Evaluation of application effect of two-way referral service in the referral and treatment of coronary disease / 中华健康管理学杂志

Objective:To evaluate the effect of two-way referral service in referral and treatment of patients with coronary disease.Methods:A non-randomized controlled study was used, 80 patients with coronary disease who were referred to the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University through the fast referral channel, also called green referral channel (GRC) of telemedicine service mode from January 2021 to January 2022 were selected as the GRC referral group. A propensity score was used to match 110 patients from the same period with coronary disease who were referred to this hospital through conventional medical channels and had similar basic conditions such as age, gender, region and medical insurance type as the conventional referral group. The differences in disease severity, referral time, hospitalization cost and other indicators were compared using t-test, χ2 test and nonparametric test between the two groups, and the satisfaction of the GRC referral group was investigated. Results:The proportion of patients with heart function grade Ⅲ (NYHA grading), heart failure, atrial fibrillation and interventional therapy in the GRC referral group was significantly higher than conventional referral group (all P<0.05). The total referral time and bed waiting time of patients in the GRC referral group were significantly shorter than conventional referral group [14.16 (9.62, 25.61) vs 34.39 (28.51, 49.68) h, 2.13 (0.83, 6.64) vs 24.58 (20.27, 27.68) h] ( Z=8.465, 9.172, all P<0.001). The hospitalization cost, surgical treatment cost and material cost in GRC referral group were significantly higher than conventional referral group [24 755 (11 559, 56 521) vs 14 700 (9 375, 29 534) CNY, 6 013 (2 096, 8 256) vs 2 562 (2 044, 6 154) CNY, 12 093 (1 267, 35 689) vs 1 329 (826, 16 125) CNY] ( Z=2.814, 2.917, 3.353, all P<0.05), and the diagnosis cost was significantly lower than conventional referral group [4 878 (3 628, 6 847) vs 5 719 (4 228, 7 639) CNY] ( Z=2.323, P<0.05). In the GRC referral group, the satisfaction rates with referral process, visit time and patient experience were all above 90%. Conclusion:Two-way referral service based on telemedicine has a good application effect in the referral and treatment of patients with coronary disease.

A plateform for management of atrial fibrillation based on internet and medical concortium / 中华全科医师杂志

In order to provide efficient medical care to atrial fibrillation patients in the community, the Huamu Community Health Service Center in association with its medical consortium, Renji Hospital have developed a novel atrial fibrillation management system. With the collaboration of general practitioners and specialist team from the tertiary hospital, a special clinic for atrial fibrillation has been set up in the community health service center, which is based on the internet technology and the medical consortium platform. This article introduces the development of this novel system and the initial outcome of the measures, to provide a reference for the management of atrial fibrillation patients in the community.

Application of failure mode and effect analysis in low-energy X-ray radiotherapy / 中华放射肿瘤学杂志

Objective:To explore the application of failure mode and effects analysis (FMEA) in low-energy X-ray intraoperative radiotherapy (IORT), analyze its potential risks in IORT, and preliminarily explore the feasibility of FMEA in optimizing IORT management and reducing the occurrence of potential risks.Methods:An FMEA working group was established by the IORT team (1 radiologist, 1 radiology physicist, 2 surgeons, and 2 nurses) to apply the FMEA methodology to conduct a systematic risk assessment. The process modules were established, the potential failure modes and causes for each module were analyzed, the severity (SR), frequency of occurrence (OR) and likelihood of detection (DR) of failure modes were scored and the risk priority number (RPN) was calculated: RPN= SR × OR × DR. The possible errors and potential clinical impact of each part of the radiotherapy process were prospectively analyzed and understood, the causes and current measures were analyzed for each failure mode and preventive measures were proposed and risk management measures were taken accordingly.Results:The IORT process was divided into 8 modules with 14 failure modes. The highest OR value was unsatisfactory target area confirmation (7 points), the highest SR value was equipment failure to discharge the beam (10 points), the highest DR value was wrong key entry after dose calculation (7 points), the highest RPN values were unsatisfactory target area confirmation (210 points) and ineffective protection of endangered organs (180 points). Weaknesses were corrected according to priorities, workflows were optimized and more effective management methods were developed.Conclusion:FMEA is an effective method of IORT management and contributes to reducing the occurrence of potential risks.

