Effect of microRNA-221 targeting tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-2 to mediate Akt / mTOR signaling pathway on non-small cell lung cancer transplanted tumor mouse model / 解剖学报

Objective To explore the effects of miR-221 on tumor cell proliferation, migration and invasion in nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC) xenograft model mice, and to preliminarily analyze its possible mechanism of regulating Akt/ mammalian target of rapamycin(mTOR) signaling pathway by targeting tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-2 (TIMP-2) on tumor cells in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) through tumor-bearing nude mice. Methods The A549 cells were divided into control group, mimic group, TIMP-2 group and mimic+TIMP-2 group. The mimic group and TIMP-2 group were transfected with miR-221 mimic and TIMP-2 overexpression plasmids, respectively. The mimic + TIMP-2 group was simultaneously transfected with miR-221 mimic and TIMP-2 overexpression plasmids. The control group was transfected with the same amount of negative control plasmid. After transfection, the cells of each group were injected subcutaneously into the left forelimb to construct the corresponding 4 groups of NSCLC mouse models. The proliferation-related protein (Ki67) was detected by immunohistochemical staining to detected the effect of cell proliferation ability. Matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) and N-cadherin proteins in each group were tested by Western blotting to assess and compare the abilities of migration and invasion. The levels of miR-221, TIMP-2 and Akt/ mTOR pathways in bone marrow and tumor tissues were detected by Real-time PCR and Western blotting. Results When co-transfected with wild type(WT)-TIMP-2 and miR-221 mimic, the relative luciferase activity in the cells reduced significantly (P<0. 05). Compared with the control group, the tumor mass, volume, Ki67, MMP-2 and N-cadherin protein expression levels, miR-221 and Akt/ mTOR pathway levels were increased significantly, while the levels of TIMP-2 mRNA and protein were significantly reduced in the mimic group (P<0. 05). Compared with the control group, the levels of TIMP-2 mRNA and protein in the TIMP-2 group increased significantly, while the other indicators decreased significantly (P<0. 05). Tumor tissue mass, volume, Ki67, MMP-2, Ncadherin, miR-221 and Akt/ mTOR pathway levels in mimic+TIMP-2 group were significantly lower than those in the mimic group and significantly higher than those in the TIMP-2 group, while TIMP-2 mRNA and protein levels were significantly higher than those in the mimic group and significantly lower than those in the TIMP-2 group (P<0. 05). Conclusion In the NSCLC transplanted tumor mouse model, miR-221 may mediate the Akt/ mTOR pathway by targeting the expression of TIMP-2 protein to promote cell proliferation, migration and invasion.

Effect of Chidamide on the Killing Acitivity of NK Cells Targeting K562 Cells and Its Related Mechanism In Vitro / 中国实验血液学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the effect of chidamide on the killing activity of NK (Natural killer cell, NK) cells targeting K562 cells and its related mechanism.@*METHODS@#K562 cells were pretreated with chidamide at different concentrations and cocultured with NK cells at different effect-target ratios. The killing effect of chidamide on K562 cells by NK cells, the expression of natural killer group 2 member D (NKG2D) ligands and apoptosis rate of K562 cells were detected by flow cytometry.@*RESULTS@#The killing sensitivity of NK cells to K562 cells could be enhanced by chidamide. The expression of ULBP2 on K562 cell surface could be up-regulate, however, the expression of ULBP1 and MICA/MICB showed no statistically difference as compared with control group. Chidamide showed no obvious cytotoxicity to K562 cells.@*CONCLUSION@#Chidamide can significantly improve killing efficiency of NK cells on K562 cells, which may be related to the up-regulation of ULBP2 expression.

