Differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells induced by alveolar epithelial cells of rats exposed to silica dust / 中国职业医学

OBJECTIVE: To observe whether bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell( BMMSC) could be induced by alveolar epithelial cell( AEC) of rats exposed to silica dust or not. METHODS: BMMSCs were isolated and cultivated from 6specific pathogen free healthy male SD rats through bone marrow adherent method. The AECs from other 6 rats randomly selected from the same batch were cultivated by immune adherent purification method. Three rats were treated with 1. 0 m L( 40 g/L mass concentration) of silicosis dust suspension by one time intratracheal injection as silicosis dust exposure model,and the other 3 rats were given 0. 9% sodium chloride solution as normal. Experimental group was the co-culture of BMMSCs and AECs from silicosis dust exposure rats. Control group A was the co-culture of BMMSCs and AECs from normal rats. Control group B was the culture of BMMSCs alone. The morphology changes were observed by the inverted phase contrast microscope at the time points of the 4th and the 8th day. Double immunofluorescence staining using aquaporin 5( AQP5) and surfactant protein C( SP-C) was performed on the treated BMMSCs. The fluorescence staining was observed using the inverted fluorescence microscope( IFM) and laser scanning confocal microscope( LSCM). Integral optical density( IOD) analysis was conducted on fluorescence of 2 kinds of proteins by Image-pro plus 6. 0 graphic analysis software. RESULTS: After the co-culture,the BMMSCs in experimental group and control group A changed from long spindle shape to cubic and polygonal shape,the variation of morphology on day 8 was more obvious than that on day 4,and the change in control group A was less obvious than that of experimental group. There was no obvious morphology change in BMMSCs of control group B. By IFM and LSCM,on day 4 and day 8,the expression of green fluorescence AQP5 and red fluorescence SP-C were all observed in BMMSCs of experimental group and control group A. The BMMSCs of control group B only showed a little green fluorescence expression of AQP5,no expression of red SP-C fluorescence was seen. Both by IFM and LSCM,on day 4 and day 8,the 2 kinds of IOD of BMMSCs in experiment group were higher than those of control group A and B at the same time points( P < 0. 01); the IOD of control group A was higher than that of control group B at the same time point( P < 0. 01). The IOD of experiment group and control group A on day 8 were higher than those on day4 in the same group( P < 0. 01). CONCLUSION: AEC of rats exposed to silica dust can effectively induce BMMSC to be differentiated into AEC.

Umbilical cord blood mesenchymal stem cell transplantation for Parkinson’s disease:a feasibility study / 中国组织工程研究

BACKGROUND:Stem cel s can be induced to differentiate into dopaminergic neurons in vivo and in vitro, which provides a theoretical basis for stem cel transplantation in the treatment of Parkinson’s disease OBJECTIVE:To explore the feasibility and mechanism of intracerebral transplantation of umbilical cord blood mesenchymal stem cel s for treatment of Parkinson’s disease rats. METHODS:Intracerebral injection of 6-hydroxydopamine was used to make Parkinson’s disease models in SD rats. Twenty-two model rats were randomized into cel transplantation group (n=12) and control group (n=10) and respectively injected intracerebral y with umbilical cord blood mesenchymal stem cel suspension and PBS. At 1-8 weeks after cel transplantation, intra-abdominal injection of apomorphine was performed every week to observe the rotation behaviors of rats;at the 2nd and 8th weeks, rat’s striatum and substantia nigra were taken for immunohistochemistry staining. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The rotation behaviors were gradual y decreased with time in the cel transplantation, but had no changes in the control group. At 3-8 weeks after transplantation, there were significant differences in the rotation behaviors between the two groups (P<0.05). At 2 weeks after transplantation, tyrosine hydroxylase-positive cel s were found within and around the striatum of the cel transplantation group;but there were no exogenous cel s in the control group. At 8 weeks after transplantation, there were stil active cel s and tyrosine hydroxylase-positive cel s in the striatum of cel transplantation group, and there was no tyrosine hydroxylase expression in the striatum of the control group. These findings suggest that transplanted umbilical cord blood mesenchymal stem cel s can survive in the brain that are positive for tyrosine hydroxylase, which can improve the behavior abnormalities of Parkinson’s disease rats.