Value of three-dimensional speckle tracking echocardiography in evaluation of left ventricular diastolic function in elderly patients with heart failure / 中国医师杂志

Objective:To analyze the value of three-dimensional speckle tracking echocardiography (3D-STE) in evaluation of left ventricular diastolic function in elderly patients with heart failure (HF).Methods:130 elderly patients with heart failure (HF pEF) with preserved left ventricular ejection fraction in Gulou Hospital Affiliated to Medical College of Nanjing University from January 2018 to October 2019 were studied. All of them were examined by conventional ultrasound, 3D-STE and left-heart catheterization. Their cardiac three-dimensional full-volume dynamic images were collected and then analyzed with three-dimensional speckle tracking technique. The global longitudinal strain (GLS), global radial strain (GRS), global circumferential strain (GCS), and global area strain (GAS) were measured. According to the detected left ventricular end diastolic pressure (LVEDP), the patients were divided into the normal left ventricular diastolic function group (LVEDP≤15 mmHg) and the left ventricular diastolic dysfunction group (LVEDP>15 mmHg). The GLS, GRS, GCS and GAS of the two groups were compared. Pearson correlation analysis was performed to analyze the correlation between GLS, GRS, GCS, GAS and LVEDP, and ROC curves were used to analyze efficiencies of GLS, GRS, GCS and GAS in prediction of left ventricular diastolic dysfunction.Results:The absolute values of GLS, GRS, GCS and GAS of the left ventricular diastolic dysfunction group were lower than those of the normal left ventricular diastolic function group ( P<0.05). The GLS, GCS and GAS were positively correlated with LVEDP ( P<0.05), while GRS was negatively correlated with LVEDP ( P<0.05). The AUC values of GLS, GRS, GCS and GAS for predicting left ventricular diastolic dysfunction were 0.667, 0.775, 0.762 and 0.840, respectively. The sensitivities were 79.17%, 72.22%, 69.44% and 80.56%, specificities were 48.28%, 70.69%, 82.76% and 77.59%, accuracy rates were 65.38%, 71.54%, 75.38% and 79.23%, respectively. Conclusions:The 3D-STE-related strain parameters GLS, GRS, GCS and GAS can be used as ultrasound indexes for assessment of left ventricular diastolic function in elderly patients with HF pEF, which is helpful for early detection of changes in left ventricular diastolic function in elderly patients with HF.

Comparison on the 10 years risk for ischemic cardiovascular disease among Han, Uygur, Kazak population from Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region / 中华心血管病杂志

Objective@#To compare the 10 years risk for ischemic cardiovascular disease among Han, Uygur, Kazak nationality residents of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region.@*Methods@#From October 2007 to October 2010,14 618 adult (aged ≥35 years) Han (n=5 757),Uygur (n=4 767) and Kazak (n=4 094) residents were selected to join this study through the four-stage stratified cluster sampling method from 7 cities and regions of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region. The 10 years risk for ischemic cardiovascular disease was calculated according to the 10 years ischemic cardiovascular disease risk assessment form modified with Chinese characteristics and compared among the residents of 3 nationalities.@*Results@#(1) There were significant differences in age, body mass index, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure,fasting blood glucose,triglycerides,total cholesterol,low-density lipoprotein,high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, smoking history, and drinking history among Han, Uygur, Kazak nationality population (all P< 0.001). (2) There were significant differences in 10 years risk for ischemic cardiovascular disease between different gender and age group including 35-39, 40-44, 45-49, 50-54, 55-59, and ≥60 years old between Han, Uygur, Kazak nationality population (all P<0.001). (3) There were significant differences in rates of 10%-20% and>20% of 10 years risk for ischemic cardiovascular disease between different gender in Han, Uygur, Kazak nationality population (P values were 0.013 and <0.001, respectively). There were no significant differences in rates of <5% and 5%-9% of 10 years risk for ischemic cardiovascular disease between different gender in Han,Uygur,Kazak nationality population (all P>0.05).(4) There were significant differences in detection rates of diabetes,hypertension,smoking,hypertriglyceridemia,and obesity in male and female Han,Uygur,Kazak nationality population with 10 years risk for ischemic cardiovascular disease ≥10% (P<0.01 or 0.05). Meanwhile,there was significant difference in detection rates of hypercholesteremia in male Han, Uygur, Kazak nationality adults(P<0.001). There were no significant differences in detection rates of elevated low density lipoprotein cholesterol and reduced high density lipoprotein cholesterol in male and female Han,Uygur,Kazak nationality adults (all P>0.05).@*Conclusion@#There are gender and age differences in the 10 years risk for ischemic cardiovascular disease in ≥35 years old Han,Uygur,Kazak nationality adults from Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region.