Phenylalanine hydroxylase gene mutations analysis on phenylketonuria patients of Han Chinese people in Huaihai region / 中华实用儿科临床杂志

Objective To determine the spectrum of mutations responsible for Phenylalanine hydroxylase (PAH) deficiency on phenylketonuria (PKU) patients of Han Chinese people in the Huaihai region of central China.Methods One hundred and one patients diagnosed with PKU were referred to Xuzhou Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital for genetic counseling/analysis from January 2003 to December 2013.Thirteen exons of PAH gene mutations,as well as their flanking introns,were identified in 202 of chromosomes using polymerase chain reaction-single strand conformation polymorphism(PCR-SSCP) and sequencing.Results (1) The spectrum was composed of 24 different mutation types,which had been submitted to the National Center for Biotechnology Information(NCBI) dbSNP databases under accession number SS#2137543837_SS#C2137543860.(2)The most commonly affected region was exon 7 and its flanking introns.The most prevalent mutations were c.728G ＞ A (p.R243Q),followed by c.721C ＞ T (p.R241C),c.1155G ＞ C(p.L385L),c.1068C ＞ A(p.Y356X),c.-71A ＞ C(-71A ＞ C) and c.60 + 62C ＞ T (IVS1 +62C ＞T),accounting for 18.317％,8.416％,4.950％,3.960％,3.465％ and 2.970％ of the mutant chromosomes,respectively.(3)Two novel mutations were identified in PAH gene in PKU patients of Han Chinese people:c.60+62C＞T(IVS1 +62C ＞T) and c.782G ＞T(p.R261L).Conclusions The vast majority of PAH mutations identified corresponded to those observed for the PKU populations in the other regions in China,whereas a few are considerably different from others.The mutational spectrum of PAH gene found in patients with PKU in the Huaihai region exhibit regional association.

Expression of COX-1 and COX-2 in the Platelet of Iron Deficiency Anemia Women at Childbearing Age and Its Clinical Significance / 中国实验血液学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To detect the expression level of cyclooxygenase-1（COX-1） and cyclooxygenase-2（COX-2） in the platelet of iron deficiency anemia（IDA）women at childbearing age and to explore its correlation with the different indexes of anemia and platelets.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Forty female IDA patients at childbearing age and 35 healthy controls were enrolled in this study. The Flow cytometry was used to detect the expression of platelet COX-1 and COX-2，the platelet aggregation function as examined by turbidimetric method，and the levels of serum ferritin were analyzed by electrochemical luminescence method，the leval of serum iron was determined by ELISA，and the correlation of different indexes was analyzed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Compared with healthy controls，the levels of platelet COX-1 and COX-2 were significantly lower in female IDA patients at Childbearing age（P<0.05），but platelet count（Plt），mean platelet volume（MPV） and platelet aggregation rate（PAgT）were not statistically different between the 2 groups（P > 0.05）. The expression level of platelet COX-1 positively correlated with those of Hb（r =0.623，P<0.01），serum iron（r =0.321，P<0.05） and HCT（r=0.305，P<0.05）. but the platelet COX-2 expression did not corelate with these indexs.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The expression of platelet COX-1 and COX-2 in female IDA patients at Childbearing age markedly decrease，and the expression level of platelet COX-1 closely relates with the severity of anemia，that possesses reference value for clinical diagnosis of female IDA patients at Childbearing age..</p>

Protective effects of Dahuang Zhechong Pills on mice with alcohol-induced liver fibrosis / 中成药

AIM To investigate the protective effects of Dahuang Zhechong (DHZC) Pills (Rhei Radix et Rhizoma,Eupolyphaga seu Steleophaga,Hirudo,etc.) against alcoholic liver fibrosis (ALF) injury in mice and to explore the underlying mechanisms.METHODS C57BL/6 male mice were used to build up ALF injury model,intervened with DHZC Pills.The serum of mice was examined for changes in alanine transaminase (ALT),aspartate aminotransferase (AST),interleukin-6 (IL-6),interleukin-10 (IL-10),interferon-γ (IFN-γ) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α).Simultaneously,the deposit of collagen 1 (COL-1) and apoptotic cell death in liver tissues were analyzed by immunofluorescent and TUNEL assay,respectively.The expressions of cleaved caspase-3 (CC3) in livers were measured by Western blot.RESULTS Compared with the model group,the levels of serum ALT,AST,IL-6,IFN-γand TNF-α of mice in DHZC group were decreased significantly.And the level of serum IL-10 of mice in DHZC group was increased significantly.Mice in DHZC group had higher rates of COL-1 deposition and apoptotic cell death in liver tissues than those in the model group.Mice treated with DHZC Pills showed lower expression of CC3.CONCLUSION DHZC Pills confers protection against ALF injury in mice by inhibiting the generation of COL-1 and down-regulating apoptosis of liver cells death as a result of adjusting the levels of inflammatory factors.

