Characteristics and clinical significance of mitochondrial injury of T lymphocyte subsets in patients with autoimmune hepatitis / 中国医师进修杂志

Objective:To study the characteristics and clinical significance of mitochondrial injury of T lymphocyte subsets in patients with autoimmune hepatitis (AIH).Methods:The clinical data of 57 patients with AIH (AIH group) from June to December 2021 in Hangzhou Xixi Hospital were retrospectively analyzed, while 60 healthy physical examiners were included as healthy group. The peripheral blood T lymphocyte subsets (CD 8+ T lymphocyte count and CD 4+ T lymphocyte count) were detected by flow cytometry, and matched mitochondrial staining value according to certain algorithm was used to determine the mitochondrial damage of helper T lymphocyte (Th cell) and suppressor T lymphocyte (Ts cell). The levels of IgG, alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) were measured using a Roche E170 automatic electrochemiluminescence immunoassay. Anti-nuclear antibody (ANA) titer was measured by immunofluorescence. Multivariate Logistic regression was used to analyze the independent risk factors of mitochondrial damage of Th cell and Ts cell in patients with AIH. Results:The ALT, AST, IgG, positive rate of ANA titer, CD 4+ T lymphocyte count, CD 8+ T lymphocyte count, rate of Th cell mitochondrial injury and rate of Ts cell mitochondrial injury in AIH group were significantly higher than those in healthy group: (118.90 ± 37.61) U/L vs. (30.96 ± 14.37) U/L, (102.40 ± 36.51) U/L vs. (31.12 ± 14.06) U/L, (18.40 ± 3.71) g/L vs. (13.89 ± 1.98) g/L, 96.49% (55/57) vs. 16.67% (10/60), 438 (323, 637) × 10 6/L vs. 398 (272, 469) × 10 6/L, 296 (211, 296) × 10 6/L vs. 270 (193, 322) × 10 6/L, 61.40% (35/57) vs. 8.33% (5/60) and 82.46% (47/57) vs. 11.67% (7/60), and there were statistical differences ( P<0.01 or <0.05). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis result showed that the AST elevated and CD 8+ T lymphocyte count reduced were the independent risk factors of Ts cell mitochondrial injury in patients with AIH ( OR = 1.06 and 0.99, 95% CI 1.01 to 1.10 and 0.99 to 1.00, P<0.05); the ALT elevated and IgG elevated were the independent risk factors of Th cell mitochondrial injury in patients with AIH ( OR = 1.08 and 1.66, 95% CI 1.02 to 1.14 and 1.11 to 2.48, P<0.05). Conclusions:It is of positive clinical significance to measure the T lymphocyte subtype mitochondrial injury in patients with AIH. The probability of mitochondrial injury of T lymphocyte subtype can be predicted by biochemical indexes such as ALT, AST and IgG, so as to indirectly evaluate the liver cell necrosis.

Animal models of acquired heterotopic ossification: a systematic review / 中国康复理论与实践

@#Objective To systematically summarize the animal models of acquired heterotopic ossification (AHO), and provide reliable modeling methods for the study of disease prevention and treatment programs.Methods Literatures about the animal models of AHO were researched from PubMed, Web of Science, CNKI and Wanfang Database till November, 2021. The important contents of the literatures were extracted, and the animal models of various types of AHO were evaluated and analyzed by literature induction.Results A total of 20 literatures related to animal experiments were included, which could be divided into two types: post-traumatic and neurogenic heterotopic ossification animal models, which were used to simulate the occurrence and development of AHO. Currently, seven different animal models were commonly used to study post-traumatic heterotopic ossification, such as muscle injury, achilles tenotomy, muscle injury combined with joint immobilization, hip injury, heterotopic implantation, blast injury and burn. The studies of neurogenic heterotopic ossification animal models mainly included spinal cord injury and traumatic brain injury. At present, the methods of achilles tenotomy and osteogenic factor implantation were commonly used in the laboratory, and with the advantages of reliability, feasibility and high success rate; however, they could not accurately explain the pathogenesis of heterotopic ossification under complicated clinical conditions. Therefore, the improvement of modeling methods based on explosion injury, burn, nerve injury and other conditions became the basis for clinical research of molecular biological mechanism, prevention and treatment of heterotopic ossification.Conclusion Current modeling methods have their own advantages and disadvantages, but none of them can completely replicate all the characteristics of human heterotopic ossification. Therefore, there is no unified standard in the selection of animal model in clinic. According to different etiology of the disease, the selection of appropriate animal models is crucial to study effective intervention for different types of AHO in the early stage.