Analysis of the onset time of acute aortic dissection and the influence of climate on acute aortic dissection occurrence in Urumqi city: a retrospective study of a single center / 中华危重病急救医学

Objective To observe the time characteristics of acute aortic dissection (AAD) in Urumqi and its peripheral areas in Xinjiang Uygur autonomous region, and to explore the effect of meteorological conditions on the onset of AAD.Methods Retrospective analysis of the related data of the adult AAD patients diagnosed by imaging examination, and admitted to the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University from March 2010 to July 2016 was performed. The onset time, the contemporaneous meteorological data, including daily minimum, average, and the highest temperature, daily average air pressure, daily average relative humidity, daily precipitation, daily average wind speed, daily maximum wind speed, and sunshine duration per day were collected. Analysis of concentrated distribution trend of the AAD onset was done by circular distribution statistics. Meteorological conditions were compared between the AAD day and no AAD day. The changes of air temperature 5 days before onset were observed.Results A total of 379 patients were enrolled, with 307 male and 72 female. The ratio of male to female was 4.19:1, the average age was 52.27±12.18; and the underlying diseases was hypertension (about 58.05%); the incidence sites were Urumqi and Changji city. ① The incidence of AAD in Urumqi and its peripheral areas had clear concentrated trend, and the peak period of AAD corresponded to January 1st to 2nd (homogeneity testr = 0.104,r0.05 = 0.009,P 20.4 ℃ groups, and each group had 104, 99, 98, 78 cases of AAD, respectively. The number of AAD in lowest temperature group was 1.33 times of the highest temperature group. In the 45-59 and 60-74 years, the number of AAD in lowest temperature group was higher than that in the highest temperature group (50 vs. 36, 26 vs. 13). In patients with hypertension, the number of AAD in lowest temperature group was higher than that in the highest temperature group (60 vs. 44). ⑤ The maximum air temperature, mean air temperature of the day from 5 days before to the onset day of AAD, and the lowest temperature from 3 days before to the onset day of AAD display slowly decrease trends, but there was no significant difference in daily temperature.Conclusions The incidence of AAD in Urumqi and its peripheral areas was concentrated from January 1st to 2nd of each year. When the temperature was lower than -5.2 ℃, AAD were more likely to attack. The 5 days changes of temperature and daily temperature before the attack were relevant with onset of AAD. It was speculated that the weather conditions such as air temperature may affect patient who has a past history of cardiovascular disease to attack AAD.

The clinical application of cerebrospinal fluid cytological examination / 中华检验医学杂志

Cerebrospinal fluid contains various types of cells,and in disease state,the appearance, disappearance and quantity of these cells will change significantly, the cell composition and morphology characteristic of cerebrospinal fluid have great clinical relevance.morphological observation and classification of cerebrospinal fluid provide accurate diagnosis, differential diagnosis, clinical observation and prognosis evaluation.for Central Nervous System(CNS)diseases,Especially for CNS infection and metastasis diseases,it is almost impossible to diagnose without reference to cerebrospinal fluid cytology.Therefore, cerebrospinal fluid cytology is simple, fast and effective, and its uniqueness, accuracy and determination cannot be replaced by simple cell classification.

