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@#Objective To study the effects of Dengzhan Shengmai (DZSM) capsules on the autophagy in brains after cerebral Ischemia-reperfusion in rats. Methods 50 Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into sham group (n=10), 3-methyladenine (3-MA) group (n=10), 3-MA-control group (n=10), DZSM group (n=10) and DZSM-control group (n=10). The middle cerebral arteries were occluded for 1 hour and re-perfused in all the rats except the sham group. The 3-MA and 3-MA-control groups were injected 3-MA or normal saline (NS) into the right lateral ventricle 1 hour before operation. The DZSM and DZSM-control groups accepted DZSM or NS by gavage daily for 3 days since 4 hours after reperfusion. The rats were assessed with Longa's score 3 days after operation, and the expression of microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 (LC3) and Beclin1 in the brain were detected with immunofluorescent labeling and Western blotting; and the level of reactive oxygen species (ROS) were detected with chemiluminescence in the DZSM and DZSM-control groups. Results The expression of LC3 and Beclin1 increased in the ipsilateral ischemic hemisphere, especially in the cortex and striatum surrounding the infarct core (P< 0.001, compared with the sham group). The expression of LC3 and Beclin1 decreased in the 3-MA group compared with the 3-MA-control group (P<0.001), with the decrease of Longa's score (P<0.001). The expression of LC3-II and Beclin1 decreased in the DZSM group compared with the DZSM-control group (P<0.001), with the decrease of Longa's score (P<0.001) and level of ROS (P<0.001). Conclusion Inhibition of autophagy after focal cerebral ischemia-reperfusion plays a role in neuroprotection, which may be a way of DZSM to work.
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Objective To study the prevalence of dementia and its related risk factors in people aged 65 years and older in Gushan township.Methods People aged 65 years or older in 22 villages of Gushan township were screened,from July 2007 to November 2007.Face to face interview with mini-mental state examination,and followed by clinical assessment.A series of neuropsychological examination was done on selected subjects based on the results of the screening tests.Clinical diagnosis on dementia was made according to the Diagnosis and Statistical Manual of Mentai Disorder Fourth Edition.Resuits Out of the 2913 people 2696 aged 65 years or older,were enrolled.Among the participants,197 were confirmed of having dementia,accounting for the overall rate as 7.3%.The prevalence rate of dementia was 5.1% in males and 8.9% in females.Prevalence of dementia in the highly educated intellectuals was 9.2%,followed by 5.2%,3.9% and 2.5% in those having received primary,junior high or senior high school education.Results from logistic regression analysis showed that the major risk factors which influencing the prevalence of dementia would include age,aetivies of daily living,marital status,monthly income,frequency in watching TV/movie/field show,poker player or tress and taking care of the family etc.Conclusion The prevalence rate of dementia went up along with age.Factors as watching TV/movie/field show or playing poker/chess more frequently,as well as taking good care on families tend tO help reduce or postpone the development of dementia.