Progress in the diagnosis and treatment of secondary spinal infection after solid organ transplantation / 中华临床感染病杂志

Spinal infection is a serious health-threatening clinical condition, which more frequently occurs in solid organ transplantation receipients than in non transplant receipients. With the increase of solid organ transplantation, the incidence of secondary spinal infection has been increased in recent years. The symptoms and signs of secondary spinal infection are not obvious, and early diagnosis and treatment are difficult, leading to recurrent attacks and protracted disease courses. This article reviews the progress in the diagnosis and treatment of secondary spinal infection after solid organ transplantation.

Efficacy and safety of Sofosbuvir/Daclatasvir (SOF/DCA) in treatment of naive patients with genotype-1b chronic hepatitis C / 中华全科医师杂志

A total of 291 patients with genotype-1b chronic hepatitis C (CHC) admitted in Hangzhou Xixi Hospital and Jiande Second People′s Hospital between August 2018 to June 2019. All patients received sofosbuvir/daclatasvir (SOF/DCA) therapy for 12 weeks, and were followed up for 24 weeks after treatment. Data were missed in 2 cases, among remaining 289 cases, there were 238 cases without cirrhosis (non-cirrhosis group), 48 cases with compensated cirrhosis (compensated cirrhosis group) and 5 cases with decompensated cirrhosis (decompensated cirrhosis group). The biochemical indexes, blood routine test results, aspartate aminotransferase-to-platelet ratio index (APRI) , fibrosis-4 (FIB-4) and related adverse event were collected. In non-cirrhotic group, 15 cases and 41 cases were lost follow-up after 12 weeks and 24 weeks of treatment, respectively. The sustained virologic response rate on week 12 (SVR12) and SVR24 in non-cirrhotic group were 82.2% (194/236) and 81.7% (193/236) respectively; whole SVR12 and SVR24 rates in compensated cirrhosis group (48/48) and decompensated cirrhosis group (5/5) were all 100% (χ 2=0.96, χ 2=0.44, P>0.05). The blood ALT [ 14 (6, 23) and 14 (5, 72) U/L], AST[22 (14, 24) and 23 (15, 52) U/L], hemoglobin [46 (42, 48) and 46 (34, 51) g/L], globulin [ (32.6±4.0)和(31.6±3.8) g/L], PLT[ (145.0±49.7) and (142.0±47.4) ×10 9/L], APRI [0.4 (0.2, 0.4) , 0.4 (0.3, 1.5) ] of 289 cases on week 12 and 24 after treatment were significantly improved; compared with baseline values [44(8, 175) U/L, 44(23, 154)U/L, 45 (41, 49) g/L, (33.0±4.0) g/L, (150.0±53.7) ×10 9/L, 0.7(0.3, 6.3)] (Week 12: Z=-14.21, Z=-13.97, Z=-14.72, t=2.00, t=5.22, Z=-13.52; (Week 24: Z=-13.12, Z=-13.04, Z=-4.63, t=7.18, t=7.25, Z=-9.48, all P<0.05). Compared with baseline values [ (16.1±5.4) μmol/L, (5.7±1.5) ×10 9/L, 3.4(1.2, 15.2)], the total bilirubin (15.4±5.8)μmol/L, WBC (6.2±1.8)×10 9/L, FIB-4[3.2 (1.5, 13.7) ] levels were also improved ( t=2.34, t=-5.51, Z=-3.40, all P<0.05). Univariate logistic analysis did not find factors influencing the SVR24 of Sofosbuvir/Daclatasvir therapy. The most common adverse events were fatigue (14.8%,36/248), headache (9.3%,23/248), skin rash and pruritus (4.8%, 12/248), diarrhea (5.6%, 14/248), all of which were alleviated after treatment. In conclusion, SOF/DCA is the optimized selection for na?ve patients with genotype-1b CHC with high SVR12 and SVR24 rate and good safety.