Mechanism of the effect of rAd-APN gene on atherosclerosis in ApoE-/-mice / 中国实验动物学报

Objective Atherosclerosis ( AS) is a common pathological basis of cardiovascular diseases.Adiponec-tin ( APN) has been shown to have an anti-AS effect, and the underlying mechanisms, however, are largely unknown.Nu-clear transcription factorκB ( NF-κB) has also been regarded as a proatherogenic factor, mainly because of its regulation of a variety of the proinflammatory genes linked to AS.It is hypothesized that the inhibitory effects of APN on AS is through the inhibition of NF-κB signaling pathway.The aim of this study was to test the hypothesis via investigation and validation of the inhibitory effect of APN on AS in ApoE-/-mice, and to delineate the roles of NF-κB signaling pathway in modulating the APN effect on AS in vivo.Methods APN overexpression in ApoE-/-mice were mediated by transfecting adenovirus bearing a vector encoding for APN and enhanced green fluorescent protein ( Ad-APN-eGFP) .The AS in ApoE-/-mice was induced by feeding a high-fat diet.To validate the inhibitory effect of the adenovirus mediated APN overexpression on AS in the ApoE-/-mice.120 male ApoE-/-mice aged 12 weeks were randomly and evenly assigned into two groups (60 mice per group), and were fed with a high-fat diet to induce AS.At 0 day, 2, 4, and 6 weeks of high-fat diet feeding.The 2 groups of mice were injected intravenously in the tail with either 100 μL (3.0 ×108 p.f.u) of Ad-eGFP virus ( control group) or the same amount of Ad-APN-eGFP virus ( APN group) .Blood samples and aortic tissues were taken at 0 day, 4, and 8 weeks of high-fat diet feeding.For the blood samples, FABA was used to analyze the concentrations of blood lipids and ELIZA was used to test the concentrations of serum APN.For the aortic tissues, oil red O staining was used to detect the surface lesion percentage.Masson staining was used to evaluate the collagen content and fibrous cap thickness of the plaque area.Immunofluorescence method was used to detect APN and NF-κB p65 expression.Western blot was used to de-tect the expressions of APN,nuclear NF-κB p65 and the downstream factors of NF-κB pathway.Results APN inhibited the formation of atherosclerotic plaque in ApoE-/-mice.The lesion formation in aortic sinus was significantly inhibited ( P<0.01).Compared with the control group, the oil red O staining showed that the surface area ratio of atherosclerotic le-sions was decreased significantly in the Ad-APN group ( P<0.001 ): the percentage of surface lesions in the 4 weeks groups was 27.78 ±8.64 vs.33.02 ±5.18 (%);the 8 weeks groups was 31.58 ±5.87 vs.52.16 ±5.79 (%) .As the serum APN was increased,the concentration of TC, TG and LDL-C were significantly decreased( P<0.001 for all) , and the growth of body weight was slowed down(P<0.05).APN effectively inhibited the expression of NF-κB nuclear protein p65 and inflammatory factors.Conclusions Adiponectin reduces the inflammatory reactions in atherosclerosis through in-hibiting the NF-κB pathway.

