Treatment of COVID-19 with COVID-19-human immunoglobulin: A case report / 中国胸心血管外科临床杂志

@#At present, there has been no report in China that novel coronavirus specific immune globulin has been used to treat coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Recently, we had successfully treated one COVID-19 patient with intravenous injection of human immunoglobulin (COVID-19-IVIG). The female patient, aged 57 years, had clinical diagnosis: (1) COVID-19, common type; (2) postoperative colon cancer; (3) leukopenia; (4) low cellular immunity. 75 mL COVID-19 human immunoglobulin (Sinoptic Wuhan Blood Products Co., Ltd.) was intravenously injected twice. The patient was hospitalized for 49 days and had a good prognosis.

Review of the brain areas activated in fMRI after escitalopram antidepressant treatment inpatients with major depressive disorder / 四川精神卫生

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the altered brain areas activated in functional magnetic resonance imaging before and after escitalopram antidepressant treatment in patients with major depressive disorder. Functional magnetic resonance studies showed abnormal activity in brain regions such as prefrontal cortex， cingulate cortex and striatum in patients prior to treatment， meantime， the abnormal activation of anterior cingulate， dorsolateral prefrontal and thalamus reflected the outcomes of escitalopram antidepressant therapy. Following the treatment with escitalopram， the fMRI activation of brain areas returned to normal， and those changes were significantly correlated with the improvement of depressive symptoms. So this paper provides a review of the brain functional activity changes in patients with major depressive disorder before treatment and at different time point of medication， as well as the correlation between altered brain functional activity and clinical symptoms.

Effect of chicoric acid on oxidative stress during myocardial injury in sepsis rats and relationship with Nrf2 signaling pathway / 中华麻醉学杂志

Objective:To evaluate the effect of chicoric acid on oxidative stress during myocardial injury in sepsis rats and the relationship with nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) signaling pathway.Methods:Forty healthy male Sprague-Dawley rats, aged 8-12 weeks, weighing 220-250 g, were divided into 5 groups ( n=8 each) using a random number table method: control group (group C), lipopolysaccharide (LPS) group (group LPS), LPS+ chicoric acid group (group LPS+ CA), LPS+ Nrf2 inhibitor ML385 group (group LPS+ ML) and LPS+ chicoric acid+ ML385 group (group LPS+ CA+ ML). LPS 15 mg/kg was intraperitoneally injected to induce sepsis.Immediately after intraperitoneal injection of LPS, chicoric acid 10 mg/kg or ML385 15 mg/kg (in dimethyl sulfoxide) was intraperitoneally injected in group LPS+ CA and group LPS+ ML, respectively, and ML385 15 mg/kg and chicoric acid 10 mg/kg were intraperitoneally injected in LPS+ CA+ ML group.The equal volume of dimethyl sulfoxide was given instead in group C. At 48 h after establishment of the model, blood samples were collected from the aorta for measurement of concentration of serum interleukin-6 (IL-6) and the activities of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and creatine kinase isoenzyme (CK-MB) (by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay). The animals were then sacrificed, and myocardial tissues were obtained for microscopic examination of pathological changes (by HE staining), for determination of activities of glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) and contents of reactive oxygen species(ROS) and iron (by colorimetry), for calculation of the ratio of oxidized nicotinamide adenine 2 nucleotides to reduced nicotinamide adenine 2 nucleotides (NAD + /NADH), and for detection of the expression of Nrf2, NADPH quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1), glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase 1 (NOX1) (by Western blot). Results:Compared with C group, the activities of serum LDH and CK-MB and concentration of IL-6 were significantly increased, the contents of ROS and iron and the ratio of NAD + /NADH were increased, activities of GSH-Px and SOD were decreased, expression of Nrf2, NQO1 and GPX4 was down-regulated, and NOX1 expression was up-regulated in the other four groups ( P<0.05). Compared with group LPS, the activities of serum LDH and CK-MB and concentration of IL-6 were significantly decreased, the contents of ROS and iron and the ratio of NAD + /NADH were decreased, activities of GSH-Px and SOD were increased, expression of Nrf2, NQO1 and GPX4 was up-regulated, NOX1 expression was down-regulated ( P<0.05), and the pathological changes of cardiomyocytes were significantly reduced in group LPS+ CA, and the activities of serum LDH and CK-MB and concentration of IL-6 were significantly increased, the ratio of NAD + /NADH were increased, activities of GSH-Px and SOD were decreased, expression of Nrf2, NQO1 and GPX4 was down-regulated, NOX1 expression was up-regulated ( P<0.05), and the pathological changes of cardiomyocytes were accentuated in group LPS+ ML.Compared with group LPS+ CA, the activities of serum LDH and CK-MB and concentration of IL-6 were significantly increased, the contents of ROS and iron and the ratio of NAD + /NADH were increased, activities of GSH-Px and SOD were decreased, expression of Nrf2, NQO1 and GPX4 was down-regulated, NOX1 expression was up-regulated ( P<0.05), and the pathological changes of cardiomyocytes were accentuated in group LPS+ CA+ ML. Conclusion:The mechanism by which chicoric acid reduces myocardial injury in sepsis rats may be related to activating Nrf2 signaling pathway and inhibiting oxidative stress.

