Endovascular repair of complex aortic arch lesion with application of recanalize left subclaivian artery in intracavitary / 中华胸心血管外科杂志

Objective:To investigate the effect of different ways of reconstruction of left subclavian artery (LSA) in the treatment of complex aortic arch lesions.Methods:The clinical data of 34 patients with complex thoracic aortic disease undergoing intracavitary LSA reconstruction in our center from January 2019 to February 2020 were retrospectively analyzed. The distance of proximal healthy landing zone of all patients, including 29 aortic dissections involving LSA, 3 penetrating aortic ulcer and 2 thoracic aortic aneurysms, was less than 15 mm. Among them, 16 cases were treated with chimney technique, 16 cases were implanted with single branched stent-graft, 2 cases were received with left common carotid artery and LSA in situ fenestration.Results:The operation success rate of all 34 patients was 100%. One case was changed from in situ fenestration to chimney stenting. Followed up for 1-12 months, there were no death, cerebral ischemia, paraplegia and other postoperative complications. CTA review showed that the main and branch stents were in good shape, the patency rate of LSA branch stents was 100% and no endoleak occurred at 1 and 3 months after operation. The muscle strength and arterial blood pressure of bilateral upper limbs of all patients were basically the same.Conclusion:There is no consensus for the treatment of complex aortic arch lesions, so we need to customize the personalized plan and select the appropriate LSA reconstruction method in order to reduce the incidence of complications.

Effect of self made artificial blood vessel pre-sewed and wrapped the pericardium on the treatment of Stanford type A aortic dissection / 中国医师进修杂志

Objective:To explore the efficacy of right atrium drainage method in Stanford A aortic dissection by using self made artificial blood vessel pre-sewed and wrapped the pericardium.Methods:The clinical data of 60 Stanford type A aortic dissection patients undergoing Sun′s surgery in the First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China from December 2016 to October 2019 were retrospectively analyzed. Among them, 26 patients were treated with directly wrapped artificial blood vessels for right atrial drainage (group A), and 34 patients were treated with self made artificial blood vessel pre-sewed and wrapped the pericardium (group B). The intraoperative and postoperative conditions were compared between 2 groups.Results:All operations were completed successfully. The extracorporeal circulation time, intraoperative red blood cell dosage, intraoperative plasma dosage and 24 h postoperative drainage volume in group B were significantly lower than those in group A: (174.09 ± 12.11) min vs. (225.23 ± 20.40) min, (5.56 ± 1.16) U vs. (10.50 ± 2.25) U, (650.00 ± 137.62) ml vs. (953.85 ± 221.33) ml and (515.59 ± 89.16) ml vs. (667.88 ± 76.55) ml, and there were statistical differences ( P<0.01); there were no statistical differences in aortic cross-clamping time, deep hypothermic circulatory arrest time, ventilation time, hospital stay, morbidity and mortality between 2 groups ( P>0.05). Conclusions:Self made artificial blood vessel pre-sewed and wrapped the pericardium is used to perform Sun′s operation in Stanford type A aortic dissection patients, which simplifies the operation and further optimizes the internal drainage technology and is beneficial to reduce the intraoperative blood loss and blood consumption and reduce the extracorporeal circulation time, and the effect is accurate.

Clinical effect of thoracic endovascular aortic repair for Stanford type B aortic dissection / 中国医师进修杂志

Objective To summarize the clinical efficacy of thoracic endovascular aortic repair (TEVAR) in the treatment of Stanford type B thoracic aortic dissection. Methods The clinical data of 80 patients with Stanford type B aortic dissection who had underwent TEVAR in cardiac surgery of the First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China from January 2017 to December 2017 were analyzed retrospectively. Among them, there were 56 males and 24 females. The effect of operation and postoperative complications were observed. The diameters of different aortic levels before and after TEVAR were compared in order to understand the aortic remodeling after TEVAR. Results All 80 patients were operated successfully. A total of 87 stents were implanted, of which 2 stents were placed in 7 patients. Four patients died 30 days after operation, 3 of whom were diagnosed as dissection rupture before operation and underwent emergency TEVAR. The cause of death was massive hemorrhage due to re-rupture of dissection. One patient complicated with massive cerebral infarction before operation died of respiratory failure. Six months after operation, CTA showed that the diameter of the aortic true lumen at the level of the left subclavian artery, the maximum diameter of the tumor and the level of the diaphragm significantly increased: (30.1 ± 3.5) mm vs. (24.4 ± 4.2)mm, (33.4 ± 5.1) mm vs. (24.9 ± 6.2) mm,(26.1±4.9) mm vs. (19.3 ± 3.1) mm; all P values＜0.01, and the false lumen significantly decreased: (3.5 ± 1.7) mm vs. (11.2 ± 5.7) mm, (9.1 ± 2.4) mm vs. (18.3 ± 5.9) mm, (6.2 ± 1.3) mm vs. (14.7 ± 5.2) mm, all P values＜0.01. There was no significant difference in the overall diameter of aorta before and after operation (P > 0.05). Conclusions The treatment of Stanford type B aortic dissection with TEVAR has significantly good short-term clinical efficacy, which is less traumatic and quick to recover. However, the long-term efficacy remains to be observed.