A spike denoising method combined principal component analysis with wavelet and ensemble empirical mode decomposition / 生物医学工程学杂志

Spike recorded by multi-channel microelectrode array is very weak and susceptible to interference, whose noisy characteristic affects the accuracy of spike detection. Aiming at the independent white noise, correlation noise and colored noise in the process of spike detection, combining principal component analysis (PCA), wavelet analysis and adaptive time-frequency analysis, a new denoising method (PCWE) that combines PCA-wavelet (PCAW) and ensemble empirical mode decomposition is proposed. Firstly, the principal component was extracted and removed as correlation noise using PCA. Then the wavelet-threshold method was used to remove the independent white noise. Finally, EEMD was used to decompose the noise into the intrinsic modal function of each layer and remove the colored noise. The simulation results showed that PCWE can increase the signal-to-noise ratio by about 2.67 dB and decrease the standard deviation by about 0.4 μV, which apparently improved the accuracy of spike detection. The results of measured data showed that PCWE can increase the signal-to-noise ratio by about 1.33 dB and reduce the standard deviation by about 18.33 μV, which showed its good denoising performance. The results of this study suggests that PCWE can improve the reliability of spike signal and provide an accurate and effective spike denoising new method for the encoding and decoding of neural signal.

Contrast induces kidney epithelial cell apoptosis through NRLP3 inflammasome pathway / 中华肾脏病杂志

Objective To investigate the effect of pyrin domain 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome in the process of contrast induced human kidney cell apoptosis.Methods Human kidney 2 (HK-2) cells were cultured in DMEM-F12 medium with 5％ FBS.Cells were divided into control group,Contrast group (O group),NLRP3-siRNA+Iohexol group (si-NLRP3+O group),ASC-siRNA+Iohexol group (si-ASC+O group),and mannitol group (M group).Different concentrations of hypotonic contrast agent were added to HK-2 cell culture plates for 24,48 and 72 h.Flow cytometry was used to detect apoptosis.NLRP3 and ASC mRNA expressions were detected by RT-PCR.The expressions of NLRP3,ASC,caspase-8/cleaved caspase-8,Bcl-2/Bax,caspase-1/cleaved caspase-1,and caspase-3/cleaved caspase-3 protein were detected by Western blot.The levels of interleukin (IL) 1β and IL-18 in supernatant were detected by ELISA.Results Compared with the control group,the rate of apoptotic cells,as well as the expressions of NLRP3,ASC and cleaved caspase-1 proteins were increased in HK-2 cells of contrast group.The expressions of NLRP3 and ASC mRNA in the contrast group also increased,so did IL-1β and IL-18 levels (all P＜0.05),suggesting that NLRP3 inflammasome in HK-2 cells was activated by contrast.Compared with the control group,the expressions of cleaved caspase-8,Bax and cleaved caspase-3 protein were increased,and the expression of anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2 was decreased (all P ＜ 0.05).Compared with the contrast group,the rate of apoptotic cells in the si-NLRP3 + contrast group and si-ASC + contrast group was significantly decreased;the expression of cleaved caspase-1 was decreased;the expressions of Bax and cleaved caspase-3 were decreased,and Bcl-2 level was increased.The expressions of IL-1β and IL-18 in the supernatant of cells were decreased (all P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Contrast agent can activate the NLRP3 pathway in HK-2 cells and induce apoptosis,which could be reduced by blocking the NLRP3 pathway.