Comparative study of endoscopic mucous resection with transparent cap and endoscopic multi-band mucosectomy for early esophageal cancer and precancerous lesion / 中华胃肠外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the efficacy and safety of endoscopic mucous resection with transparent cap (EMR-Cap) and endoscopic multi-band mucosectomy (MBM) in the treatment of early esophageal cancer and precancerous lesion.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A retrospective study was performed to review 30 EMR-Cap cases from December 2008 to December 2009 and 32 MBM cases from January 2010 to January 2011 of early esophageal cancer and precancerous lesions. The differences between these two techniques in efficacy, safety, and cost were compared.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>In EMR-Cap group, the median resection time was 26(10-56) min and median procedure time was 43(22-81) min, significantly longer than those in MBM group [10(7-18) min and 32(28-45) min, P=0.036 and 0.038, respectively]. There were no significant differences between the two groups in total thickness and depth of resected lesions (P>0.05). In EMR-Cap group, the median cost was significantly higher than that of MBM group [(5466±354) vs. (4014±368) RMB, P=0.008)].</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>EMR-Cap and MBM are minimally invasive, safe and effective methods in the treatment of early esophageal cancer and precancerous lesions. Compared to the EMR-Cap, MBM is simple with shorter treatment time and lower cost.</p>

Observation of long-term efficacy of visco-supplementation with sodium hyaluronate in treating knee osteoarthritis / 中国骨伤

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To retrospectively analyze the long-term efficacy of intra-articular injection with sodium hyaluronate for the treatment of knee osteoarthritis.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>From January 2006 to August 2007,120 patients (181 knees) with knee osteoarthritis, (mild 61 knees, moderate 72 knees, severe 48 knees), were treated by intra-articular injection with sodium hyaluronate, 2 ml every week for 5 weeks. The clinical effects were analyzed according to VAS, JOA scoring before treatment, at the 1 month, 1, 2 years after treatment.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>(1) VAS scores were respectively (7.26 +/- 1.83), (1.85 +/- 1.21), (2.54 +/- 1.40), (3.07 +/- 1.51) scores before treatment, at the 1 month, 1 and 2 years after treatment. There was significant difference between every post-treatment and pre-treatment. (2) JOA scoring of knee function was respectively (18.7 +/- 6.6), (84.3 +/- 15.5), (75.4 +/- 22.4), (64.8 +/- 25.6) scores before treatment, at the 1 month, 1 and 2 years after treatment. There was significant difference between every post-treatment and pre-treatment. (3) Assessment of long-term efficacy among 181 knees who were followed up 1 year, 70 cases got excellent results, 54 good, 34 fair and 23 poor. Those who were followed up 2 years,40 cases got excellent results, 54 good, 53 fair and 34 poor. Knee function became poor along with time-lapse. The efficiency was respectively 86.89% (53/61), 79.17% (57/72), 54.17% (26/48) in mild knees, moderate knees, severe knees at the 2 years after treatment.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The long-term efficacy of intra-articular injection with sodium hyaluronate is satisfactory in treating knee osteoarthritis. The efficacy is better for mild and moderate osteoarthritis than for the severe osteoarthritis. The short-term efficacy is acceptable and the long-term one is worse for the severe knees.</p>

Effects of inhibition of ANG-2 expression in Ishikawa cell line / 中华医学遗传学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the effect of RNA interference mediated angiopoietin-2 (ANG-2) gene silencing on human endometrial carcinoma cell line Ishikawa.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Short hairpin RNA (shRNA) targeting ANG-2 gene was designed and transfected into Ishikawa cells with Lipofectamine 2000. The mRNA and protein expression level of ANG-2, proliferation, morphological changes, apoptosis, cell cycle and invasive ability of the cells after transfection were analyzed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The shRNA targeting the human ANG-2 gene effectively decreased the expression of ANG-2 on both mRNA and protein level, the proliferation inhibition rate of the Ishikawa cells was 63.11%, cell apoptosis was induced, and the cell cycle was arrested in G1 phase. The apoptotic rate of the Ishikawa cells in the transfected group was significantly higher, and the invasive ability was decreased markedly, than that of control groups.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The shRNA targeting human ANG-2 gene could reduce ANG-2 expression, inhibit cellular growth and invasion in Ishikawa cells in vitro.</p>