Clinical characteristics of overseas imported and related local COVID-19 patients in Chengdu / 中国胸心血管外科临床杂志

@#Objective    To study the clinical characteristics of overseas imported and related local COVID-19 patients in Chengdu. Methods    Fifty overseas imported patients who were Chinese and 14 related local patients with COVID-19 who were admitted to Public Health Clinical Center of Chengdu from November to December 2020 were selected. The epidemiological characteristics, clinical manifestations, auxiliary examination, treatment and prognosis were summarized and analyzed. Results    The local group were older, and they were mostly elderly and females (P≤0.05). Compared with the imported group, the proportion of the local group was higher in heart disease and tumor. More patients had cough, fever and expectoration symptoms (P≤0.05). C-reactive protein, fasting blood glucose and fibrinogen were higher, and the lymphocyte count, blood platelet count, CD3+ T lymphocyte count, CD4+ T lymphocyte count, CD8+ T lymphocyte count were lower. The positive rate of novel coronavirus total antibody, IgG antibody and IgM antibody in the imported group were higher than those in the local group (P≤0.05). The negative conversion time of the median nucleic acid was shorter than that of local patients (P≤0.05). Conclusion    There are differences in sex ratio, age, complications, clinical manifestations, lymphocyte measurement value, T lymphocyte count and negative conversion time of nucleic acid between overseas imported and local COVID-19 patients in Chengdu. The local patients are mostly elderly and have more complicated conditions, but all of them have good prognosis.

Mindfulness-based therapy combined with risperidone treatment for emotional disorder in schizophrenic patients during the recovery period / 中国基层医药

Objective:To investigate the clinical effect of mindfulness-based therapy combined with risperidone treatment on emotional disorder in schizophrenic patients during the recovery period.Methods:A total of 106 schizophrenic patients during the recovery period who received treatment from March 2017 to February 2019 in The Second Hospital of Jinhua,China were included in this study.They were randomly assigned to undergo mindfulness-based therapy combined with risperidone treatment alone (study group, n = 53) or risperidone treatment (control group, n = 53).The Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) score and Scale of Social Function in Psychosis Inpatients (SSPI) score were compared between study and control groups before and after treatment. Results:Before treatment,there were no significant differences in PANSS total score,negative scale score,positive scale score,general psychopathology scale score between study and control groups (all P > 0.05).After treatment,negative scale score,positive scale score,general psychopathology scale score and PANSS total score in the study group were (11.54 ± 1.63) points,(11.56 ± 1.61) points,(21.71 ± 1.85) points,(44.66 ± 3.01) points respectively,and they were (15.31 ± 1.91) points,(15.29 ± 1.89) points,(23.51 ± 2.11) points,(52.06 ± 3.32) points,respectively in the control group.After treatment,negative scale score,positive scale score,general psychopathology scale score and PANSS total score in each group were significantly lower than those before treatment (study group: t = 10.352,10.337,8.419,15.630; control group: t = 2.607,2.601,4.534,7.131,all P < 0.05).After treatment,negative scale score,positive scale score,general psychopathology scale score and PANSS total score in the study group were significantly lower than those in the control group ( t = 10.930,10.937,4.670,12.022,all P < 0.05).Before treatment,there were no significant differences in scores of activities of daily living,social skills and initiative and communication between the two groups (all P > 0.05). After treatment,scores of social skills,activities of daily living and initiative and communication in the study group were (12.88 ± 1.62) points,(10.58 ± 1.54) points,(13.14 ± 1.97) points respectively,and they were (11.92 ± 1.56) points,(9.01 ± 1.43) points,and (11.46 ± 1.69) points respectively in the control group.After treatment,scores of social skills,activities of daily living and initiative and communication in each group were significantly higher than those before treatment (study group: t = 6.783,5.475,4.430; control group: t = 3.956,2.263,2.009,all P < 0.05).After treatment,scores of social skills,activities of daily living and initiative and communication in the study group were significantly higher than those in the control group ( t = 3.108,5.439,4.712,all P < 0.05). Conclusion:Mindfulness-based therapy combined with risperidone treatment for emotional disorder in schizophrenic patients during the recovery period can effectively improve the emotional disorder,reduce the schizophrenia symptoms,and improve the social function of patients.

