Establishment of a rat silicosis model via non-exposed tracheal instillation in combination with a ventilator / 中国职业医学

@#Objective - To establish a new non exposed intratracheal instillation method for establishing a rat silicosis model. Methods ， The specific pathogen free SD rats were randomly divided into control group and experimental group with ten rats in ， each group. Rats in the control group were given 1.0 mL of 0.9% sodium chloride solution and rats in the experimental group - were given 1.0 mL of silica suspension with a mass concentration of 50 g/L adopting to the one time intratracheal instillation ， - ， method and then followed by ventilator assisted ventilation immediately. When the tidal volume stabilized at 2.0 mL the ventilator was removed and the tracheal intubation was pulled out. Five rats in each group were sacrificed after two and four ， - Results weeks after modeling and hematoxylin eosin staining and Masson staining of lung tissue were performed. There was ， ， no death in the two groups of rats during the experiment. After two and four weeks the control group had normal lung structure ， ， ， normal alveolar cavity size no inflammatory cell infiltration thin alveolar wall only a small amount of collagen distribution ， around the lung interstitium and bronchus. At the second week of modeling the alveolar wall of the rats in the experimental ， ， ， group was slightly thickened interstitial lymphocytes and macrophages were infiltrated slight hyperplasia was found and a ， small amount of fibroblasts were visible. At the 4th week of modeling the alveolar wall of the rats in the experimental group was ， ， ， ， significantly thickened fibrous nodules were formed and fibroblasts fibrocytes collagen fibers were significantly increased. Conclusion - The combination of ventilator and non exposed intratracheal instillation method can be used to successfully ， ， . establish a rat silicosis model which is simple safe and effective

Chlorogenic acid alleviates chronic inflammatory pain via inhibiting synaptic expression of AMPA receptor / 中国药理学通报

Aim To investigate the effect of chlorogenic acid (CGA) on chronic inflammatory pain induced by complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA) and to observe the influence of CGA on CFA-induced synaptic expression of AMAP receptor in spinal dorsal horn. Methods CFA was injected intraplantarly into the hindpaws of mice to induce mechanical allodynia and thermal hyperalgesia. The changes of paw withdrawal threshold (PWT) and the paw withdrawal latency (PWL) were tested after intrathecal administration of CGA. Meanwhile, the synaptic expression and phosphorylation of AMPA receptor subunit were assessed by immunoblot-ting. Results The intrathecal injection of CGA produced dose-depended improvement of both PWT and PWL in CFA injected mice. A higher dose of CGA (200ng) did not influence the base thresholds of normal mice. The median dose of CGA (100 ng) effectively reversed the CFA-induced synaptic expression of GluAl; meanwhile, it suppressed the phosphorylation of GluAl at Ser845, with no influence on phosphorylation at Ser831. Conclusions CGA might exert its analgesic effect by specifically inhibiting the phosphorylation of GluAl -Ser845 and the synaptic incorporation of GluAl-containing AMPA receptor.

Simultaneous determination of six constituents in different kinds of Atractylodes rhizome by GC / 中成药

AIM To establish a GC method for the simultaneous determination of β-eudesmol,atractylon,atractylodin,atractylolide Ⅰ,atractylaxanthin Ⅱ and (4E,6E,12E)-tetradecene-8,10-diyne-1,3-diacetate in Atractylodes rhizome,and cluster analysis of A.rhizome according to the content level.METHODS The analysis of A.rhizome solution was performed on an HP-5 capillary column (30 m × 0.32 mm,0.25 μm) with FID as the detector,the initial temperature 100 ℃,with 10 ℃/min to 135 ℃;with 1 ℃/min to 150 ℃;with 50 ℃/min to 200 ℃ (keeping 6 minutes),and with 50 ℃/min to 250 ℃ (keeping 8 minutes).The FID detector temperature was 300 ℃ and the injector temperature was 250 ℃,with the flow rate carrier gas 1.4 L/min;The tail gas was N2 (99.999％),with the ratio of carrier gas Air ∶ H2 ∶ N2 =400 ∶ 30 ∶ 25;The sample volume was 1 μL,and the split ratio was 20 ∶ 1.The results were analyzed by cluster analysis with SPSS 21.0 statistical software.RESULTS Six constituents showed good linear relationships within their own ranges (r ＞ 0.999 6),whose average recoveries were 99.46％-100.95％ with the RSDs of 0.09-0.41.A.rhizome was divided into three categories.CONCLUSION This accurate,stable and reproducible method can be used for the quality control of A.rhizome.

Effects of steaming and baking on content of alkaloids in Aconite Lateralis Radix (Fuzi) / 中国中药杂志

To study the effect of steaming and baking process on contents of alkaloids in Aconite Lateralis Radix (Fuzi), 13 alkaloids were analyzed by UPLC-MS/MS equipped with ESI ion source in MRM mode. In steaming process, the contents of diester-diterpenoid alkaloids decreased rapidly, the contents of monoester-diterpenoid alkaloids firstly increased, reached the peak at 40 min, and then deceased gradually. The contents of aconine alkaloids (mesaconine, aconine and hypaconine) increased all the time during processing, while the contents of fuziline, songorine, karacoline, salsolionl were stable or slightly decreased. In baking process, dynamic variations of alkaloids were different from that in the steaming process. Diester-diterpenoid alkaloids were degraded slightly slower than in steaming process. Monoester-diterpenoid alkaloids, aconine alkaloids and the total alkaloids had been destroyed at different degrees, their contents were significantly lower than the ones in steaming Fuzi at the same processing time. This experiment revealed the dynamic variations of alkaloids in the course of steaming and baking. Two processing methods which can both effectively remove the toxic ingredients and retain the active ingredients are simple and controllable, and are valuable for popularization and application.