RESUMO
Objective:Through the detection of iodine nutrition level and thyroid function of pregnant women in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region (Xinjiang), to preliminary study the pregnant women's iodine nutrition level, thyroid function status and the relationship between the two and influencing factors.Methods:From March to June in 2020, stratified cluster random sampling method was adopted. Two counties (cities) in Southern and Northern Xinjiang were selected as survey sites, and about 100 pregnant women (a total of 412) were selected from each county (city) as survey subjects. Random urine samples and blood samples were collected to detect urinary iodine and serum thyroid function indicators [thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), free triiodothyronine (FT 3), free thyroxine (FT 4), anti-thyroglobulin antibody (Tg-Ab) and anti-thyroid peroxidase antibody (TPO-Ab)]. Results:The median and interquartile range [ M ( Q1, Q3)] of pregnant women's urinary iodine was 228.4 (143.15, 327.95) μg/L. Serum FT 3, FT 4 and TSH levels [ M ( Q1, Q3)] were 4.22 (3.92, 4.61), 13.79 (12.63, 15.26) pmol/L and 1.82 (1.26, 2.52) mU/L, respectively. The overall positive rates of Tg-Ab and TPO-Ab were 5.61% (23/412) and 11.95% (49/412), respectively. The positive rates of Tg-Ab and TPO-Ab in Southern and Northern Xinjiang were 4.78% (10/209), 10.05% (21/209), 6.40% (13/203) and 13.79% (28/203), respectively. The positive rates of Tg-Ab and TPO-Ab in Northern Xinjiang were higher than those in Southern Xinjiang, but the difference was not statistically significant (χ 2 = 1.31, 2.17, P > 0.05). The positive rate of TPO-Ab in pregnant women was the influencing factor of abnormal thyroid function, and the odds ratio ( OR) [95% confidence interval ( CI)] was 3.22 (1.31 - 7.93). Conclusions:Pregnant women in Xinjiang are generally at an appropriate level of iodine, but the state of thyroid function still needs continuous attention. In addition, it is necessary to strengthen the thyroid function examination of pregnant women with positive thyroid autoantibodies to prevent and control the occurrence of abnormal thyroid function in pregnant women.
RESUMO
Objective:To understand the iodine nutritional status of pregnant women in the early, middle and late pregnancy in historical iodine deficiency areas (South Xinjiang) and non historical iodine deficiency areas (North Xinjiang) in Xinjiang, so as to provide scientific basis for the prevention and control of iodine deficiency disorders in pregnant women and the formulation of appropriate prevention and control measures.Methods:From March to June 2019, using cluster yandom sampling, each county (city, district, county for short) in the whole region was divided into five sampling areas according to the east, west, south, north and middle direction. Twenty pregnant women were selected from each area, and the iodine content was determined by taking household salt samples and random urine samples.Results:A total of 9 461 salt samples were collected from pregnant women's families in 96 counties, of which 9 099 were qualified iodized salts, 22 were non iodized salts, the rate of non iodized salt was 0.23%, the coverage rate of iodized salts was 99.77% (9 439/9 461), the consumption rate of qualified iodized salts was 96.17% (9 099/9 461), and the median of salt iodine was 27.42 mg/kg. A total of 9 456 urine samples of pregnant women were tested. The median of urinary iodine was 187.30 μg/L, ranging from 0.30 to 1 300.00 μg/L. The median of urinary iodine of pregnant women in 12 counties (North Xinjiang) was < 150 μg/L. The medians of urinary iodine of pregnant women in the early, middle and late pregnancy in historical iodine deficiency areas were 215.85, 208.10 and 196.60 μg/L, respectively, while that in the non historical iodine deficiency areas were 179.10, 180.70 and 179.15 μg/L, respectively, the differences were statistically significant ( P < 0.01). There was a significant difference in the urinary iodine content of pregnant women in the early, middle and late pregnancy in historical iodine deficiency areas ( H = 8.85, P < 0.05), but there was no significant difference in the non historical iodine deficiency areas ( H = 0.28, P > 0.05). Conclusions:Some pregnant women in North Xinjiang are in iodine deficiency. The contents of urinary iodine in the early, middle and late pregnancy in historical iodine deficiency areas are higher than those in non historical iodine deficiency areas. The distribution of urinary iodine in the early, middle and late pregnancy of pregnant women in the historical iodine deficiency areas is different.