Clinical analysis of 379 patients of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Chengdu / 中国胸心血管外科临床杂志

@#Objective    To analyze the clinical features and prognosis of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients. Methods    A total of 379 confirmed COVID-19 patients admitted to Public Health Clinical Center of Chengdu from January 16 to November 30, 2020 were divided into two groups including an elderly group (42 patients, ≥60 years) and a non-elderly group (337 patients, <60 years) by age. The epidemiology, clinical features, laboratory tests, treatment and prognosis of the two groups were compared. Results    Among the 379 patients, 286 (75.5%) were males and 93 (24.5%) were females, aged from 2 months to 87 years, with an average age of 41.2 years. The average age of the elderly group was 69.5 years, and 61.9% of them were females. They were imported from Wuhan or local secondary patients (73.8%), mainly common or critical type (88.1%). While, the average age of the non-elderly group was 37.8 years, and males were more common (80.1%). There were mostly from foreign input (75.7%), mainly mild or ordinary type (95.0%). A total of 179 patients (47.2%) had one or more underlying diseases. Hypertension (15 patients, 35.7%) and diabetes (11 patients, 26.2%) were more common in the elderly group, while non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (132 patients, 39.2%) was more frequent in the non-elderly group. The most common clinical manifestations were fever (138 patients, 36.4%) and cough (129 patients, 34.0%). Fever, cough, dyspnea, and fatigue were more common in the elderly group than those in the non-elderly group (P<0.05). Compared with the non-elderly group, the elderly group had lower total lymphocyte count, CD4+ and CD8+ T-cell count, higher level of myocardial injury or inflammation markers (P<0.05). Abnormal echocardiography in 139 patients (36.7%) was mainly caused by decreased left ventricular diastolic function (22.7%) and heart valve regurgitation (14.0%), and the rate in the elderly group was significantly higher than that in the non-elderly group (85.7% vs. 30.6%, P<0.05). After treatment, 3 patients in the elderly group died, and the others were cured and discharged. The hospitalization duration of the elderly group was longer than that of the non-elderly group (22.1 d vs. 18.8 d, P=0.033). Conclusions    Elderly COVID-19 patients are mainly imported from Wuhan or secondary to the local population, mainly common or critical type, often associated with basic diseases such as hypertension or diabetes. While, non-elderly COVID-19 patients are mainly imported from abroad, mainly mild or common type, often associated with non-alcoholic steatohepatitis. After treatment, most of the patients have a good prognosis.

Long-term outcomes of percutaneous coronary intervention for in-stent chronic total occlusion / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

BACKGROUND@#The development of the technique has improved the success rate of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) for in-stent chronic total occlusion (IS-CTO). However, long-term outcomes remain unclear. The present study sought to investigate long-term outcomes of PCI for IS-CTO.@*METHODS@#A total of 474 IS-CTO patients were enrolled at two cardiac centers from 2015 to 2018 retrospectively. These patients were allocated into either successful or failed IS-CTO PCI groups. The primary endpoint (major adverse cardiac events [MACE]) consisted of recurrent angina pectoris (RAP), target-vessel myocardial infarction (MI), heart failure, cardiac death, or ischemia-driven target-vessel revascularization (TVR) at follow-up. Multivariable Cox regression analysis was used to investigate the association between treatment appropriateness and clinical outcomes.@*RESULTS@#A total of 367 patients were successfully treated with IS-CTO PCI while 107 patients had failed recanalization. After a median follow-up of 30 months (interquartile range: 17-42 months), no significant difference was observed between the two groups for the following parameters: cardiac death (successful PCI vs. failed PCI: 0.9% vs. 2.7%; adjusted hazard ratio [HR]: 1.442; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.21-9.887; P = 0.709), RAP (successful PCI vs. failed PCI: 40.8% vs. 40.0%; adjusted HR: 1.025; 95% CI: 0.683-1.538; P = 0.905), heart failure (successful PCI vs. failed PCI: 6.1% vs. 2.7%; adjusted HR: 0.281; 95% CI: 0.065-1.206; P = 0.088), target-vessel related MI (successful PCI vs. failed PCI: 1.5% vs. 2.7%; adjusted HR: 1.150; 95% CI: 0.221-5.995; P = 0.868), MACE (successful PCI vs. failed PCI: 44.2% vs. 45.3%; adjusted HR: 1.052; 95% CI: 0.717-1.543; P = 0.797). More patients were free of angina in the successful IS-CTO PCI group compared with failed PCI in the first (80.4% vs. 60%, P 18 months of dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) was an independent predictor of decreased risk of TVR (HR: 2.682; 95% CI: 1.295-5.578; P = 0.008) or MACE (without TVR) (HR: 1.898; 95% CI: 1.036-3.479; P = 0.038) in successful IS-CTO PCI.@*CONCLUSIONS@#After a median follow-up of 30 months, the successful IS-CTO PCI group had MACE similar to that of the failed PCI group. However, the successful IS-CTO PCI group had improved angina symptoms and were free from requiring coronary artery bypass grafting in the first or second years. To decrease MACE, DAPT was found to be essential and recommended for at least 18 months for IS-CTO PCI.