Cytobiological effect of micro-arc oxidation coating on 3D-printed titanium alloy scaffold / 中国组织工程研究

BACKGROUND: Micro-arc oxidation (MAO) treatment can improve the biological properties of titanium alloy implants. Previous studies mostly focused on the evaluation of titanium alloy plate, while the effects of the MAO-modified 3D titanium scaffold on the cell growth and differentiation were rarely reported. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of MAO coating on the biological performance of cells seeded onto the 3D-printed porous titanium alloy scaffold. METHODS: Rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells were seeded onto the MAO-modified Ti6Al4V alloy scaffolds (experimental group) and unmodified scaffolds (control group). After 4 and 7 days of culture, cell/scaffold constructs were retrieved and processed for the assessment of cell morphology by using scanning electron microscopy, cytoskeletal staining analysis and cell viability assay were also evaluated. At 4, 7 and 11 days of culture, the levels of alkaline phosphatase and osteocalcin in the cell supernatant were detected. At 1, 4, 7 and 11 days of culture, the cell proliferation rate was measured using the MTT assay. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) At 4 and 7 days of culture, live/dead staining showed that the bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells grew well on the two kinds of scaffolds. The analysis of cytoskeleton staining showed that the cytoskeleton of the experimental group was stereo and polygonal, while the cells on the scaffold surface in the control group were flat and spindle-shaped, spreading along the macro structure of the scaffolds. Under the scanning electron microscopy, the cells in the experimental group arranged closely and spread in a good condition, with interconnected lamellipodia and filopodia that firmly adhered to the scaffold surface in an anchor-shaped structure; in the control group, less filopodia interconnected, less extracellular matrix, and flat and sheet-like cells were observed. (2) With the time increase, the levels of alkaline phosphatase and osteocalcin increased gradually in both groups. The alkaline phosphatase level in the experimental group was significantly higher than that in the control group at 7 and 11 days of culture (P < 0.05), while the osteocalcin level was higher in the experimental group than the control group at 11 days of culture (P < 0.05). (3) With the prolongation of culture time, the number of cells in the two groups increased gradually. The number of cells cultured in the experimental group was significantly higher than that in the control group at 7 and 11 days of culture (P < 0.05). To conclude, the MAO-modified titanium alloy scaffold is favorable for cell adhesion, proliferation and differentiation.

Clinical Effects of High Flow Nasal Cannular Insufflation on Preoxygenation and Extension of Safe Apneic Period / 中山大学学报(医学科学版)

[Objective]To assess the effects of high flow nasal cannular insufflation(HFNCI)on preoxygenation and extension of safe apneic period during tracheal intubation.[Methods]Patients were randomly allocated into facemask(FM),facemask plus HFNCI(FM+HFNCI),HFNCI and HFNCI plus nasopharyngeal airway(HFNCI+NPA) groups. Facemask was adopted in FM and FM+HFNCI groups,while HFNCI was used in HFNCI and HFNCI+NPA groups for preoxygenation. All patients except for those in FM group received HFNCI during tracheal intubation. PaO2, SaO2,HR and MAP were recorded and analyzed.[Results]There was no significant difference in PaO2and SaO2after preoxygenation among groups(P>0.05). During apneic tracheal intubation period,PaO2decreased significantly in FM group while increased in HFNCI+NPA group. The Δ PaO2in FM group(Mean value was -5.4 kPa)was significantly bigger than those in other groups(Mean values in FM+HFNCI,HFNCI,and HFNCI+NPA groups were -0.5,-0.8 and 1.4 kPa,respectively(P < 0.001). All values at the success of tracheal intubation were much above the safe limits.[Conclusion]HFNCI provides effective preoxygenation and may extend safe apneic period in patients with patent airway.