Overexpression of β3-adrenoreceptor aggravates cardiac hypertrophy / 实用医学杂志

Objective To investigate the effect of β3-adrenoreceptor (β3-AR)overexpression on cardiac hypertrophy. Method Sprague-Dawley rat neonatal ventricular cardiomyocytes (NRVMs) were isolated and cul-tured in vitro.The infection of lentiviruswas examined after cardiomyocytes were infected with lentivirus at differ-ent multiplicity of infection (MOI) of 20、50、80 and 100. Fluorescence microscopy was used to observe the ex-pression of GFP and to confirm the best MOI for lentivirus infection. Following the enforced expression of β3-AR by lentivirus, 2uM norepinephrine (NE) was used to treatment the infected cardiomyocytes for 48h. Expressions of β3-AR、c-myc and c-fos protein in cardiomyocytes were detected by Western Blot. Results The results of fluorescence microscopy indicated that the best MOI was 50. The protein level of β3-AR was significantly in-creased in β3-AR overexpression group compared with the control group and the NE treatment group (P < 0.05). Following the treatment of NE , the expressions of c-myc and c-fos were also significantly increased in β3-AR overexpression group compared with the control group (P < 0.05). Conclusion Over-expression of β3-AR can aggravate cardiomyocyte hypertrophy.

Association of mean platelet volume with pulmonary artery hypertension associated with secundum atrial septal defect / 中国介入心脏病学杂志

Objective To observe changes in mean platelet volume ( MPV) and investigate its possibility as a predictor and influence in patients with pulmonary artery hypertension associated with secundum atrial septal defect (ASD-PAH) . Methods 627 patients who suffered from secundum ASD were included in the study from the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University Heart Center between January 2010 and March 2014. Patients were divided into two groups based on whether they had PAH or not (PAH group, n = 420 and non-PAH group, n = 207) . We also included 690 healthy people as a control group who received routine body check up at the same time. Examinations including complete blood count, serum biochemistry and ECG were done. Right heart catheterization examination was performed in patients who suffered from secundum ASD. Results The MPV was significantly higher in secundum ASD patients than in the control group [ (9. 4 ± 1. 6) fl vs. (8. 9 ± 1. 5) fl, P ﹤ 0. 001] . No significant difference was observed in MPV between PAH group and non-PAH group (P = 0. 268) . In univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis, age ( OR 1. 401, 95% CI 1. 087 to 1. 806, P = 0. 009), RV diameter (OR 1. 101, 95% CI 1. 026 - 1. 181, P = 0. 008) and ASD defect diameter (OR 1. 064, 95% CI 1. 013 - 1. 118, P = 0. 013) were associated with ASD-PAH. Conclusions Our study demonstrated that age, RV diameter and ASD defect diameter were associated with ASD-PAH. Platelet activation exists in ASD-PAH, but this may not be the precipitating cause that contribute to the pathogenesis of ASD-PAH. MPV at admission does not predict the risk of PAH in patients with secundum ASD.

Association between Tbx20 gene polymorphism and congenital atrial septal defects / 中华内科杂志

Objective To investigate the association between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SPN) of Tbx20 gene and congenital atrial septal defects (ASD) in the Xinjiang Han population.Methods A total of 214 ASD patients and 382 controls were included in the present study.Two SNPs (rs17675131,rs4720169) in Tbx20 gene were genotyped by TaqMan SNP genotyping method.Results The distribution of the rs17675131 of Tbx20 were significantly different between normal controls and ASD patients (P =0.014),in which both the A/G allele distribution (P =0.004) and the dominant model (GG vs AG + AA) were significantly different between the 2 groups (P =0.007,OR =0.626).Same is true for the rs4720169 SNP.Its genotype showed significantly different distributions between the 2 groups (P =0.016) specifically for the A/G allele distribution frequencies (P =0.016) and the recessive model (AA vs AG + GG) (P =0.008,OR =1.96).The A-A haplotype was found to be associated with ASD.Conclusion Both rs17675131 and rs4720169 of Tbx20 gene are associated with congenital ASD in the Xinjiang Han population in China.