Establishment and application of dual real-time fluorescent RT-PCR method for detection of Enterovirus / 重庆医学

Objective To develop a dual real-time fluorescent RT-PCR method for rapid detection of enterovirus(EV)and en terovirus type 71(EV71).Methods Specific primers and probes were designed and the dual real-time fluorescent RT-PCR reaction system was established.The quantitative standard curve was drawn;its sensitivity and precision were evaluated.Feces and throat swab specimens of 109 clinical patients with hand foot and mouth disease were collected and tested by using this method.Then the obtained results were compared with those detected by commercial EV71 PCR kit.Results The relative coefficient(2)of EV and EV71 standard curve established by the dual real-time fluorescent RT-PCR method were both 0.998.Its sensitivity reached 0.5 TCID50/mL for detecting EV and 0.05 TCID50/mL for detecting EV71.The within-run precision for detecting EV and EV71 was ＜3％ and total precision≤4％.The results showed good specificity for the detection of enterovirus and non-enterovirus.In 109 detected clinical samples,84 cases of EV positive samples were detected,in which 56 cases were EV71 positive with the total positive rate of 51.4 ％,which was consistent with the result of simple fluorescent RT-PCR commercialization kit(P=1.000).Conclusion The established dual real-time fluorescent RT-PCR method has high sensitivity and good stability,which has an important significance for early high throughput rapid diagnosis of hand foot and mouth disease.

Analysis of trace element levels in maternal blood of pregnant women according to different pregnancy and ages of pregnant women in Xuzhou area / 实用医学杂志

Objective To investigate the levels of trace element in calcium, magnesium, zinc, iron and copper in maternal blood of pregnant women of different pregnancy and ages of pregnant women , and its relation to the pregnancy the age of pregnant women. Methods Calcium, magnesium, zinc, iron and copper in serum in 10 131 cases of pregnant women (3 565 cases in the first pregnancy, 6 566 cases in second pregnancy) were measured. All cases (both first pregnancy and second pregnancy) were analysed according to three age periods (less than or equal to 25, 25 to 35 years old, more than or equal to 35). Results (1)Comparing to the cases in second pregnancy, Copper in serum of the cases in first pregnancy was lower, while zinc, magnesium and iron were higher (P 0.05). (2) For the cases in the first pregnancy in different age periods, all 5 kinds of trace elements were compared. Only the zinc level in serum in the groups of 25 ~ 35 years old and more than or equal to 35 years old was higher than that in the group of less than or equal to 25 years old (P 0.05). (3) For the cases in the first pregnancy in different age stages , all 5 kinds of trace elements were compared basis on the age periods. the zinc and iron levels in serum in the groups of 25 to 35 years and more than or equal to 35 years old were higher than those in less than or equal to 25 years old (P 0.05) was found in the other three kinds of trace elements in different age periods. Conclusions (1)There are differences in trace elements, magnesium, zinc, iron and copper, and no difference in calcium in the first and second pregnancy. (2)Trace elements in serum of pregnant women in different age periods are different. (3)According to the characteristics of various trace elements in serum of pregnant women of different pregnancy and age periods, trace elements shall be supplemented to meet the needs of the pregnant women and fetus.