Expressions of cell polarity related proteins CDC42and PAR3 during tooth germ development in mice / 吉林大学学报(医学版)

Objective:To study the expressions of cell polarity related proteins CDC42 and PAR3 during tooth germ development in the mice,and to discuss their possible roles during tooth development in the mice.Methods:The whole heads were obtained from the mouse embryo on the days 13.5,14.5,16.5 and 18.5 (E13.5,E14.5,E16.5 and E18.5) and the mice on the postnatal days 1 (PN1) and 5 (PN5).The tissues were fixed in paraformaldehyde,decalcified,dehydrated,embedded in paraffin,and sectioned.The histology of tooth germ was observed by HE staining.The expressions of CDC42 and PAR3 during tooth germ development were detected by immunohistochemistry staining.Results:The HE staining results showed that E13.5,E14.5,E16.5 and E18.5were the bud stage,the cap stage,the early and the late bell stage of tooth germ development,respectively;the tooth germ of PN1 mice showed the matured odontoblasts and ameloblasts;the tooth germ of PN5 mice showed the completed tooth crown development.The immunohistochemistry staining results showed that CDC42 expressed in the tooth germ of the mice at E13.5,E14.5 and E16.5;the CDC42 expression at E 18.5 was reduced compared with E13.5,E14.5 and E16.5;CDC42 mainly expressed in the odontoblasts and ameloblasts of the tooth germ of the mice at PN1 and PN5;PAR3 weakly expressed in the tooth germ of the mice at E13.5 and E14.5,and it was increased at E16.5 and E18.5.At PN1 and PN5,the expressions of PAR3 were decreased compared with E18.5.Conclusion:CDC42 and PAR3 partieipat in the mouse tooth development;during the early stage of tooth germ development,they may be involved in the proliferation and migration of mouse dental germ;during the late stage,CD42 and PAR3 may be involved in the differentiation of the odontoblasts and the ameloblasts,especially in the establishment and maintenance of cell polarity.

The effects of prenatal exposure to brominated diphenyl ethers-209 to the influence of male offspring rats hippocampus BDNF potein expression and its mechanism of action / 中华劳动卫生职业病杂志

Objective@#The effects of prenatal exposure to brominated diphenyl ethers-209 to the Influence of male offspring rats hippocampus BDNF potein expression and its mechanism of action.@*Methods@#Pregnant Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomly treated with BDE-209 (100, 300, and 900 mg/kg body weight) or corn oil by gavage on gestational days 6-20. Blood was obtained through heart puncture for thyroid hormone analysis in male rats offspring on PND 60. The hippocampus tissues were excised. The expression levels of BDNF protein were measured by Western blot.@*Results@#1) In hippocampal tissue, BDNF protein expression concentration ratio relative to the control group (control group concentration of 1) were 0.87 (300 mg/kg dose group) and 0.67 (900 mg/kg) (P<0.01) . 2) Compared to controls, total T4 levels and free T4 levels were significantly decreased in the BDE-209 treated-group (900 mg/kg, 300 mg/kg) (P<0.05) . Total T3 levels in 300 mg/kg group were also significantly decreased compared to the control (P<0.05) . However, no significant difference was observed in 100 mg/kg group (P>0.05) .@*Conclusion@#During 300 and 900 mg/kg dose group of BDE-209 exposure to male offspring BDNF protein expression in rat hippocampus decreased, may be related to its interference with thyroid hormone.

Clinical study of spiral stone basket assisted with FURL in treatment of unilateral upper ureteral stones for diameter>1.0 cm / 中国内镜杂志

Objective To investigate the clinical effects and safety of spiral stone basket assisted with FURL in the treatment of unilateral upper ureteral stones for diameter>1.0 cm. Methods 140 patients with unilateral upper ureteral stones for diameter>1.0 cm from January 2012 to December 2015 were randomly divided into control group (70 patients) with FURL used alone and observation group (70 patients) with spiral stone basket assisted application on the basis of control group;the perioperative clinical indicators, the lithotripsy success rate, the stone clearance rate, the stone removal rate and the postoperative complication incidence of both groups were compared. Results The operation time of observation group was signiifcantly longer than control group (P0.05). The lithotripsy success rate and the stone clearance rate of observation group was signiifcantly higher than control group (P 0.05). The total treatment expenses of observation group was signiifcantly fewer than control group (P1.0 cm can efifciently higher the stone removal effects, reduce the stone removal risk and not increase the postoperative complications incidence.