Diagnostic value of transbronchial needle aspiration combined with transesophageal endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration in mediastinal and pulmonary hilar lesions / 中华肿瘤杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the value of transbronchial needle aspiration (TBNA) combined with transesophageal endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration (EUS-FNA) in the diagnosis of mediastinal and pulmonary hilar lesions as well as in the lymph node staging (N staging) of lung cancer.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>129 patients with mediastinal and pulmonary hilar lesions underwent either TBNA or EUS-FNA with cytological needle aspiration. The samples obtained from TBNA or EUS-FNA were examined by both cytologiy and histopathology.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Of the 129 patients, 59 underwent TBNA and 70 EUS-FNA. The diagnostic rate were 84.7% (50/59) by TBNA and 94.3% (66/70) by EUS-FNA, resepectively. The diagnosis of 116 (89.9%) patients were confirmed by either TBNA or EUS-FNA. The pathological and cytological diagnostic rates were 92.2% (107/116) and 88.0% (102/116), resepectively. The diagnostic rate was elevated by 8.4% (9/107) through pathological examination. The histological classification rates by cytological and pathological examination were 73.8% (76/116) and 89.3% (92/103), respectively. The diagnostic rate of histological classification was elevated by 35.5% (27/76) through pathological examination.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The combination of TBNA and EUS-FNA can improve the diagnostic rate for wider mediastinal and pulmlonary hilar lesions. Pathological examination of the samples obtained from the TBNA and EUS-FNA can elevate not only the rate of diagnosis but also the rate of histological classification.</p>

Mechanisms of improvement of left ventricle remodeling by trans-planting two kinds of autologous bone marrow stem cells in pigs / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>The necrosis of a large number of myocardial cells after acute myocardial infarction (AMI) results in a decrease of cardiac function and ventricle remodeling. Stem cell transplantation could improve cardiac function after AMI, but the involving mechanisms have not been completely understood. The present study aimed to investigate the effects of transplantation of autologous bone marrow mononuclear cells (BM-MNC) and mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) via the coronary artery on the ventricle remodeling after AMI as well as the mechanisms of the effects of transplantation of different stem cells on ventricle remodeling.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A total of 36 male pigs were enrolled in this study, which were divided into 4 groups: control group, simple infarct model group, BM-MNC transplantation group, and MSCs transplantation group. At 90 minutes when a miniature porcine model with AMI was established, transplantation of autologous BM-MNC ((4.7 +/- 1.7) x 10(7)) and MSCs ((6.2 +/- 1.6) x 10(5)) was performed in the coronary artery via a catheter. Ultrasound, electron microscope, immunohistochemical examination and real time reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction were used respectively to observe cardiac functions, counts of blood vessels of cardiac muscle, cardiac muscle nuclear factor (NF)-kappaB, myocardial cell apoptosis, and the expression of the mRNA of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) in cardiac muscles. Multivariate Logistic regression was used to analyze the correlation factors of left ventricular end-diastolic diameter (EDD).</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The number of blood vessels in the infarct zone and around its border in the BM-MNC transplantation group was more than those in the infarct model group and MSCs group (P = 0.0001) and there was less myocardial cell apoptosis in the stem cell transplantation group than that in the infarct model group (all P < 0.01). The positive rate of NF-kappaB in the stem cell transplantation group was lower than that in the infarct model group (P = 0.001). The gene expression of VEGF in the infarct border zone of the BM-MNC group was higher than that in the MSCs group (P = 0.0001). The gene expression of bFGF in the infarct border zone in the MSCs transplantation group was higher than that in the infarct model group and the BM-MNC group (P = 0.0001). Left ventricular ejection fraction was inversely proportional to the apoptotic rate of myocardial cells and cardiac muscle NF-kappaB but positively correlated with the number of blood vessels and the expression of VEGF and bFGF in the infarct zone and infarct border zone. The Multivariate Logistic regression analysis on the factors influencing the left ventricular end-diastolic diameter after stem cell transplantation showed that the expression of VEGF mRNA in the cardiac muscles in the infarct zone, the number of apoptotic myocardial cells and the expression of NF-kappaB in the infarct border zone were independent factors for predicting the inhibitory effect on the dilation of left ventricular EDD after stem cell transplantation.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Transplantation of autologous BM-MNC and MSCs in pigs can improve the condition of left ventricular remodeling and recover the cardiac functions after AMI. The improvement of cardiac functions is related to the increase of blood vessels, the increased expression of VEGF and bFGF, the reduction of myocardial cell apoptosis, and the decrease of NF-kappaB level in cardiac muscle tissues after stem cell transplantation.</p>