Cultured cardiomyocytes identificaiton and different methods of extractingβ3-AR membrane protein comparison / 天津医药

Objective To optimize primary cultures techniques of isolating neonatal rat cardiomyocytes and to com?pare three different methods of extractingβ3-adrenergic receptor(β3-AR)membrane protein from cultured neonatal rat car?diomyocytes. Methods TypeⅡcollagen and differential velocity adhesion were used to collect primary cardiomyocytes. To?tal protein method, ultracentrifugation method, extract kit method were used to isolate cardiomyocytesβ3-AR membrane pro?teins. The BCA method was applied for protein quantification. Relative content ofβ3-AR membrane protein and GADPH in the sample were examined by western blot. Results Optimizing culture and isolation skills can produce a great quantity of cardiomyocytes in high concentration.The kit method acquired a higher level of protein concentration(8.26±0.29)g/L than to?tal protein method(5.12±0.47)g/L does than ultracentrifugation method(3.20±0.37)g/L does all of which were with signifi?cant difference(P < 0.05). The concentration of β3-AR membrane protein was higher if obtained by kit method(0.22 ± 0.05)than ultracentrifugation method(0.09 ± 0.03)than total protein method (0.01 ± 0.01) with significant difference(P <0.05). Conclusion optimizing methodology can obtain abundant myocardial cells in high concentraion. The kit method of isolating primary culturedβ3-AR membrane proteins result in improved concentration and specificity of membrane protein.

Serum lipid levels and pathological observation of apolipoprotein E knockout mice with atherosclerosis at different weeks of age / 中国组织工程研究

BACKGROUND:The formation of atherosclerotic lesions in apolipoprotein E knockout mice is similar to that of human systemic atherosclerosis, and apolipoprotein E knockout mice are ideal animals for current establishment of atherosclerosis models. OBJECTIVE:To research the pathological process of atherosclerosis in apolipoprotein E knockout mice aged different weeks, and to explore the effect of different diets on the occurrence and development of atherosclerosis in apolipoprotein E knockout mice. METHODS:Male apolipoprotein E knockout mice aged 8 weeks old were randomly divided into two groups, and fed with high fat diet and normal diet, respectively, for 8, 12, 16, 20, and 24 weeks. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Serological detection revealed that serum total cholesterol, triglycerides and low density lipoprotein levels were significantly higher in different weeks of mice of high fat diet group than in the normal diet group (P<0.05), in a time-dependent manner. Gross and frozen oil red O staining showed that atherosclerotic plaque area of lumen was significantly larger in the high fat diet group than in the normal diet group (P<0.05), in a time-dependent manner. At this time, significant differences in plaque area of lumen at each week were detected between both groups (P<0.05). Apparent lipid plaque was visible in aorta at 16 weeks of high fat diet in mice. Results demonstrated that apolipoprotein E knockout mice of atherosclerosis were successful y established. The formation of lipid streaks and fiber hyperplasia was faster in high fat diet group than in the normal diet group.

Association between the rs1007888 polymorphism of macrophage migration inhibitory factor gene and coronary heart disease in the Kazakhs of China / 中国组织工程研究

BACKGROUND:Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) is a multi-potent cytokine that makes considerable contribution to the regulation of inflammatory response and immune response in the body. MIF rs1007888 is associated with various inflammatory diseases, but the correlation between rs1007888 and coronary heart disease in the Kazakhs of China has been rarely explored. OBJECTIVE:To investigate the relationship between rs1007888 gene polymorphisms in MIF gene and coronary heart disease in the Kazakhs from Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China. METHODS:A total of 230 Kazakh patients with coronary heart disease evidenced by coronary arteriography between December 2012 and July 2014 were recruited, and another 478 Kazak controls were free from coronary artery disease with normal angiograms. Real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR assay was used to detect the rs1007888 polymorphisms of MIF gene. Alele and genotype distributions of the rs1007888 polymorphism were compared between patients and controls. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Distribution of genotypes in the two groups appeared to be in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (P> 0.05). The alele frequencies and genotypes of MIF-rs1007888 showed no significant difference between the two groups (P > 0.05). Therefore, the genetic variation of rs1007888 in MIF gene is not associated with coronary heart disease in the Kazakhs of China.