Polygraph Accuracy of Control Question Test in Criminal Cases / 法医学杂志

Objective To explore polygraph accuracy of Control Question Test （CQT）and whether it could be influenced by examinee's education level and type of violation of law. Methods Real cases of CQT （n=104） and the data from MAO （n=296） were collected. The polygraph accuracy of CQT was calculated. Variance analysis on three groups of different education levels was used to compare their age, and then the chi-square test was employed to compare polygraph accuracy among the groups. Independent sample t test was used to compare the age of subjects in the two groups of different types of violation of law, and then chi-square test was used to compare the true positive rate and true negative rate of lie detection after integration. Results In CQT lie detection of criminal cases, the true positive rate was 87.00%, the false negative rate was 13.00%, the true negative rate was 82.20%, and the false positive rate was 17.80%. There was no statistical significance in the differences between the true positive rate and the true negative rate （P>0.05）. In CQT lie detection of the groups of different education levels, there was no statistical significance in the differences between the true positive rates （P>0.05） while the differences between the true negative rates had statistical significance （P<0.05）. There was no statistical significance in the differences of both the true positive rates and the true negative rates between the violent violation of law and non-violent violation of law （P>0.05）. Conclusion There is no significant difference between the efficiency of CQT lie detection of identifying criminals and excluding innocents. However, a comparatively high false positive rate and false negative rate still exist. The efficiency of CQT lie detection identifying criminals may not influenced by the examinee's education level and type of violation of law, but its efficiency of excluding innocents may be influenced by the examinee's education level.

CT and MRI findings of littoral cell angioma of spleen / 中华放射学杂志

Objective To determine the value of CT and MRI in the evaluation of littoral cell angioma(LCA) of spleen.Methods Two experienced radiologists retrospectively analyzed the clinical data,CT and MRI findings of 12 patients with pathology proven LCA of spleen.The patients underwent noncontrast enhanced CT scan,then enhanced CT (n =10) and MRI (n =3) were performed.Results The majority of patients (8/12) showed splenomegaly,with no obvious signs and symptoms of hypersplenism.The majority of patients (10/12) had the uncountable hypodense lesions,a few (2/12) had only a single lesion.None of the lesions contained any calcification or envelopement.On CT,the majority (7/10) of the lesions demonstrated well circumscribed border,with some lesions (3/10) demonstrating a less distinct border.The enhanced scan for low-density nodules demonstrated slow progressive enhancement.On MRI,all the LAC had well circumscribed borders,and demonstrated T1-hypointense and T2-hyperintense signalswith punctual hypointense in the T2 WI,and progressive enhancement on the post contrast images.DWI showed an increased diffusion of the lesions compared to the normal appearing splenic tissue.Conclusion CT and MR imaging of littoral cell angioma of spleen has certain imaging characteristics,those particular findings may potentially aid in the diagnosis.