Applied research on new type of lighted surgical aspirator in deep brain hematoma removal / 医疗卫生装备

Objective To explore the application effect of a new lighted surgical aspirator in deep brain hematoma removal operation.Methods Totally 153 patients of non-traumatic basis festival area cerebral hemorrhage were randomly divided into a control group and a treatment group.Both the groups underwent clearance of intracranial hematoma and decompressive craniectomy surgical operation in the operating room,with the common aspirator involved in the control group and the lighted one in the treatment group.Results There was no significant difference between the rates of hematomal removal in the groups (P＞0.05).The treatment group had the operating time less by 59.85 min and the hospital stay decreased by 15.23 d than those in the control group (P＜0.05).The GOS score and daily viability of the treatment group was also statistically higher than those of the control group (P＜0.05),and the effective rate in the treatment group was also more than that in the control group by 24.9％ (P＜0.05).Conclusion The new aspirator solves the problems in visual field and light source,decreases the operating time and improves the disease prognosis.

Transfusion of Plasma Collected at Late Phase after Preconditioning Reduces Myocardial Infarct Size Induced by Ischemia-reperfusion in Rats / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>Plasma transfusion is a common clinical practice. Remote ischemic preconditioning (RIPC) protects organs against ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury. Whether preconditioned plasma (PP), collected at late phase after RIPC, could protect organs against IR injury in vivo is unknown. This study explored whether transfusion of PP could reduce myocardial infarct size (IS) after IR in rat in vivo.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Eighty Lewis rats were randomized to eight groups (n = 10 for each group). Two groups of plasma donor rats donated plasma at 48 h after transient limb ischemia (PP) or control protocol (nonpreconditioned plasma [NPP]). Six groups of recipient rats received normal saline (NS; NS-IR 1, and NS-IR 24 groups), NPP (NPP-IR 1 and NPP-IR 24 groups), or PP (PP-IR 1 and PP-IR 24 groups) at one or 24 h before myocardial IR. Myocardial IR consisted of 30-min left anterior descending (LAD) coronary artery occlusion and 180-min reperfusion. The area at risk (AAR) and infarct area were determined by double-staining with Evans blue and triphenyltetrazolium chloride. IS was calculated by infarct area divided by AAR. This was a 3 × 2 factorial design study, and factorial analysis was used to evaluate the data. If an interaction between the fluid and transfusion time existed, one-way analysis of variance with Bonferroni correction for multiple comparisons was used to analyze the single effects of fluid type when the transfusion time was fixed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>IS in the NPP-IR 1 and PP-IR 1 groups was smaller than in the NS-IR 1 group (F = 6.838, P = 0.005; NPP-IR 1: 57 ± 8% vs. NS-IR1: 68 ± 6%, t = 2.843, P = 0.020; PP-IR 1: 56 ± 8% vs. NS-IR 1: 68 ± 6%, t = 3.102, P = 0.009), but no significant difference was detected between the NPP-IR 1 and PP-IR 1 groups (57 ± 8% vs. 56 ± 8%, t = 0.069, P = 1.000). IS in the NPP-IR 24 and PP-IR 24 groups was smaller than in the NS-IR 24 group (F = 24.796, P< 0.001; NPP-IR 24: 56% ± 7% vs. NS-IR 24: 68 ± 7%, t = 3.102, P = 0.026; PP-IR 24: 40 ± 9% vs. NS-IR 24: 68 ± 7%, t = 7.237, P< 0.001); IS in the PP-IR 24 group was smaller than in the NPP-IR 24 group (40 ± 9% vs. 56 ± 7%, t = 4.135, P = 0.002).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Transfusion of PP collected at late phase after remote ischemic preconditioning could reduce IS, suggesting that late-phase cardioprotection was transferable in vivo.</p>

Measurement Uncertainty in the Content Determination of Paracetamol Tablets by UV / 中国药师

Objective:To evaluate the measurement uncertainty in the determination of paracetamol tablets by UV. Methods:The mathematical model of content determination by UV was established and the uncertainty sources were analyzed. Each active component of uncertainty was calculated, and the expanded uncertainty was obtained. Results:The expanded uncertainty for the UV determination of paracetamol tablets was 1. 2%,and the content determination result was (97. 0 ± 1. 2) % (k=2). Conclusion:The main sources of uncertainty are analyzed, which can provide reliable theoretical basis for the effective control of the method.