Analysis of neonatal hyperphenylalaninemia screening and therapeutic effect in Xuzhou from 2003 to 2015 / 中华围产医学杂志

Objective To investigate the prevalence,clinical classification,treatment and prognosis of neonatal hyperphenylalaninemia(HPA) in Xuzhou area,China.Methods Infants born between July 1,2003 and July 1,2015 in Xuzhou area were investigated.Heel blood samples of neonates were collected at 72 hours after birth,and the concentration of blood phenylalanine(Phe) was determined by fluorescent quantitative method in Xuzhou Maternity and Child Health Care Station Neonatal Disease Screening Center.Differential diagnosis was performed in all 265 cases diagnosed as HPA by urinary pterin analysis and dihydropteridine reductase activity determination.The blood Phe concentration and mental development were followed up regularly in infants with HPA.Mutations of phenylalanine hydroxylase (PAH) gene were analyzed by gene sequencing.The relationship between blood Phe concentration and mental development was analyzed by Bivariate correlation analysis.Results (1) The prevalence of HPA in neonates in Xuzhou was 1/4 635.Among the 265 confirmed HPA cases,260 cases(98.11％) had PAH deficiency,including 90(33.96％) classical phenylketonuria(PKU),84(31.70％) mild PKU and 86(32.45％) mild HPA.The other five patients(1.89％) diagnosed with tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4) deficiency all had 6-pyruvoyl tetrahydropteim synthase(PTPS) deficiency.(2) Among the 265 HPA cases,26 cases refused any treatment,including five cases of PTPS deficiency and 21 cases of PKU.Of the five patients with PTPS deficiency,two died and the other three had normal mental and physical development.Twenty-one PKU patients who refused treatment had mental retardation of various degrees.Among 153 PKU patients who received medical treatment,three died and 12 were lost to follow-up.(3) For 138 PKU patients who received dietary treatment and follow-up,the ages at the last visit were two months to 12 years,116 of them had normal mental development,the remaining 22 patients had mental retardation,and a negative correlation was observed between mental development and the average Phe concentration.(4) Thirty-five patients with PAH deficiency underwent gene sequencing,and 22 kinds of mutations of PAH gene were detected.Conclusions The prevalence of HPA in Xuzhou area is higher than the average national level.With early diagnosis and standard treatment,most of PKU neonates can have normal mental development.Phe level control is an important factor for mental development.

Discussion on Common Deviation in TCM Dispensing and Corresponding Measures / 中国中医药信息杂志

Objective To discuss the common deviation in TCM dispensing and corresponding measures. Methods Totally 103 cases of TCM deviation happened in the TCM dispensary of outpatient clinic in our hospital from September 2012 to September 2014 were selected. Retrospective analysis was conducted to analyze case related data collation and factors that affect the quality of TCM dispensing. Corresponding measures for each factor were designed.Results Age and gender of all the 103 cases showed no influence on the statistics of TCM deviation in the study. Among the 103 cases of TCM deviation, 41 cases were caused by factors about medicine. Among the 41 cases, 9 cases were about similar packaging; 12 cases were about similar medicine names; 2 cases were about quality problems; 18 cases were about lack of standardization in medicine placement. 33 cases were caused by factors about deployment, among which, 8 cases were about dosage error, 8 cases were about waste in the preparation process of TCM decoction pieces, 17 cases were about replacement of TCM decoction pieces. 29 cases were caused by factors about prescriptions, among which, 13 cases were about errors of prescription entering deviation, 11 cases were about prescription examining deviation, 5 cases were about ignorance of prescription footnotes. Conclusion Common deviation in TCM dispensing and the reasons are complicated. Timely and correct measures targeting them should be taken to improve the quality of TCM dispensing and guarantee safety.

Evaluating patients' perception of service quality at hospitals in nine Chinese cities by use of the ServQual scale