Progress in Studies on Biomarkers for Diagnosis of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease / 胃肠病学

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)is a kind of metabolic and stress-related liver damage closely related with insulin resistance and inherited susceptibility. Its incidence is increasing recently in China. Liver biopsy is the gold standard for the diagnosis of NAFLD,but which is an invasive procedure with certain risks. Therefore,finding a simple and accurate diagnostic method is an eager task,and searching of non-invasive biomarkers for diagnosis of NAFLD has become a hot spot of study. This article reviewed the progress in studies on biomarkers for diagnosis of NAFLD.

Analysis of the co-expression of miRNA and mRNA in rats with TNBS/ethanol induced ulcerative colitis / 中华微生物学和免疫学杂志

Objective To investigate the correlations between miRNA and mRNA ( the regulatory effects of miRNA) in a rat model of trinitro-benzene-sulfonic acid (TNBS)/ethanol induced ulcerative colitis ( UC) .Methods TNBS and ethanol were used to induce the development of UC in rats .After the modeling procedure and oral administration of normal saline ( NS) for 14 days, rats from the control and model groups were dissected to collect the samples of colonic mucosa .General and histological evaluations were performed to validate the modeling of UC .The expression of miRNA was profiled using miRNA microarray .The target miRNAs that were closely related to the pathogenesis of UC were selected out according to the results of mi -croarray and related literatures .RT-PCR was performed to verify the differentially expressed miRNAs .The mirWalk database was used to predict the target genes of miRNAs .In order to verify whether the predicted results were in accordance with the actual results , the microarray technology was used for mRNA expression profiling .The genes that showed interactions with those miRNAs were screened out .The David database was used for gene annotation .An interaction net between miRNA and mRNA was formed .Results General and histological manifestation of colon tissue samples from the model group were in accordance with the features of UC.Sixty-eight miRNAs were identified to be differentially expressed in rats from the model group and the control group (fold change>2, P7).Six candidate miRNAs were selected as hav-ing close relations to the pathogenesis of UC referring to reported literatures , the expression of which was checked and verified by real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR).Compared with the control group, 4 miRNAs (miR-146a-5p, miR-146b-5p, miR-126a-3p and miR-21-5p) were up-regulated (P<0.01, P<0.05) and 2 miRNAs (miR-200b-3p and miR-145-5p) were down-regulated (P<0.01) in rats with TNBS/ethanol induced UC.Four mRNAs (IL-6, Ccl5, Mapk3 and Smad7) that interacted with the 6 miRNAs were identified based on the results of target gene prediction of the above 6 miRNAs and gene expression pro-filing.The David database was used to annotate the interactions for elucidating their significance in the path -ogenesis of UC .Conclusion A miRNA can regulate many signaling pathways and a signaling pathway can also be regulated by many miRNAs .Therefore , simply inhibiting certain pathways may not radically stop the process of inflammation .Studying the functions of miRNAs and elucidating the correlations between miRNA and mRNA might fundamentally inhibit the development of UC .