Clinical value of urinary potassium measurement in ketamine-associated cystitis / 中华泌尿外科杂志

Objective To investigate the relationship of 24 h urinary potassium (K) measurement and the symptoms change in ketamine-associated cystitis.Methods Forty-three ketamine-associated cystitis patients (29 male cases,14 female cases) were analyzed.The average age was 22 (17-29) years.Thirty-two patients without indwelling urinary catheter were categorized as group A,while the other 11 patients with indwelling urinary catheter were in group B.The therapy regimes consisted of anti-inflammatory,antioxidant,relieving spasm and pain,improving the microcirculation and repairing the bladder epithelium barrier.Thirty healthy adults were selected as the controls.Urinary K,sodium (Na) and creatinine (Cr)were determined in 24 h urine samples from all patients and controls before and after treatments.24 h urinary Cr was used as the internal standard.24 h urinary K and Na concentrations of the patients were calculated as relative to the Cr concentrations.The pelvic pain and urgency/frequency symptom (PUF) was used for evaluation before and after the treatments.The differences of urinary K were compared within each group and between groups before and after treatments.In addition,relationship of urinary K and PUF were assessed.Results Urinary Cr concentrations in all groups were not significantly different (P ＞ 0.05).Patients in group A had lower average K-to-Cr ratios than those patients in group B and controls (A 1.80 ± 0.67 vs.B 6.22±0.92 mmolK/mmol Cr,P=0.0001; A 1.80±0.67 vs.controls 6.47 ±0.97 mmol K/mmol Cr,P =0.0001) before treatments.But the ratios of K-to-Cr in group A were not significantly different with group B and controls after treatments (A 6.23 ± 1.42 vs.B 6.02 ± 0.98 mmol K/mmol Cr,A 6.23 ± 1.42vs.controls 6.47 ±0.97 mmol K/mmol Cr,F =0.698,P =0.472).PUF in both groups was not significantly different before treatments.For group A,PUF was negatively correlated with urinary K before and after treatments (before: r=-0.637,P=0.0001; after: r=-0.427,P=0.015).For group B,PUF had no correlation with urinary K before treatment (r=0.581,P =0.188),while there was a negative correlation between them after treatments (r =-0.779,P =0.005).PUF scores in all patients (group A + B)were significantly decreased after treatments when compared to those before treatments (18.12 ± 2.83 vs.22.77 ± 3.63,P =0.0001).Conclusion Urinary potassium measurement may have a role in evaluating the disease status and efficacy of treatments of patients suffered from ketamine-associated cystitis.

Effects of ketamine on proliferation and apoptosis of pheochromocytoma cell / 法医学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To explore the effect of ketamine on adrenal pheochromocytoma (PC12) cell proliferation inhibition and induction of apoptosis and its mechanism.@*METHODS@#PC12 cells of rats were models for dopaminergic neuron. PC12 cells were cultured with ketamine at concentrations of 0.9, 1.2, 1.5, 1.8 and 2.1 mmol/L, respectively. The cell viability was measured by MTT method after incubation at 12, 24, 48 and 72h. Hoechst stain was used to observe the morphological changes of apoptosis. PC12 cells cultured after 48 h with different concentrations of ketamine were selected to detect apoptotic rate using flow cytometry and detect the expression of bax and bcl-2 proteins using Western blotting.@*RESULTS@#For different concentrations of ketamine, vitality of PC12 cells significantly decreased with increase of the incubation time. Apoptosis was obviously observed using Hoechst staining. Flow cytometry showed that apoptosis rates significantly increased with increasing ketamine concentrations.@*CONCLUSION@#Ketamine can inhibit the proliferation of PC12 cell by inducing apoptosis of the PC12 cell in a concentrations-dependent manner. The underlying mechanism may be related to promoting the expression of bax and inhibiting the expression of bcl-2 in the cells.