Objective: To investigate patients' perception of service quality at hospitals in nine Chinese cities and propose some measures for improvement. Methods: The ServQual scale method was used in a survey involving patients at outpatient and in-patient facilities in Shanghai, Chongqing, Chengdu, Nanning, Guilin and Laibin of Guangxi, Honghezhou of Yunnan, Wulumuqi of Xinjiang and Zhongshan of Guangdong. The data collected were entered and analyzed using SPSS 20.0. Statistical analyses included descriptive statistics, factor analyses, reliability analyses, productmoment correlations, independent-sample t-tests, One-way ANOVA and regression analyses. Results: The Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin value for the factor analysis of the scale was 0.979. The Cronbach's α for the reliability analysis was 0.978. All the Pearson correlation coefficients were positive and statistically significant. Visitors to out-patient facilities reported more positive perception than visitors to in-patient facilities on tangibles (t = 4.168, P < 0.001) and reliability (t = 1.979, P < 0.05). Patients of 60 years of age and above reported more positive perception than those between 40 and 49 on reliability (F = 3.311, P = 0.010), assurances (F = 2.751, P < 0.05) and empathy (F = 4.009, P = 0.003). For the five dimensions of the scale, patients in Laibin, Guangxi reported the most positive perceived service quality, followed by patients in Shanghai. On the other hand, patients in Chongqing and Nanning and Guilin of Guangxi reported relatively poor perceptions of service quality. Standardized regression coefficients showed statistically significant (P < 0.001) positive values for all ServQual dimensions. Empathy (β = 0.267) and reliability (β = 0.239) most strongly predicted perception of service quality. Conclusions: Chinese patients perceived service quality as satisfactory. Hospitals in various regions of China should enhance their awareness and ability to serve their patients.

Status analysis on child neglect of rural pupils aged 6-11 year-old in China / 中华预防医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To analyze pupils' neglect status aged 6-11 years in China's rural.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>According to the principle of multi-stage stratified cluster sampling, to extract 7,943 pupils aged 6-11 years for the survey from 56 primary schools in 28 counties in nine provinces, from December 2012 to March 2013. Proceed questionnaire survey by the scale from "Neglect Evaluation Norms for pupils aged 6-8 years in Rural Areas of China" and "Neglect Evaluation Norms for pupils aged 9-11 years in Rural Areas of China". And analyze neglect rates and neglect degrees of the different grades, gender, family types and different levels of neglect.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The total neglect rate of China's rural pupils aged 6-8 and 9-11 years was 40.2% (1,258/3,130) and 42.5% (1,498/3,526) respectively, which differences had no statistical significant (χ2=3.59, P=0.058); the total neglect degree was 46.04±8.87 and 44.78±10.43 respectively, which differences had statistical significant (t=5.01, P<0.001); the differences of neglect rates and neglect degrees between male (41.4% (657/1,587) and 46.28±8.76) and female (39.0% (601/1,543) and 45.78±8.97) of aged 6-8 were all no statistical significant (χ2=1.87, P=0.171; t=1.49, P=0.136); the neglect rates and neglect degrees of male (46.3% (816/1,763) and 45.53±10.11) were higher than female (38.7% (682/1,763) and 44.06±10.69) in the group of aged 9-11, which differences were all statistical significant (χ2=20.84, t=3.97, P<0.001); the male neglect rate in the group of aged 6-8 in social neglect (11.7% (198/1,691)) and the neglect degree in educational neglect (48.09±9.70) were higher than female (9.4% (155/1,648) and 47.37±9.89), which differences were all statistical significance (χ2=14.55, P<0.001, t=2.22, P=0.026), the male neglect rate in the group of aged 9-11 in physical neglect (20.4% (398/1,954)) was higher than female (16.7% (326/1 957)), which differences had statistical significance (χ2=8.92, P=0.003).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The neglect status of Chinese pupils aged 6-11 years in rural was serious, and we should find out risk factors and provide efficient prevention measures.</p>

Eukaryotic expression and characterization of mouse TSLP and HIV-1 gp120 BAL V1/V2 fusion protein / 中国免疫学杂志

Objective:To express fusion protein of mouse thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) and HIV-1 gp120BAL V1/V2 subdomain in 293F cell.Methods:Full length of the V1V2 sequence from BAL isolate was fused with the C-terminus of mouse thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) and sub-cloned into pCEP-Pu vector to construct the eukaryotic expression plasmid-pCTV1V2BAL.The recombinant plasmid was confirmed by enzyme digestion and sequencing , then transfected into 293 F cells using PEI as a transfection reagent .The fusion protein was purified by metal chelate affinity chromatography and characterized by SDS -PAGE and Western blot . The epitopes of V1/V2 in fusion protein were identified by ELISA .Results:The SDS-PAGE and Western blot results showed that there were highly heterogeneous glycoprotein bands at the site between 35 kD and 55 kD, which reacted with anti-mTSLP rabbit polyclonal antibody and anti-His tag mouse monoclonal antibody .The ELISA analysis showed that antibodies to V 1/V2BAL existed in the sera of HIV-1 positive patients.Conclusion:The mTSLP-V1/V2 fusion protein was successfully expressed in 293F cells, which may be useful for HIV-1 vaccine research .