Recombinant adeno-associated virus serotype 9 transfection of atherosclerosis mice:determination of the optimal expression time in vivo / 中国组织工程研究

BACKGROUND:Recombinant adeno-associated virus serotype 9 has a high affinity in myocardial tissue, and the expression of recombinant adeno-associated virus serotype 9-enhanced green fluorescent protein (rAAV9-eGFP) in the aorta of atherosclerosis mice is not clear. OBJECTIVE:To explore the optimal time point of rAAV9-eGFP expression in the aorta of atherosclerosis mice. METHODS:Atherosclerosis model was established with high-fat diet in 30 ApoE-/-mice for 16 weeks. Among them, 25 mice were injected with 5.0×1011 vg (virus genomes) rAAV9-eGFP through the tail vein, while the remaining 5 mice were injected with saline, serving as the control group. The virus-transfected mice were kil ed at 14, 21, 28, 35 and 60 days after transfection, and aortic tissue was harvested. The expression of enhanced green fluorescent protein was detected with laser scanning confocal microscope. Western blot assays were used to detect the expression of enhanced green fluorescent protein in aorta. The expression of enhanced green fluorescent protein in vivo was observed and the optimal expression time point was determined. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:rAAV9-eGFP effectively transfected the aorta of atherosclerosis mice, enhanced green fluorescent protein was expressed in aortic tissue, and the expression intensity increased gradual y with the increasing transfection time. The highest expression level was found at 35 days after transfection and then maintained stable at 60 days. There were significant differences at different time points after transfection (P<0.001). These data indicate that rAAV9-eGFP can be effectively expressed in the aorta of atherosclerosis ApoE-/-mice and rAAV9-eGFP can be regarded as the optimal vector in the treatment of atherosclerosis.

Association between CYP1A1 genetic polymorphisms and coronary artery disease in Uygur population in Xinjiang, China / 中华流行病学杂志

Objective To assess the association between human CYP1A1 gene polymorphisms and coronary artery disease (CAD) among the Uygur population of China.Methods Genotypes of CYP1A1 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs:rs4886605,rs 12441817,rs4646422 and rs1048943) were detected by real-time PCR in 293 CAD patients and 408 controls.Results Among the Uygur group,distribution of genotypes and allele of rs4886605 were both significantly different between CAD and the controls (all P＜0.05).The dominant model (CC vs.CT + TT) of rs4886605 was significantly lower among CAD patients than in controls.Significant differences were retained after the adjustment was made in all the participants (OR=0.368,95％CI:0.185-0.530,P=0.018) and in men (OR=0.350,95％CI:0.235-0.568,P=0.015).Distributions of genotypes and allele of rs12441817 were both significantly different between CAD and the controls (all P＜0.05).The dominant model (TT vs.CT+CC) of rs12441817 was significantly lower among patients CAD than in controls.Significant difference were retained after the adjustment was made,in total participants (OR=0.253,95％ CI:0.231-0.546,P=0.016) and in men (OR=0.241,95％ CI:0.132-0.478,P=0.002).Conclusion Both rs4886605 and rs12441817 SNPs of the CYP1A1 gene were associated with CAD in the Uygur population of China.

