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OBJECTIVE@#To observe the expression of GABA receptor mRNA in different brain regions of the central nervous system in chronic inflammatory pain rats and the intervention effect of electroacupuncture (EA).@*METHODS@#A total of 48 SPF male SD rats were randomly divided into a blank control group, a model control group, an EA group and a sham EA group, 12 rats in each group. The model of chronic inflammatory pain was established by injecting Freund's complete adjuvant into the foot. The EA group was treated with EA 28 days after the model establishment. The "Housanli" (ST 36) and "Kunlun" (BL 60) were selected and treated with dilatational wave, 2 Hz/100 Hz in frequency, 0.5-1.5 mA for 30 min; EA was given only once. In the sham EA group, the same acupoints were selected but the needles were only inserted into subcutaneous area; EA was connected for 30 min without electrical stimulation. The behavior changes of mechanical pain threshold and thermal pain threshold before model establishment, 1 day, 3 days, 7 days, 14 days, 21 days and 28 days after the model establishment as well as emotional behavior 29 days after the model establishment were observed; the relative expressions of GABA receptor mRNA in anterior cingulate cortex, amygdala and hypothalamus were observed.@*RESULTS@#Compared with the blank control group, the change rates of mechanical pain threshold and thermal pain threshold in the model control group were decreased significantly 1 day, 3 days, 7 days, 14 days, 21 days, 28 days after model establishment (0.05). Compared with the blank control group, the expression of GABA receptor mRNA in the amygdala was decreased significantly in the model control group (<0.01); compared with the model control group and the sham EA group, the expression of GABA receptor mRNA in amygdala was increased after intervention in the EA group (<0.01).@*CONCLUSION@#Single treatment of EA could significantly increase the mechanical pain threshold and thermal pain threshold, improve abnormal emotional behavior in rats with chronic inflammatory pain, which may be related to the increasing of expression of GABA receptor mRNA in the amygdala.
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Objective: To investigate the effect of fisetin (FIS) on foam cells by two-dimensional electrophoresis and mass spectrometry technology, and analyze the molecular mechanism of its inhibition. Methods: MTT method was used to detect the effect of ox-LDL on viability of RAW264.7 cells and fisetin on foam cells separately as well as chemical method was used to detect intracellular cholesterol ester, screening appropriate ox-LDL, and FIS concentration. Oil red O staining displayed accumulation of lipids changed by FIS in the foam cells. Then established proteomic maps of foam cells before and after treatment with FIS by bi-directional electrophoresis, mass spectrometry was adopted to identify differences in the expression of proteins. The expression of Cyt b5 was verified by Western blotting. Results: In our study, 20 μg/mL ox-LDL can successfully induce foam cells, as well as intervention of 100 μg/mL FIS would significantly decrease cholesterol ester and lipid accumulation within the foam cells. Proteomic experiment showed that foam cells treated by FIS had a lower expression of nuclear receptor, calreticulin and transcription elongation factor B, higher levels of glutathione S-transferase, cytochrome b5, Prelamin A/C, NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) 2 flavin protein, lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase, 78 kDa glucose regulation protein, supervillin, and heat shock protein 60. FIS can significantly improve the expression of Cyt b5 by WB. Conclusion: These data suggest that FIS can significantly inhibit foam cells formation by enhancing the cellular antioxidant and anti-inflammatory capabilities, reducing cellular stress response, as well as decreasing accumulation of intracellular cholesterol, regulation of apoptosis and enhanced immunity to prevent atherosclerosis.