Determination of five components in rongxin pills by HPLC / 中国中药杂志

To establish a method for determination contents of schizandrin, tanshinone I, cryptotanshinone, tanshinone II (A) and schizandrin B in rongxin pills. The HPLC method was performed on an Agilent C18. The mobile phase was composed of methnol and water wish gradient elution. The flow rate was 1.0 mL x min(-1). The column temperature was 30 degrees C and the detection wavelength wash 240 nm. The linear of schizandrin, tanshinone I, cryptotanshinone, Tanshinone II (A) and schizandrin B were 3.000-48.00 (r = 1.000), 3.985-63.76 (r = 0.999 9), 6.370-101.9 (r = 1.000), 8.690-139.0 (r = 0.999 9), 1.700-27.20 mg x L(-1) (r = 0.999 9), respectively. The average recoveries were 98.44%, 100.3%, 99.29%, 99.07%, 98.42%, and RSDs were 0.61%, 1.1%, 0.52%, 0.72%, 0.97%. The method is convenient, accurate and has good precision. It can be used for determination of the preparation.

Treatment of 37 Cases of Congestive Heart Failure with the Combination of Astragalus Injection,Danhong Injection and Nitroglycerin Injection / 国际中医中药杂志

Objective To observe the clinical efficacy of treating congestive heart failure with the combination of Astragalus,Danhong and Nitroglycerin injection.Methods 73 cases with congestive heart failure were selected.randomly recruited into a control group and a treatment group.The control group was treated with conventional therapy,and the treatment group was treated with Astragalus injection,Danhong and nitroglycerin injection on the basis of conventional mompy.Both groups were treated for one course of therapy of 21 days.Such indexes as clinical signs and symptoms,cardiac function,the amount of output per bo(SV),each sub-output(CO),cardiac index(CI),left ventricular ejection fraction(EF),and blood the rheology were observed before and after the treatment.Reselts The total effective ratewas 97.29%and 88.89%in the treatment group and the control group respectively,showing statistically differences between the two groups(P＜0.05):SV CO,CI and EF showed significant difference in both groups after the treatment(P＜0.01 or P＜0.05),and significant difference between the two groups(P＜0.05).Blood theology wag decreased after the treatment,and such clecreasing in the treatment was greater than that in the control group(P＜0.01).Conclusion The combination therapy of astragalus,Danhong injection and nitroglycerin injection is effective in treating congestive heart failure.

Effect of additives on the microstructure of machinable bioglass-ceramic / 中国组织工程研究

