RESUMO
Objective To analyze and analyze the causes of hypothermia after operation in patients with anesthesia recovery room and the nursing measures. Methods 68 cases of abdominal anesthesia surgery patients were divided into two groups randomly. The control group was given routine nursing measures, the experimental group was given nursing intervention measures, pay attention to the environmental factors, a reasonable adjustment of environmental temperature, hot water bag can be given when necessary, good oxygen nursing, prevention of shiver, warm. A comparative analysis of the experimental group and the control group of patients after rewarming time, temperature and shivering times index. Results After the corresponding nursing measures, the rewarming time of the experimental group was (30.90±2.32) min, significantly shorter than that of the control group (48.90±4.78) min, with statistical difference (P<0.05). The control group ran 19 times, the experimental group ran 6 times, with significant differences between the two groups (P<0.05). The stay time of the control group was (62.30±3.89) min, significantly longer than that of the experimental group, and the residence time was (38.90±5.78) min, with statistical difference (P<0.05). Conclusion Nursing measures for patients in anesthesia recovery room corresponding preventive care, shivering and heating nursing measures, can significantly reduce the number of warm, chills, shorten the thawing time.
RESUMO
Objective To analyze and analyze the causes of hypothermia after operation in patients with anesthesia recovery room and the nursing measures. Methods 68 cases of abdominal anesthesia surgery patients were divided into two groups randomly. The control group was given routine nursing measures, the experimental group was given nursing intervention measures, pay attention to the environmental factors, a reasonable adjustment of environmental temperature, hot water bag can be given when necessary, good oxygen nursing, prevention of shiver, warm. A comparative analysis of the experimental group and the control group of patients after rewarming time, temperature and shivering times index. Results After the corresponding nursing measures, the rewarming time of the experimental group was (30.90±2.32) min, significantly shorter than that of the control group (48.90±4.78) min, with statistical difference (P<0.05). The control group ran 19 times, the experimental group ran 6 times, with significant differences between the two groups (P<0.05). The stay time of the control group was (62.30±3.89) min, significantly longer than that of the experimental group, and the residence time was (38.90±5.78) min, with statistical difference (P<0.05). Conclusion Nursing measures for patients in anesthesia recovery room corresponding preventive care, shivering and heating nursing measures, can significantly reduce the number of warm, chills, shorten the thawing time.
RESUMO
Objective To investigate stress distributions on temporomandibular joint (TMJ) with different disc displacements through numerical simulation. Methods A three-dimensional finite element model of normal TMJ including the mandible, teeth, discs and articular cartilage was established according to CT images of a volunteer with asymptomatic joints. Base on the model, four corresponding models with the anterior, posterior, lateral and medial displacement of the disc were developed. Contact elements were considered to simulate the interaction between the discs and articular cartilages of the condyle and the temporal bone. Cable elements were used to simulate the ligaments and attachments of the disc. The muscle forces and boundary conditions corresponding to the centric occlusions were applied on the models. Results The maximum compressive stress occurred at the intermediate zone due to the anterior displacement of the disc, which was as high as 3.23 MPa. The stresses in the model with the posterior, lateral and medial displacements of the disc were higher than the model with the anterior displacement of the disc and healthy TMJ model. The stresses at the back of the articular eminences in four models with disc displacements were much higher than those in healthy TMJ model. However, the effects of disc displacements on the stresses of the condyles were not obvious. Conclusions Disc displacements could cause higher stresses in the discs and at the back of the articular eminences, especially in the model with the posterior, lateral and medial displacements of the disc, which was likely to cause damage to TMJ structure and function.
RESUMO
Objective To establish the model of dentulous mandible and straight wire appliance and investigate the stress and displacement distributions of the roots and periodontal tissues under en masse space closure with sliding mechanics. Methods The three-dimensional finite element model of mandible and teeth was developed from CT images, which consisted of the dentin, enamel, dental pulp, PDL (periodontal ligament), cortical and cancellous bone. The models of Roth straight wire brackets with actual data were also constructed. The dental adhesives were used to stick the brackets on the corresponding teeth. Contact elements were used to simulate the interaction between the stainless steel arch wire and the brackets. Moreover, spring elements were used to connect the brackets and the arch wire. The load with the value of 1 N was applied on the model to close the space. Results The lingual tipping of lateral and central incisors was found, corresponding with the clinical observation of en masse space closure with sliding mechanics. High stress in the teeth and periodontal tissue appeared at the incisors and the distal roots of the first molars. The maximum von Mises stresses in PDL of the central incisors and the distal roots of the first molars were 3.97 kPa and 5.75 kPa, respectively. Conclusions In order to avoid root resorption of incisors, the torque of the brackets could be increased. Less orthodontic forces or orthodontic implant could be used to avoid distal roots of first molars.
RESUMO
Objective To study the effects of cement base with different thickness on the stress distributions of restored tooth by finite element method. Method A three dimensional finite element model of a restored first mandibular molar with class 1 cavity was developed based on Micro CT. The thicknesses of cement base with light cured glass ionomer (Vitrebond) and self cured calcium hydroxide (Dycal) were chosen as 0.5 mm, 1.0 mm, 1.5 mm and 2.0 mm, respectively. Occlusal load of 250N was applied to compare the peak maximum and minimum principal stresses of the tooth, restoration and cement base in each model. Results With Dycal of 2mm, the peak maximum principal stress of the tooth was higher than its tensile strengths, and the peak maximum/minimum principal stress of the cement base was both higher than its tensile and compressive strength. Moreover, the peak maximum principal stress of the restoration was about 90% closer to its tensile strength with Dycal of 1.5 mm and 2 mm. With Vitrebond, it also showed that the peak maximum principal stress of the tooth, restoration and cement base appeared in the models with cement base of 1.5 mm and 2.0 mm. Conclusions To prevent the failure in restored tooth, it is advised to use thinner cement base, and the thickness of cement base should be considered from 0.5 mm to 1.0 mm in clinic.