Mechanism of hypothalamic effect in small intestine electro-activity of rats regulated by fructus aurantii immaturus / 中国中西医结合杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To observe the effect of Fructus Aurantii Immaturus (FAI) on the electro-activity of small intestines in rats, and evaluate the interrelations between the FAI regulating effect and choecystokinin (CCK) and somatostatin (SS).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Migrating myoelectric complex (MMC) cyclic period, the ratio of the active time to the cyclic period, and the number of the fast wave within the active time per minute were observed between FAI and the normal saline group by external alimentary canal electrodes; the CCK contents in dorsomedial hypothalamic nucleus (DMH), ventromedia hypothalamic nucleus (VMH), lateral hypothalamus area (LHA) and SS in VMH, LHA, paraventricular nucleus (PVN) by using immuno-chemistry technique and micro-image pattern quantitative analysis and scanning system.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The MMC cyclic period shortened, the ratio of the active time to the cyclic period increased and the number of the fast wave within the active time per minute increased in the FAI group, which showed significant difference from the normal saline group; CCK positive neurons were reduced in the areas of DMH, VMH and LHA, SS positive neurons were increased in the areas of VMH, LHA and PVN in the FAI gioup,which showed significant difference compared with the normal saline and the blank control group.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>FAI can stimulate the electro-reactivity of small intestines. The stimulative effect of FAI might be related to CCK and SS in hypothamus.</p>

Experimental study on the effect of Glycyrrhiza on small intestinal motility in rats / 中国应用生理学杂志

<p><b>AIM</b>To investigate the effects of glycyrrhiza decoction on migrating myoelectric complex (MMC) and gastrointestinal hormone in small intestine in rats.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>We observed MMC cycle,phase Ill duration,fast wave numbers of phase III of MMC in one minute, fast wave numbers of one cluster in phase III of MMC of small intestine of glycyrrhiza group and control group rats with electrophysiology method, and immunohistochemistry to examine relative content of serotonin (5-HT), substance p(SP) and vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP) in small intestinal chromophil (EC) and myenteric nerve plexus in small intestine of control group and glycyrrhiza group rats.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Compared glycyrrhiza group with control group,we found that glycyrrhiza was able to decrease fast wave numbers in one minute and fast wave numbers in one cluster in phase III of MMC of small intestine (P < 0.05), and evidently extend small intestinal cycle of MMC (P < 0.05), it also shortened the phase III III duration (P < 0.05) or made the phase III of MMC absent. Compared glycyrrhiza group with control group it was indicated that content of 5-HT in small intestinal mucous membrane and myenteric nerve plexus was evidently decreased (P < 0.05), and content of SP in myenteric nerve plexus of small intestine of rats was evidently decreased (P < 0.05), and content of VIP in small intestine of rats was evidently increased (P < 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Glycyrrhiza is able to inhibit small intestinal motility, this inhibition is related with the amount of 5-HT, SP, VIP secreted by small intestinal mucous membrane of rats.</p>

Clinical observation of cognitive rehabilitation on patients with mild vascular dementia / 中国康复理论与实践

@# ObjectiveTo observe the effect of cognitive rehabilitation on patients with mild vascular dementia. Methods60 patients with mild vascular dementia were randomly divided into cognitive rehabilitation group(Group A,30 cases) and non-cognitive group (Group B,30 cases).All patients in those groups received medical treatment and PT, OT and ST exercise,and Group A received cognitive rehabilitation exercise additionally. Before and after treatment, the cognitive ability was evaluated with Loewenstein Occupational Therapy Cognitive Assessment Battery (LOTCA) and activity of daily living (ADL) with Functional Independence Measure (FIM).ResultsGroup A significantly improved cognitive ability (P<0.01), ADL (P<0.05) and general subjective impression compared with Group B. Conclusions The cognitive rehabilitation exercise is effective on patients with mild vascular dementia.