BACKGROUND:Machinable bioglass-ceramics became a new inorganic biomaterial; moreover, strength, toughness and machinability are significantly studied.OBJECTIVE: To observe the effect of ZnO, Fe2O3 and ZrO2 additives on the microstructure and properties of machinable bioglass-ceramic in K2O-MgO-CaO-SiO2-P2O5-F system.DESIGN: Observational contrast study.SETTING: Department of Orthopaedics, Tongji Hospital Affiliated to Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology.MATERIALS: The experiment was carried out in the Laboratory of Materials, Wuhan University of Technology from October 2003 to April 2004. K2O-MgO-CaO-SiO2-P2Os-F system, ZnO, Fe2O3 and ZrO2 additives, D/Max-ⅢA X-ray diffractometer (Japan), JSM-5610LV scanning electron microscope (SEM), HVS-1000 microhardnessmeter and 3257-35 magnetic testing device (Japan) were used in this study.METHODS: In the glass-ceramic of K2O-MgO-CaO-SiO2-P2O5-F system, three kinds of additives ZnO, ZnO-Fe2O3 and ZnO-Fe2O3-ZrO2 were added respectively. These three kinds of ceramics were prepared by being melted at 1 400 ℃ for 1 hour. After fire, crystal temperature was set based on differential thermal analysis curve. ① Physical properties: Microhardness was determined with microhardnessmeter (HVS-1000). The flexural strength and fracture toughness were established measured with ceramic mechanical test system (MTS) method and single edge notched beam (SENB) method, respectively. Saturation magnetic moment and Curie temperature were determined with 3257-35 magnetism test machine made in Japan. Holing method was used to measure machinability. ② Test of crystalline phase and microstructure: Crystalline phase analysis was carried out with X-ray diffraction (XRD: D/Max-ⅢA) and microstructure analysis were conducted on an etched fracture surface using SEM (JSM-5610LV,Japan). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Effects of ZnO, Fe2O3 and ZrO2 additives on physical properties, mineral composition and crystalline phase.RESULTS: ① The addition of ZnO to the glass-ceramic in K2O-MgO-CaO-SiO2-P2O5-F system was beneficial to crystal growth, increasing aspect ratio of crystal, decreasing microhardness and improving toughness and machinability. ② The addition of ZnO-Fe2O3 to the glass-ceramic in K2O-MgO-CaO-SiO2-P2O5-F system can form minority Mg-Zn ferrite with magnetism. The main crystalline phase present in the glass- ceramic was diopside with small size and hardness was improved, which led to worse machinability. ③ Because of the addition of ZnO-Fe2O3-ZrO2, magnesia fluormica and fluorapatite became the main crystalline phases, and the minor phases including Mg-Zn ferrite, t-ZrO2 and m-ZrO2, etc.also presented in the glass-ceramic. This material possessed high strength and toughness, good machinability and magnetism, which could stimulate formation of new bone, and was good substitute of bone restorations. Bioassay and in vitro test indicated that the glass-ceramic in K2O-MgO-CaO-SiO2-P2O5-F system was bioactive and biocompatible. CONCLUSION: ZnO, Fe2O3 and ZrO2 additives play a significant role in changing crystalline structure, enhancing strength,toughness and machinability of machinable bioglass-ceramic and generating magnetism.

Protective effect of sevoflurane against focal cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats / 中华麻醉学杂志

Objective To investigate the protective effect of sevoflurane on the brain against focal ischemia-reperfusion(I/R)injury and its mechanism.Methods Twenty-four male SD rats weighing 250-300 g were randomly allocated into 3 groups(n=8 each):group Ⅰ sham operation;grouop Ⅱ I/R and group Ⅲ I/R + sevoflurane.The rats were anesthetized with intraperitoneal chloral hydrate 300 mg?kg~(-1).Middle cerebral artery occlusion(MCAO)was produced by insertion of a 4-0 mono-filament nylon thread with rounded tip at bifurcation of right common carotid artery into internal carotid artery.The nylon thread was advanced cranially until resistance was felt.The depth of insertion was 18-20 mm.After 3 h MCAO the thread was withdrawn to allow reperfusion.In group Ⅲ the animals inhaled 1.0 MAC sevoflurane for 30 min at 30 min before reperfusion.The rectal temperature of the animals was kept at 36.5-37.5℃.At the end of 24 h reperfusion the animals were weighed again.The animals'neurological deficit was evaluated using Zea Longa score(0=no defcit,4=unable to walk and unconscious).The animals were then killed.The neuronal apoptosis in striatum was assessed(TUNEL)and the PKC protein expression in striatum was determined by immunocyto-chemistry.Results The body weight of the animals in I/R group was significantly reduced after 24h reperfusion as compared to the body weight before ischemia (P＜0.01),while in control group and sevoflurane group there was no significant difference in the body weight before and after sham operation or I/R.The neurological deficit scores were significantly higher in I/R group than in sevoflurane group.The number of apoptotic neurons in striatum was significantly higher in I/R group than in sevoflurane group.The PKC expression in striatum was significantly higher in sevoflurane group than in I/R group (P＜0.01).Conclusion 1.0 MAC sevoflurane inhalation has protective effect on the brain against I/R injury. Upregulation of PKC expression in striatum decreased by I/R is involved in the mechanism.