Clinical study of laparoscopic sphincter-preserving proctectomy for low rectal cancer using transanal telescopic anastomosis / 中华胃肠外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the safety, feasibility and clinical outcomes of laparoscopic sphincter-preserving proctectomy for low rectal cancer using transanal telescopic anastomosis.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Five patients underwent laparoscopic sphincter-preserving proctectomy for low rectal cancer using transanal telescopic anastomosis between March 2011 and April 2011 at the General Hospital of Beijing Military Command. After lymph node dissection around the mesentery using harmonic scalpel, the root of the inferior mesenteric vessel was ligated and transected. Rectal dissection was further carried out until 5 cm distal to the lower margin of the tumor. A circumferential incision was made 1.0 cm above the dentate line using 5 support stitches for exposure. The submucous layer was striped upward to the level of the levator ani, and rectum was transected. Rectum and sigmoid colon were extracted transanally and removed. Finally, colonanal anastomosis was made using telescopic technique.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Five patients underwent the procedure successfully. The mean operative time was 178 minutes. The mean intraoperative blood loss was 76 ml. The mean lymph nodes retrieval was 14. Bowel function recovered after a mean of 3 days. There were no postoperative complications. No obvious scars were seen in the abdomen or the anus. The mean hospital stay was 12 days. After one year of follow-up, all the patients survived cancer-free.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Laparoscopic anterior resection with sphincter preservation by transanal telescopic anastomosis for low rectal cancer is feasible and safe. Abdominal incision is minimal. However, the long-term outcomes require further investigation.</p>

Analysis of 61 cases undergoing sphincter-preserving procedure with intersphincteric resection by telescopic anastomosis for ultra-low rectal cancer / 中华胃肠外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the efficacy and safety of sphincter-preserving procedure with transabdominal intersphincteric resection for ultra-low rectal cancer.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Clinical data of 61 cases with ultra-low rectal cancer (distance from anal verge ranged from 4-5 cm) were analyzed retrospectively. The patients underwent sphincter-preserving procedure with intersphincteric resection and telescopic anastomosis.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>There were 34 males and 27 females. The mean age was 56.7 years. The inferior border of the tumor was 4 cm above the anal verge in 21 cases, and 5 cm in 40 cases. There 55 patients with rectal adenocarcinoma in this cohort. The tumor was well-differentiated in 24 cases, moderately-differentiated in 29 cases, and poorly-differentiated in 2 cases. There were 6 cases with malignant adenoma. The TNM staging was T1N0M0 in 36 cases, T2N0M0 in 23, and T3N1M0 in 2. The ability to control defecation significantly improved in 1-3 months postoperatively, and returned to normal in 6-12 months. Two patients developed anastomotic leak (3.3%), and 3 anastomotic stenosis (4.9%) postoperatively. Fifty-four patients(88.5%) had follow-up. The median follow-up time was 6.2 years. The local recurrence rate was 5.6%, and the 5-year-survival rate was 73.5%.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Sphincter-preserving procedure with intersphincteric resection and telescopic anastomosis is a safe and effective procedure for ultra-low rectal cancer.</p>

Reconstruction of critical sized calvarial defects by porous nano-hydroxyapatite/polyamide 6 composite with bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells in rat / 华西口腔医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the effects of the nano-hydroxyapatite/polyamide 6 (n-HA/PA6) on the proliferation and osteoblastic differentiation of rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs), and the feasibility of using both for constructing tissue engineered bone in the calvarias of rats with critical sized defects.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The third passage of BMSCs were cultured in osteoblastic medium and seeded on the scaffolds of n-HA/PA6, the proliferation of the BMSCs was tested by MTT (3-{4,5-dimethylthiazol-2yl}-2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium-bromide) on scheduled dates, and the osteoblastic differentiation of the BMSCs were measured by alkaline phosphatase (ALP) staining. Furthermore, the scaffolds with or without BMSCs in rat calvarial defects, after 4 weeks, 8 weeks, and 16 weeks have been implanted. Histology and scanning electron microscope were used to test the bone healing in the different groups.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The BMSCs seeded on the n-HA/PA6 grew well, the proliferation of cells was not affected by the scaffold, and the staining of ALP was also positive. At 4 week and 8 week after implantation, the n-HA/PA6 with BMSCs showed more new bone formation on the surface of scaffolds, with a better osseointegration of implant and host bone when compared with the group of n-HA/PA6 without BMSCs. However, there was no significant difference between these two groups at 16 week.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The porous n-HA/PA6 has no negative effects on the proliferation and osteoblastic differentiation of rat BMSCs, and using BMSCs as seed cells and n-HA/PA6 as scaffolds is a good choice for constructing tissue engineered bone due to the enhanced new bone formation and osseointegration.</p>

