Effects on alveolar bone of diabetes mellitus induced by streptozotocin in rats: histopathologic and immunohistochemical study / Efectos de la diabetes mellitus inducida por streptozotocina en el hueso alveolar de ratas: estudio histopatológico e inmunohistoquímico

SUMMARY: The purpose of this study was to investigate effects of diabetes mellitus (DM) on the alveolar bone with histopathological and immunohistochemical methods. Wistar rats were divided into two groups, control and diabetes group. Control group was fed standard rat chow and drinking water for 8 weeks. Single dose (Streptozotocin) STZ (55 mg/kg), was dissolved in sodium citrate buffer and introduced intraperitoneal injection. Diabetes group and control group were compared in terms of glucose values. The blood glucose concentration in diabetic rats was significantly high (p <0.05). In diabetes group; periodontal membrane and the dilation of blood vessels, hemorrhage has also been a significant increase in inflammatory cells. In the diabetes group, osteonectin showed positive expression in periodontal membrane and showed negative expression in osteocytes of alveolar bone. Osteopontin expression in fibroblast cells and periodontal membrane collagen fibrils was positive, alveolar cells, osteocytes and bone matrix bone was found positive. Diabetes results showed that there formed periodontitis; due to the increase in inflammation inhibiting bone formation delaying the development of early bone cells.

RESUMEN: El objetivo de este estudio fue investigar los efectos de la diabetes mellitus (DM) sobre el hueso alveolar con métodos histopatológicos e inmunohistoquímicos. Las ratas Wistar se dividieron en dos grupos, grupo control y grupo de diabetes. El grupo control fue alimentado con comida estándar y agua potable durante 8 semanas. La dosis única Streptozotocina (STZ) (55 mg/ kg), se disolvió en tampón de citrato de sodio y se introdujo mediante inyección intraperitoneal. El grupo diabetes y el grupo control se compararon en términos de valores de glucosa. La concentración de glucosa en sangre en ratas diabéticas fue significativamente alta (p <0,05). En el grupo diabetes hubo un aumento significativo de la membrana periodontal y dilatación de los vasos sanguíneos y hemorragia, con un aumento significativo de células inflamatorias. En el grupo diabetes, la osteonectina mostró una expresión positiva en la membrana periodontal además se observó expresión negativa en los osteocitos del hueso alveolar. La expresión de osteopontina en fibroblastos y fibrillas de colágeno en membrana periodontal fue positiva, las células alveolares, osteocitos y hueso de la matriz ósea dio positivo. Los resultados de la diabetes mostraron que existía periodontitis, debido al aumento de la inflamación que inhibió la formación ósea retardando el desarrollo de células óseas tempranas.

Mandibular fractures: a comparative analysis between young and adult patients in the southeast region of Turkey

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to review and compare the differences between mandibular fractures in young and adult patients. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Patients treated at the Oral and Maxillofacial Department of Dicle University during a five-year period between 2000 and 2005 were retrospectively evaluated with respect to age groups, gender, etiology, localization and type of fractures, treatment methods and complications. RESULTS: 532 patients were included in the study, 370 (70 percent) males and 162 (30 percent) females, with a total of 744 mandibular fractures. The mean age of young patients was 10, with a male-female ratio of 2:1. The mean age of adult patients was 28, with a male-female ratio of 3:1. The most common causes of injury were falls (65 percent) in young patients and traffic accidents (38 percent) in adults. The most common fracture sites were the symphysis (35 percent) and condyle (36 percent) in young patients, and the symphysis in adults (36 percent). Mandibular fractures were generally treated by arch bar and maxillomandibular fixation in both young (67 percent) and adult (39 percent) patients, and 43 percent of the adult patients were treated by open reduction and internal fixation. CONCLUSION: There was a similar gender, monthly and type of treatment distribution in both young and adult patients in the southeast region of Turkey. However, there were differences regarding age, etiology and fracture site. These findings between young and adult patients are broadly similar to those from other studies. Analysis of small differences may be an important factor in assessing educational and socioeconomic environments.