The study of associations between circulating tumor cells and clinicopathologic characteristics in axillary lymph node positive primary breast cancer / 中华外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the correlations between circulating tumor cell (CTC) and clinicopathologic characteristics of tumors obtained by core needle biopsy in axillary lymph node positive primary breast cancer patients.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The peripheral venous blood samples were collected from 126 patients with axillary lymph node positive primary breast cancer and were detected to found CTCs using the CellSearch automatic detection system. The associations between CTCs and clinicopathologic characteristics of tumors were analyzed in axillary lymph node positive primary breast cancer patients. All patients were female, age ranging from 27 to 65 years (median, 49 years).</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>One or more CTCs were detected from the peripheral blood in 25.4% (32/126) patients. The positive rate of CTCs was 36.2% (17/47) in the human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER-2) (+) patients, 19.0% (15/79) in the HER-2 (-) patients. In univariate analysis, there were significant differences about the positive rate of CTCs between the two groups (χ² = 4.592, P < 0.05). In multivariate analysis, the risk of circulating tumor cells positive in HER-2 (+) patients was 2.712 times higher than in HER-2 (-) patients (OR = 2.712, 95% CI: 1.117-6.584, P = 0.027), whereas the positive rate of CTCs in axillary lymph node positive primary breast cancer patients showed no significant differences among the different subgroups with regards to age, menopausal status, the T staging of the tumor, histological type, histological grade, hormone receptor status and Ki-67 expression level (P > 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>There are significant correlations between the presence of CTCs and the HER-2 status of the tumor in axillary lymph node positive primary breast cancer patients. No significant correlations are found between the presence of CTCs and the age, menopausal status, T staging of the tumor, histological type, histological grade, hormone receptor status and Ki-67 expression level.</p>

Ultrasmall superparamagnetic iron oxide-enhanced magnetic resonance angiography combined with inflammatory factors for detecting atherosclerotic plaques in rabbits / 南方医科大学学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the feasibility of Ultrasmall superparamagnetic iron oxide-enhanced magnetic resonance angiography (USPIO-MRA) combined with interleukin-6 (IL-6) and IL-10 detection for detecting atherosclerotic plaques in rabbits.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Twenty-four normal male rabbits were randomly assigned (n=8) into group A with atherosclerosis induced by damaging the aortic tunica intima with Foley's tube in combination with a high fat diet, group B with a high fat diet, and group C without any intervention. At week 12, plain and USPIO-MRA was performed in all the 24 rabbits and the results were compared with pathological examinations; blood samples were collected from the ear vein to examine blood lipids and levels of IL-6 and IL-10.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The rabbits in groups A and B showed significantly different IL-6 levels (167 ± 21.3 vs 116 ± 14.3 pg/ml, P<0.05) but comparable blood lipids and IL-10 levels (P>0.05). The levels of IL-6, IL-10, TC, TG, and LDL, but not HDL, differed significantly between groups A and C and between groups B and C (P<0.01). Continuous MRA scan showed significantly different signal-to-noise ratios (SNR) between the 3 groups.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>USPIO-MRA combined with IL-6 and IL-10 detection is feasible in detecting atherosclerotic plaques in rabbits.</p>

Comparative study of USPIO-enhanced and Gd-enhanced MRI in the diagnosis of atherosclerotic plaques in rabbits / 实用医学杂志

Objective To investigate the imaging characteristics of USPIO-enhanced and Gd-enhanced MRI in atherosclerosis and to compare the detection rate of atherosclerotic plaque between them. Methods Thirty-five healthy male rabbits were assigned to experimental group (n=30) to establish a model of atherosclerosis by damaging aortic tunica intima with Foley′s tube in combination with a high fat diet and 5 to control group without any intervention. At week 12, USPIO-enhanced and Gd-enhanced MRI scanning were conducted to compare the signal changes of atherosclerotic plaque before and after enhancement with the 2 contrast media. Ninety seven pictures were randomly selected respectively from the pictures enhanced by the 2 contrast media to compare the detection rate plaque between them. Pthology examination was used for detection standard. For the control group , pictures were randomly selected. Results In the experimental group, 7 rabbits died of Foley′s tube damaging, 2 died of raising and 1 died of anesthesia. All 5 rabbits in control group survived. A total of 172 pathological sections were made with 134 plaques and 72 vulnerable plaques pathologically confirmed. In pictures enhanced by USPIO , 84 plaques were confirmed by HE staining with a detection rate of 86.6%. In pictures enhanced by Gd, 72 plaques were confirmed by HE staining with a detection rate of 74.2%. Detection rate of USPIO-enhanced MRI in atherosclerosis plaque was significantly higher than that of Gd-enhanced MRI (X2=3.96, P=0.046). Conclusion USPIO shows its superiority as a new contrast medium in detection of atherosclerosis plaque.

