PD-1 inhibitor plus anlotinib for metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer: a real-world study / 亚洲男科学杂志(英文版)

Management and treatment of terminal metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) remains heavily debated. We sought to investigate the efficacy of programmed cell death 1 (PD-1) inhibitor plus anlotinib as a potential solution for terminal mCRPC and further evaluate the association of genomic characteristics with efficacy outcomes. We conducted a retrospective real-world study of 25 mCRPC patients who received PD-1 inhibitor plus anlotinib after the progression to standard treatments. The clinical information was extracted from the electronic medical records and 22 patients had targeted circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) next-generation sequencing. Statistical analysis showed that 6 (24.0%) patients experienced prostate-specific antigen (PSA) response and 11 (44.0%) patients experienced PSA reduction. The relationship between ctDNA findings and outcomes was also analyzed. DNA-damage repair (DDR) pathways and homologous recombination repair (HRR) pathway defects indicated a comparatively longer PSA-progression-free survival (PSA-PFS; 2.5 months vs 1.2 months, P = 0.027; 3.3 months vs 1.2 months, P = 0.017; respectively). This study introduces the PD-1 inhibitor plus anlotinib as a late-line therapeutic strategy for terminal mCRPC. PD-1 inhibitor plus anlotinib may be a new treatment choice for terminal mCRPC patients with DDR or HRR pathway defects and requires further investigation.

Effects of orthokeratology lenses and frame glasses on anisometropia in primary and middle school students with low myopia in one eye / 中国学校卫生

Objective@#To investigate the effects of orthokeratology lenses and frame glasses on anisometropia in children with low myopia in one eye.@*Methods@#Between January 2017 and January 2018, 120 children of primary and secondary school age with myopic anisometropia low myopia in one eye presenting to the Second People s Hospital of Yunnan Province were selected as research objects,with average refractive error of(-1.00,-2.50)D in one eye and(-0.50,0.50)D in another eye. Participants were divided into an experimental group and a control group (60 cases per group), according to a random number grouping method. The control group were given frame glasses, while the experimental group were given orthokeratology lenses. A prospective study was conducted to compare and analyze the lengths of the posterior eye axis (AL) and spherical equivalent (SE), measured at different time intervals between the two groups.@*Results@#There were some initial differences in AL and SE between the two groups before the experiment began; however, this difference was not statistically significant (P>0.05). After 12 months, participants myopic eyes given the orthokeratology lenses had shorter AL[(24.91±0.11)mm] compared to the control group[(25.02±0.09)mm],participants health eyes had longer AL[(24.58±0.24)mm] compared to the control group[(24.20±0.13)mm]. One month after the subjects stopped wearing plastic mirrors,participants myopic eyes had higher SE[(-2.22±0.78)D] compared to the control group[(-2.64±0.21)D],and had lower that in the control group[(-0.96±0.84)(-0.37±0.54)D](t=4.02，-4.58，P<0.05).@*Conclusion@#In children with low myopia in one eye, compared with wearers of frame glasses, wearing corneal shape lenses can effectively restrain AL extend and control the progression of eye myopia. At the same time, wearing corneal shape lenses can promote contralateral healthy eye axial extension and an increase in diopter, reduce the anisometropia value, solve the problems of a binocular visual axis development imbalance, and promote coordinated eye development.

PET/CT for guidance of lymphadenectomy of high-risk prostate cancer in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia: 1 case report / 上海交通大学学报（医学版）

A 70-year-old male with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) 9 years ago initially presenting elevation of prostate specific antigen (PSA) was diagnosed with high-risk prostate cancer in March, 2018. He received 18F-FDG positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT), which showed mild FDG-avidity in swollen lymph nodes across the entire body, considering CLL. Then he underwent neoadjuvant androgen deprivation therapy for 1 month and then robot-assisted radical prostatectomy and biopsy of the right iliac vascular obturator lymph nodes. The prostate pathology was prostate cancer, and the pathology of lymph nodes was CLL. His serum PSA levels 1 month and 3 months after operation both reached the level of cure. For the patients with concomitant high-risk prostate cancer and CLL, PET/CT may be valuable in distinguishing whether the swollen lymph nodes were infiltrated by prostate cancer and guiding the lymphadenectomy.

PET/CT for guidance of lymphadenectomy of high-risk prostate cancer in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia: 1 case report / 上海交通大学学报（医学版）

A 70-year-old male with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) 9 years ago initially presenting elevation of prostate specific antigen (PSA) was diagnosed with high-risk prostate cancer in March, 2018. He received 18F-FDG positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT), which showed mild FDG-avidity in swollen lymph nodes across the entire body, considering CLL. Then he underwent neoadjuvant androgen deprivation therapy for 1 month and then robot-assisted radical prostatectomy and biopsy of the right iliac vascular obturator lymph nodes. The prostate pathology was prostate cancer, and the pathology of lymph nodes was CLL. His serum PSA levels 1 month and 3 months after operation both reached the level of cure. For the patients with concomitant high-risk prostate cancer and CLL, PET/CT may be valuable in distinguishing whether the swollen lymph nodes were infiltrated by prostate cancer and guiding the lymphadenectomy.