A case report of hyponatremia complicated with cerebral infarction characterized by apathetic onset / 天津医药

Hyponatremia(serum sodium<135 mmol/L)is one of the most common electrolyte disorders in the clinic, which is often secondary to a variety of diseases.Its clinical manifestations are lack of specificity,and severe cases can cause brain edema,neurological and psychiatric symptoms.There was also a correlation between hyponatremia and fracture.This paper summarizes a case of hyponatremia complicated with cerebral infarction and fracture.

Study of sleep features in patients with temporal lobe epilepsy / 天津医药

Objective To study sleep characteristics in patients with temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) through polysomnography (PSG). Methods Twenty-five TLE patients (TLE group) and eighteen healthy volunteer subjects (control group) were recruited to our study. Patients of two groups were evaluated by whole-night PSG, including total time in bed (TIB), total sleep time (TST), sleep efficiency (SE), sleep latency (SL), rapid eye movement latency (REML), wake after sleep onset (WASO), the percentages of non-REM (NREM) 1, 2 and 3 stages and the percentages of rapid eye movement (REM) occupied TST (N1％, N2％, N3％and REM％), the apnea-hypopnea index (AHI), hypopnea index, mean oxygen saturation (SpO2) and nadir SpO2, periodic leg movements (PLMs) index and PLMs index of REM sleep, sleep stage shifts (SSS) and sleep stage shifts per hour (SSS/h), NREM1, NREM2, NREM3 and REM sleep stage and wake shifts (abbreviated as N1, N2, N3, REM and W) and their proportions of SSS (abbreviated as N1/SSS, N2/SSS, N3/SSS, REM/SSS and W/SSS). Results Compared with control group, WASO, PLMs, PLMs index of REM sleep, SSS, SSS/H and N2 were significantly increased in TLE group. Moreover, compared with control group, SpO2 was decreased in TLE group (P<0.05). Conclusion Our results suggest that TLE patients have sleep disorder manifested as disorder of sleep structure, increased incidents of respiratory and motion events.

Optimization of microwave processing technology for vinegar Corydalis Rhizoma by response surface methodology / 中草药

Objective To optimize the microwave processing technology of vinegar Corydalis Rhizoma. Methods On the basis of single factor test, the index was evaluated by total rating of content of tetrahydropalmatine, protopine and the total alkaloid, which were determined by HPLC and UV spectrophotometry method, four factors (fire, stuffy time, processing time and dosage of vinegar) were studied by response surface, the microwave processing technology of vinegar Corydalis Rhizoma was optimized by response surface methodology. Results The optimal parameters of microwave processing technology were as follows: microwave power of 70%, stuffy time of 1.5 h, microwave time of 2.6 min, vinegar dosage of 27.5%, the content of tetrahydropalmatine, protopine, and total alkaloid were 0.112 4%, 0.041 8%, and 0.85%. Conclusion Microwave processing can be used as a processing method to enrich the traditional processing technology.

Application of fluorescence in situ hybridization on detection of abnormal karyotypes from spontaneous abortion specimens / 中华围产医学杂志

Objective To investigate the effect of fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) in increasing the accuracy and detection rate of chromosome aneuploid from spontaneous abortion specimens.Methods Chromosome 13,21,16 and 22 single sequence probes and centromere probes of 18,X and Y chromosome probes were used to detect 100 cases of spontaneous abortion villi samples.The results were compared with conventional karyotype analysis.Results (1) Karyotype analysis:Among 89 successfully cultured villi samples,51 abnormal karyotypes (57.3％) were found,including 37 cases of autosomal aneuploidies,four sex chromosome aneuploidies,two triploids,one tetraploid,one 68,XX and six chromosome structural aberrations.(2) FISH:The detection rate of abnormal karyotype was 38.0％ (38/100),among which 25 cases were autosomal aneuploidies,five sex chromosome aneuploidies,three triploids,four XX chimeras and one triploid in chromosome 13,16,18 and 21.(3) Comparison of the two methods:Among the 11 samples which failed by conventional method,FISH found two abnormal samples.In specimens of 46,XY,three cases showed mosaicism by FISH.In specimens of 46,XX,two cases showed chromosomal abnormalities by FISH.FISH detected overall 65.5％ (38/58) of the chromosomal abnormalities.Conclusions FISH combined with conventional chromosome analysis could improve the accuracy and detection rate of abnormal karyotypes in spontaneous abortion specimens.

Prevalence and related factors of urinary incontinence in postmenopausal women / 中国医学科学院学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the prevalence of urinary tract atrophy and related factors to urinary incontinence in postmenopausal women in the urban area of Beijing.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Subjects were selected from 4 central districts in Beijing with a multiple-stage randomly sampling procedure. A total of 1,257 postmenopausal women aged 60 years or over received interviews on lower urinary tract symptoms and physical examinations. The prevalences of different urinary tract symptoms were calculated. Logistic regression analysis was used to find the related factors of urinary incontinence.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The prevalence of urinary incontinence of postmenopausal women was 61.0%. Stress urinary incontinence had the highest prevalence (64.5%). While the prevalence of nocturia was 66.8%. Logistic regression analysis indicated that stress urinary incontinence in postmenopausal women was associated with the following factors: obesity, long education years, long-time standing, and low ability of bending or squatting. High grip strength might reduce the risk of urinary stress incontinence. Urge incontinence was associated with obesity, while higher education and high grip strength might reduce the risk of urge incontinence.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Incontinence is very common in postmenopausal women. The prevalence in this study is even higher than that in other reports. Obesity and muscle strength are related to the prevalence of urinary incontinence in subjects over 60 in Beijing.</p>

Effect of combined continued hormone replacement therapy on knee osteoarthritis symptom of postmenopausal women / 中国医学科学院学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the effect of combined continued estrogen and progestin replacement therapy on knee osteoarthritis (OA) symptoms of postmenopausal women.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Sixty-four postmenopausal women with radiological knee OA and symptoms aged 45-75 were divided into treatment group and control group. They were given estradiol velerate (E2V) 1.0 mg/d and medroxyprogestetone acetate (MPA) 2 mg/d (treatment group) or placebo (control group) for 6 months. Calcium 400 mg/d were given to all cases. Then 0-100 mm visual analon scale (VAS) was used to evaluate the severity of knee pain at baseline and after 1, 3, 6 month of treatment.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Significant differences on pain at night and tenderness around knee were seen in the treatment group compared with the control group after 1 months of treatment (P = 0.036 and 0.035, respectively). The improvement of pain at night, during walk and morning stiffness between the two groups showed significant difference after 6 months (P = 0.026, 0.027, and 0.011, respectively).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Combined estrogen and progestin replacement therapy can relieve the knee OA symptoms of postmenopausal women.</p>