The study of proteomics in acute spinal cord injury rats by iTRAQ technology / 中国组织工程研究

BACKGROUND:Isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation (iTRAQ) mass spectrometry technology studys the information of relevant protein according to the ion signal shows different mass-to-charge ratio in the tandem mass spectrometry analysis. OBJECTIVE:To establish the protein spectrum of differential proteins in cerebrospinal fluid of acute spinal cord injury rat model, study the secondary injury mechanism and find an effective method of treating acute spinal cord injury from molecular level. METHODS:Acute spinal cord injury was produced in Sprague-Dawley rats and iTRAQ technology was applied to analyze the differential proteins in cerebrospinal fluid of acute spinal cord injury rat model. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Total 722 proteins have been identified in this study, including 107 differentialy expressed proteins, 63 downregulated proteins and 44 upregulated proteins. There were 19 proteins related to neurogenesis, including 14 up-regulation proteins and 5 down-regulation proteins. Seven proteins contributed to the regulation of neurogenesis. The differential proteins and growth factor identified in this study can be taken as the biomarkers of acute spinal cord injury or indicators of clinical monitoring of the progression, target treatment and efficacy assessment after acute spinal cord injury.

Relationship between cytomegalovirus infection and heart rate variability in elderly patients with atherosclerosis / 中华老年医学杂志

Objective To investigate the correlation between cytomegalovirus infection and heart rate variability (HRV) in elderly patients with atherosclerosis.Methods 160 patients with coronary heart disease who met World Health Organization diagnostic criteria for coronary heart disease in 1979 were collected.According to the IMTHCMV PP65 antigen test results,patients were divided into positive group (observation group,n=103) and negative group (control group,n=57).We detected the levels of of HRV,metalloprotease-9 (MMP 9) and tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) in the two groups in order to access the plaque stability.Results The all sinus standard deviation of RR interval (SDNN),standard deviation of the average NN interval (SDANNI),mean value of sinus standard deviation of RR interval (SDNNI) were lower in observation group than in control group (P ＜0.05).There were no significant differences in square root of the mean squared differences of successive NN intervals (RMSSD) level and percentage of differences exceeding 50ms between adjacent normal number of intervals (PNN50) between the two groups (P＞0.05).The levels of total cholesterol and low density lipoprotein were higher and the levels of MMP 9 AND TNF α were lower in observation group than in the control group (all P＜0.05).Compared with control group,the plaque stability was decreased in observation group [20.4％ (21/103) vs.61.4％ (35/57),x2=4.273,P=0.015].Conclusions Patients with atherosclerosis combined with cytomegalovirus infection have a greater heart rate variability and poorer plaque stability.

Carvacrol pretreatment attenuates myocardial oxidative stress and apoptosis following myocardial ischemia-reperfusion in mice / 南方医科大学学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the effect of carvacrol pretreatment on myocardial ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury and its underlying mechanisms.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Wild-type male C57 BL/6 mice were randomized into 5 groups (n=13), namely the sham-operated group, vehicle (DMSO in saline)+ I/R group, carvacrol (20 mg/kg) + I/R group, carvacrol (40 mg/kg) + I/R group, and carvacrol (60 mg/kg) + I/R group. The mouse models of myocardial I/R injury were established by a 45-min occlusion of the left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD) followed by reperfusion for 2 h. Carvacrol or vehicle was administered intravenously 15 min before LAD occlusion. After reperfusion, the mice were examined for myocardial oxidative stress level and apoptosis rate.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Compared with the vehicle group, the 3 carvacrol-pretreated groups showed significantly reduced myocardial infarct size, oxidative stress level and cardiac myocyte apoptosis rate (P<0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Carvacrol can protect against myocardial I/R injury by inhibiting myocardial oxidative stress and apoptosis in mice.</p>