Comparative study on inorganic composition and crystallographic properties of cortical and cancellous bone / 生物医学与环境科学（英文）

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To comparatively investigate the inorganic composition and crystallographic properties of cortical and cancellous bone via thermal treatment under 700 °C.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Thermogravimetric measurement, infrared spectrometer, X-ray diffraction, chemical analysis and X-ray photo-electron spectrometer were used to test the physical and chemical properties of cortical and cancellous bone at room temperature 250 °C, 450 °C, and 650 °C, respectively.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The process of heat treatment induced an extension in the a-lattice parameter and changes of the c-lattice parameter, and an increase in the crystallinity reflecting lattice rearrangement after release of lattice carbonate and possible lattice water. The mineral content in cortical and cancellous bone was 73.2wt% and 71.5wt%, respectively. For cortical bone, the weight loss was 6.7% at the temperature from 60 °C to 250 °C, 17.4% from 250 °C to 450 °C, and 2.7% from 450 °C to 700 °C. While the weight loss for the cancellous bone was 5.8%, 19.9%, and 2.8 % at each temperature range, the Ca/P ratio of cortical bone was 1.69 which is higher than the 1.67 of stoichiometric HA due to the B-type CO₃²⁻ substitution in apatite lattice. The Ca/P ratio of cancellous bone was lower than 1.67, suggesting the presence of more calcium deficient apatite.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The collagen fibers of cortical bone were arrayed more orderly than those of cancellous bone, while their mineralized fibers ollkded similar. The minerals in both cortical and cancellous bone are composed of poorly crystallized nano-size apatite crystals with lattice carbonate and possible lattice water. The process of heat treatment induces a change of the lattice parameter, resulting in lattice rearrangement after the release of lattice carbonate and lattice water and causing an increase in crystal size and crystallinity. This finding is helpful for future biomaterial design, preparation and application.</p>

Clinical experience of 371 cases of sphincter-preservation with telescopic anastomosis after radical excision for low-middle rectal cancer / 中华胃肠外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the clinical efficacy, feasibility and safety of sphincter-preservation with telescopic anastomosis of colon and rectal mucosa in low-middle rectal cancer.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A retrospective analysis was carried out in 371 patients with low-middle rectal cancer in whom telescopic anastomosis was used. There were 224 males and 147 females, with a mean age of 57.9 (21-99) years. The lower margins of the tumors located between 5-8 cm from the anal verge. On histopathology, there were 361 adenocarcinomas, including 138 well-differentiated, 201 moderately differentiated, 11 poorly differentiated, 11 mucinous adenocarcinoma, and 10 adenomas with neoplastic changes. According to the Duke's stage classification, 120 were TNM stage I, 222 stage II, 26 stage III, and 3 stage IV.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Three hundred and eighteen (318/371, 85.7%) cases were followed up, and the median follow up time was 5.8 years. Postoperative complications were observed, including 16(4.3%) cases with anastomotic leak, and 8 (2.1%) with anastomotic stenosis. All the patients resumed normal bowel function during 12-24 weeks after operation, with 1-3 times per day. The local recurrence rate was 6.3% (20/318). Hepatic and lung metastasis was 14.5% (46/318) and 2.5% (8/318), respectively. The 5-year survival rate was 69.7%.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The sphincter-preservation with telescopic anastomosis procedure is safe and effective for low-middle rectal cancer, and the sphincter function can be well-preserved.</p>

Predictive value of fluorescence in situ hybridization in patients with bladder cancer / 南方医科大学学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To assess the value of fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) in the diagnosis of bladder cancer.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Urine samples from 100 patients suspected of having bladder cancer were collected before cystoscopy for immediate urine cytology and FISH analysis. The criteria for FISH abnormality were determined by evaluating the urine specimens from 20 subjects without urogenital neoplasm.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The overall sensitivity of cytology and FISH was 43.2% and 82.4%, and their specificity was 92.3% and 88.5%, with diagnostic concordance rate of 56.0% and 84.0%, respectively. The differences between FISH and cytology showed statistical significance in the sensitivity, diagnostic concordance rate, non-muscle-invasive cancer and primary cancer.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The sensitivity and efficiency of FISH in the detection of bladder cancer are superior to those of cytology, especially for prophase cancer.</p>