Multimodality imaging assessments of response to metformin therapy for breast cancer in nude mice / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>Metformin is the most widely used anti-diabetic drug in the world. An increasing body of evidence shows metformin also blocks cell cycle progression and selectively induces apoptosis via caspase activation in some breast tumor cells. Diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) and bioluminescence imaging (BLI) have great potential in the evaluation of the early response to cancer therapies. We used DWI and BLI in evaluating the response of breast cancer to metformin.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The luciferase-engineered human breast cancer cell line MDA-MB-231 was inoculated into the mammary fat pad of nude mice. Twelve female nude mice bearing tumors were divided into two groups. The mice in the treatment group received metformin (2 mg/ml in drinking water daily) after tumor inoculation, and the mice in the control group were offered drinking water without any drug added. We performed 7T magnetic resonance imaging and optical imaging every week. Imaging included T1- and T2-weighted imaging, DWI, and BLI. After imaging. The tumors were collected and subjected to histological analysis.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The mean photons/second of tumors in the treatment group was (3.00 ± 0.43)× 10(6) at day one, (1.01 ± 0.14)× 10(7) at 2 weeks, (5.79 ± 1.42)× 10(7) at 4 weeks, and (2.33 ± 0.70)× 10(7) at 8 weeks. The mean photons/second of tumors in the control group was (3.29 ± 0.59)× 10(6) at day one, (3.59 ± 0.63)× 10(7) at 2 weeks, (3.87 ± 0.56)× 10(8) at 4 weeks, and (4.12 ± 1.72)× 10(8) at 8 weeks. Compared to the control group, the treatment group showed an obvious decrease in the mean bioluminescence (photons/s) of the tumors and fewer metastases. Histological examination confirmed the presence of fewer metastases. DWI showed the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) value of the tumors; the mean ADC value was (0.9287 ± 0.04346)× 10(-3) mm(2)/s in the treated tumors and (0.7553 ± 0.01804)× 10(-3) mm(2)/s in the untreated tumors. The ADC value of tumors in the treatment group was significantly higher than the control tumors (P = 0.0013).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The growth and metastasis of MDA-MB-231 breast cancer may be inhibited by metformin. DWI and BLI have great potentials in the evaluation of the early response to metformin treatment. BLI has a high degree of sensitivity and is able to detect micrometastasis, thus can be used for identifying tumor metastasis in vivo.</p>

A preliminary study on the key factors contributing to the attractive lips of Chinese children

OBJECTIVE@#To explore the aesthetic characteristics of the Chinese children lips.@*METHODS@#Frontal and profile photographs of 653 healthy children were categorized as the attractive and the unattractive by three laypersons and objectively measured for comparison.@*RESULTS@#The attractive group tended to be smaller in the upper paramedian red lip height, the lower paramedian red lip height, the midline upper red lip height, the central bow angle, and the lip angle, while greater in the Cupid's bow width.@*CONCLUSIONS@#Thinner lips seemed to be more attractive than full ones among Chinese children.

Effects of rhubarb on the intestinal barrier function of patients with acute myocardial infarction-heart / 中国中西医结合杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To clarify the intestinal barrier function (IBF) state of patients with acute myocardial infarction-heart failure (AMI-HF), and to compare the therapeutic effects of rhubarb and Pantoprazole (proton pump inhibitor).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Enrolled were 107 AMI patients from ICU, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology from May 2008 to April 2010. Of them, 47 AMI patients without HF were recruited as the control group, while 60 AMI-HF patients were randomly assigned to the rhubarb group (30 cases, treated by rhubarb + Pantoprazole) or the Pantoprazole group (30 cases, treated by Pantoprazole + routine treatment). All patients were treated till the 14th day of the onset. The fecal occult blood (FOB) test was performed daily. The occurrence of the digestive tract hemorrhage on the 14th day after onset was compared. The N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP), serum D-lactic acid, plasma glutamine (Gln), endotoxin and cytokines [high sensitive C reaction protein (hsCRP), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), interleukin-10 (IL-10)], and heart function were compared among the three groups before and after treatment.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>There was no statistical difference in the case number of using aspirin, clopidogel, low molecular weight heparin, ACEI/ARB, statins, insulin, and antibiotics among the 3 groups. The case number of using beta-blocker was obviously lower in the two medication groups than in the control group (P < 0.05). The case number of using diuretics was obviously higher in the two medication groups than in the control group (P < 0.05). There was no statistical difference in the incidence of digestive tract hemorrhage (P = 0.413). Compared with the control group before treatment, Gln and ejection fraction (EF) were both lowered, NT-proBNP, D-lactic acid, endotoxin, hsCRP, TNF-alpha, and IL-10 increased in the two medication groups (P < 0.01). There was no statistical difference in each index between the two medication groups (P > 0.05). Compared with before treatment, NT-proBNP, D-lactic acid, endotoxin, hsCRP, TNF-alpha, and IL-10 decreased in the Pantoprazole group (P < 0.01), and no obvious change in Gin or EF was found (P > 0.05). Gin and EF increased in the rhubarb group after treatment, and they were higher than those of the control group. Blood NT-proBNP, D-lactic acid, endotoxin, hsCRP, TNF-alpha, and IL-10 decreased in the rhubarb group after treatment, showing statistical difference when compared with the control group (P < 0.01, P < 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Impaired IBF and endotoxemia existed in AMI-HF patients. Rhubarb not only could prevent the digestive tract hemorrhage, but also could reduce endotoxemia, inhibit inflammatory reactions, and improve the heart function through ameliorating the IBF.</p>