Surgical treatment of giant-cell tumor of long extremity bones / 中国肿瘤临床

Objective:To analyze the clinical effect of different surgical methods on giant-cell tumor of bone (GCTB). Methods:Between January 2007 and June 2012, 37 patients receiving treatment for GCTB were enrolled in this study. These patients included 20 males and 17 females whose ages ranged from 20 to 56 (average=31.6). The prosthesis replacement and nonprosthetic replacement op-eration on the postoperative recurrence, limb function, comprehensive evaluation of the curative effect, as well as morbidity and recur-rence rate among different nations and in the upper and lower limbs of GCTB patients were analyzed. Results:The predilection age of the cases ranged from 20 to 50 years old. The incidence was higher in the Uighur population of Xinjiang, China. However, the recur-rence rate in ethnic difference was not statistically significant (P>0.05). Conclusion:The predilection age of GCTB cases was 20~50 years old, with higher morbidity in Uighur than in Han and other ethnic groups. The morbidity and recurrence rate were higher in the lower limbs than in the upper limbs of patients. The scraping bone graft and bone cement filling, the internal fixation of the scraping bone graft, and the artificial joint replacement of tumor resection were all reliable modes of treatment.

The role of immune receptor NOD1 in insulin resistance of human adipocytes / 中华内分泌代谢杂志

Objective To investigate the role of nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-containing protein 1 (NOD1) in inducing insulin resistance in differentiated human adipocytes.Methods Human preadipocytes obtained via liposuction were induced to differentiate into mature adipocytes.iE-DAP,a specific ligand for NOD1,was administered to human adipocytes in culture.NF-κB transcriptional activity and proinflammatory cytokines production were determined by luciferase assay and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.Glucose uptake in adipocytes was measured by 2-deoxy-D-[3 H] glucose uptake (P＜0.05).The expression of phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase p85 (PI-3K p85),insulin receptor substrate-1 (IRS-1) and Akt phosphorylations were detected by Western blotting.Results NF-κB transcriptional activity and cytokines such as interleukin (IL)-6,IL-8,and monocyte chemotactic protein 1 secretion were markedly increased after stimulation with iE-DAP (P＜0.05 or P＜0.01).Insulin-induced glucose uptake was decreased with the activation of NOD1 in a dose-and time-dependent fashion.NOD1 activation weakened insulin signal transduction as being revealed by increasing IRS-1 Ser307phosphorylation,reducing protein expression of PI-3K p85,and attenuating insulin-induced phosphorylation of Akt on Ser473 and Thr308in human adipocytes.Conclusion These results indicate that NOD1 activation induces inflammatory response and insulin resistance via IRS-1/PI3-K/Akt signaling pathway in human adipocytes.

Differential protein expression after acute spinal cord injury / 中国组织工程研究

BACKGROUND:In mass spectrometry analysis, the same protein in different samples labeled with isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation presents the same mass-to-charge ratio, while in the tandem mass spectrometry analysis, the ion signal shows different mass-to-charge ratio (114-121). Thus the quantitative information of the related proteins can be obtained. OBJECTIVE:To establish the protein spectrum of spinal cord tissue differences proteins after acute spinal cord injury, and to explore the spinal differential protein expression on the molecular level using isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation combined with LC-MS/MS mass spectrometry technique. METHODS:Eight Sprague Dawley rats were selected to establish the acute spinal cord injury models using Al en’s method. The rats were randomly divided into 0 hour spinal cord injury group and 8 hours spinal cord injury group, four rats in each group. The spinal cord tissues were col ected after injury, and the spinal cord tissue differences proteins were analyzed with isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation technique after acute spinal cord injury. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Total y 220 differential y expressed proteins were identified in this research, the number of up-regulation proteins was 116 and the number of down-regulation proteins was 104. There were 12 differential proteins related to neural regeneration, and among the 12 proteins, there were seven up-regulation proteins and five down-regulation proteins. The various identified differential proteins and significantly expressed nerve growth factors in this experiment can be used as the biomarkers of acute spinal cord injury or used as the strong evidence for the clinical management and monitoring of the injury process and target therapy of acute spinal cord injury, as wel as the effect evaluation.