Expression of human telomerase reverse transcriptase in renal cell carcinoma and its clinical significance / 南方医科大学学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the expression of human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT) in renal cell carcinoma (RCC) and its clinical significance.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The expression levels of hTERT mRNA and protein were detected using RT-RCR and Western blotting in 45 RCC tissues, 45 adjacent tissues and 786-0 cell line, and the associations of hTERT expression with the tumor size, clinical stage, pathological type and grade were evaluated.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>hTERT mRNA and protein was expressed at significantly higher levels in RCC tissues than in the adjacent tissues (P=0.000), and no correlation of hTERT expression was found with the tumor size, clinical stage, pathological type or grade.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>hTERT might serve as a diagnostic and prognostic marker for RCC, and also shed light on the new clues for gene therapy of RCC.</p>

Suprapubic puncture: preferable to transurethral catheterization for pressure-flow determination in BPH patients / 中华男科学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To compare suprapubic puncture and transurethral catheterization for pressure-flow determination during voiding in BPH patients.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Both suprapubic puncture and transurethral catheterization were used for pressure-flow determinations during voiding in 23 BPH patients at the mean age of 69.3 years (range 57-77 years) and the related parameters were compared by t-test.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Compared with transurethral catheterization, suprapubic puncture increased Qmax by 1.19 mn/s (P <0.05) and MMC by 66.61 ml (P <0.01) , and reduced the pressure of detrusor at Qmax (Pdet, Qmax) by 10.57 cmH2O (P < 0.05), URA by 11.39 cmH2O (P < 0.01) and AG by 12.94 (P < 0.01). Either according to the Schäfer diagram or with AG > 40 as the diagnostic standard, there were 16 (69.6%) cases of bladder outlet obstruction (BOO) in the suprapubic puncture group and 20 (87.0%) in the transurethral catheterization group.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>In pressure-flow determination during voiding, suprapubic puncture and transurethral catheterization each have its own advantages and disadvantages, but the former is preferred for BPH patients. As for other patients, it all depends on specific conditions.</p>

Characterization and antibacterial effect of Ag-nHA-nTiO2/polyamide 66 nanocomposite membrane on oral bacteria / 华西口腔医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>Undried silver-hydroxyapatite-titania (Ag-nHA-nTiO2) nanoparticles slurry was used to make membrane with polyamide 66 (PA66) by co-polymerization method. The purpose of this study is to test the physical and chemical characteristics and antibacterial ability.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The morphology, chemical components and structures of the membrane were characterized by atomic absorption spectrometer (AAS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM) and energy-dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX). Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), Escherichia coli (E. coli), Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis), Fusobacterium nucleatum (F. nucleatum) and Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans) were utilized to test the antibacterial effect.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>XRD results demonstrated that the membrane have characteristic diffraction peaks of pure hydroxyapatite (HA). A homogeneous distribution of the Ca, P, Ti and Ag element in the membrane was confirmed by EDX. Both surface and section showed porous structure which was confirmed by SEM and the average hole size was 20-30 microm. The bacteria assay reflected to the antibacterial effect, 50.10% of S. aureus and 56.31% of E. coli were killed. However, 91.84% of P. gingivalis, 90.64% of F. nucleatum and 90.49% of S. mutans were killed and pictures of SEM showed obviously fewer cells on the surface.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The nanocomposite membrane could be one of the bioactive materials with antibacterial properties for oral guided bone regeneration technique.</p>

Clinical study of 231 cases of radical excision with sphincter preservation by casing anastomosis in low rectal cancer / 中华外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the clinical efficacy, feasibility and safety of sphincter-preserving procedure by casing anastomosis of colon and rectal mucosa in low rectal cancer.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A retrospective analysis was carried out in 231 cases of low rectal cancer performed casing anastomosis.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>One hundred and ninety-seven (197/231, 85.3%) cases were followed up, the median time of the follow up was 5.9 years (range, 2 months-14 years). Eight (3.4%) cases of stoma leak and 3 (1.2%) cases of stoma stenosis were found post operation. Defecating function recovered normally (1 - 3 times per day) in 12 - 24 weeks after operation in all patients. Local recurrence was found in 5.1% (10/197) of the cases. Hepatic and lung metastasis was found in 15.2% (30/197) and 2.5% (5/197) of the patients, respectively. The five-year survival rate was 71.6% totally.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The casing anastomosis procedure with sphincter preservation is safe and efficacy for low rectal cancer. With the procedure, the anal function can be preserved well, stoma leak is decreased, and the five-year survival rate is the same as Miles operation.</p>