PDGF-induced proliferation of smooth muscular cells is related to the regulation of CREB phosphorylation and Nur77 expression / 华中科技大学学报（医学）（英德文版）

This study examined the relationship between PDGF-induced proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) and Nur77 expression and the effect of atorvastatin on VSMC proliferation and Nur77 in PDGF-treated VSMCs. Rat VSMCs were isolated and cultured. After incubation with atorvastatin or Nur77 siRNA, the cells were stimulated with PDGF and detected for BrdU incorporation to measure the proliferation of the VSMCs. Quantitative PCR and Western blotting were used to determine the Nur77 protein and the CREB phosphorylation level, to observe their relations with PDGF-induced VSMC proliferation. Our results showed that PDGF increased the BrdU incorporation in VSMCs, suggesting that it induced the proliferation of the cells. The VSMC proliferation was associated with increased Nur77 expression and elevated CREB phosphorylation. Atorvastatin inhibited the PDGF-induced VSMC proliferation, suppressed Nur77 expression. After silencing of Nur77 gene, the PDGF-induced VSMC proliferation was decreased. It was concluded that PDGF-induced VSMC proliferation was related to the Nur77 expression and CREB phosphorylation. Atorvastatin reduced the Nur77 expression and, at the same time, inhibited the VSMC proliferation.

Impact of SDG on blood glucose and blood lipid concentrates of middle and old aged female patients / 国际中医中药杂志

Objective To investigate the influence of SDG on blood glucose and blood lipid concentrates of middle and old aged patients. Methods The impacts of SDG on blood glucose and blood lipid concentrates in body of patients with hyperglycemia were conducted through an 8-week random and double-blind experiments with controlled group only given placebo. The influence degree of SDG on blood glucose and blood lipid concentrates of the selected patients was analyzed. Results The results showed that serum glucose of the groups received 400mg/d of dietary SDG for 8 weeks or 600 mg/d for 4 weeks decreased significantly compared with the controlled group (P<0.05). Conclusion Giving either 400 mg/d of dietary SDG for 8 weeks or 600 mg/d for 4 weeks to patients could significantly decrease the serum glucose concentrates of them.

Sufentanil reduces emergence agitation in children receiving sevoflurane anesthesia for adenotonsillectomy compared with fentanyl / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>Emergence agitation is a common problem in pediatric anesthesia, especially after sevoflurane induction and maintenance anesthesia. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of sufentanil to reduce emergence agitation after sevoflurane anesthesia in children undergoing adenotonsillectomy compared with fentanyl.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>One hundred and five children, aged 3 - 11 years, were randomly allocated to receive normal saline (control group), sufentanil 0.2 µg/kg (S2) or fentanyl 2 µg/kg (F2) 1 minute after loss of the eyelash reflex. Anesthesia was induced and maintained with sevoflurane. Time to tracheal extubation, recovery time, Paediatric Anesthesia Emergence Delirium (PAED) scale, and emergence behavior were assessed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The incidence of severe agitation was significantly lower in S2 and F2 groups vs. the control group, 4/32 and 15/34 vs. 24/34 respectively, (P = 0.002, 0.009, respectively). PAED scales were significantly different among three groups (P = 0.007), and lower in the S2 and F2 groups than in the control group (P = 0.007 and P = 0.025, respectively). And the incidence of severe agitation and the PAED scale score was significantly different between the S2 and F2 groups (P = 0.007, P = 0.019, respectively). Time to tracheal extubation and recovery time were similar in all three groups.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Administration of sufentanil at 0.2 µg/kg after induction of anesthesia reduced emergence agitation in children receiving sevoflurane anesthesia for adenotonsillectomy compared with fentanyl. This was without delaying the recovery time or causing significant hypotension.</p>