The optimal cutoff point of waist-to-hip ratio for screening Uyghur population aged 35 years and over at high-risk of cardiovascular diseases in Xinjiang / 中华心血管病杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the appropriate waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) cutoffs to identify people at high risk of cardiovascular disease of Uygur population aged 35 years and over in Xinjiang.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The cardiovascular risk survey (CRS) in Xinjiang was conducted from October 2007 to March 2010, using 4-stagestratified random sampling method and 14 618 representative participated this survey, and the questionnaire survey, anthropometric data, blood pressure, serum total cholesterol, triglyceride, low density lipoprotein (LDL-C), high density lipoprotein (HDL-C) and fasting glucose were measured. A total of 4 657 participants aged 35 years and over with complete anthropometric data were analyzed. The sensitivity, specificity and distance on the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve of different WHR levels predicting risk factors of cardiovascular disease were calculated. The analysis method of ROC curve was used to determine the optimum cut-off point of WHR predicting risk factors of cardiovascular disease.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>(1) There were significantly differences in prevalence of hypertension, diabetes mellitus, hypercholesterolemia, low HDL-C level, and hypertriglyceridemia between WHR < 0.75,0.75 ≤ WHR < 0.80,0.80 ≤ WHR < 0.85,0.85 ≤ WHR < 0.90,0.90 ≤ WHR < 0.95,0.95 ≤ WHR < 1.00, WHR ≥ 1.00 in male participants (P < 0.01 or 0.05), LDL-C level was similar among groups in males (P = 0.139). There were significantly differences in prevalence of hypertension, diabetes mellitus, hypercholesterolemia and hypertriglyceridemia between WHR < 0.75,0.75 ≤ WHR < 0.80,0.80 ≤ WHR < 0.85,0.85 ≤ WHR < 0.90,0.90 ≤ WHR < 0.95,0.95 ≤ WHR < 1.00, WHR ≥ 1.00 in female participants (all P < 0.01), and there were no significantly differences in prevalence of high LDL-C level and low HDL-C level among groups in females (both P > 0.05). (2) ROC analysis for hypertension, dyslipidemia, diabetes and ≥ 2 of these risk factors suggested a WHR cutoff of 0.92 for men and 0.90 for women as the optimal cutoff value for predicting high risk of cardiovascular disease of Uygur population aged 35 years and over in Xinjiang.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Higher WHR cutoffs are needed for screening people at high risk of cardiovascular disease among Uygur population aged 35 years and over in Xinjiang.</p>

Effects of norepinephrine on proliferation and apoptosis of neonatal cardiac fibroblasts in rats / 中华心血管病杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the effects of different concentrations of norepinephrine (NE) on proliferation and apoptosis of cultured cardiac fibroblasts (CFBs) from neonatal mice and to elucidate related mechanisms.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>CFBs of Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were isolated and cultured and divided into normal control group and different concentration of NE intervention groups (0.1, 1, 10, 50, and 100 µmol/L). Water soluble tetrazolium-1 (WST-1) assay was carried out to detect the viability of CFBs. Morphology of apoptosis cells was evaluated by fluorescence microscope with terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) staining. The expressions of collagen I, collagen III, pro-oncogene c-myc in CFBs were detected by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). The phospho-mitogen activated protein kinase (p-p38MAPK) and caspase3 protein levels were examined by Western blot.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Proliferation was significantly increased in 1 µmol/L and 10 µmol/L groups compared with the normal control group (1.05 ± 0.05 and 1.09 ± 0.02 vs. 1.00 ± 0.03, all P < 0.05).CFBs apoptosis was significantly enhanced in 50 µmol/L and 100 µmol/L groups ((22.69 ± 2.18)% and (36.40 ± 6.80)% vs.(4.50 ± 1.08)%, all P < 0.05). Expression of Collagen I peaked in 10 µmol/L group, expression of collagen III and c-myc increased dose-dependently in proportion to increasing NE concentrations (all P < 0.05 vs. control group). The expression of p-p38MAPK and caspase3 was also significantly upregulated in a dose-dependent manner in NE groups (all P < 0.05 vs. control group).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Low concentration NE induces CFBs proliferation and high concentration NE promotes CFBs apoptosis. p38MAPK phosphorylation may be a major mediator of NE-induced effects on CFBs.</p>

Distribution of β3-adrenergic receptors gene polymorphisms and its association with serum lipid in Han and Uighur populations in Xinjiang / 中华流行病学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the distribution of β3-adrenergic receptors (ADRβ3) gene polymorphisms (rs2298423 and rs6986132) and its association with serum lipid in Han and Uighur populations in Xinjiang.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Genotypes of the ADR β 3 gene were detected in 362 Uighur and 653 Han healthy individuals who were randomly selected in Xinjiang by real-time PCR (TaqMan) method.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>1) Frequencies of TT, GT and GG genotypes of the rs2298423 locus were 76.5%, 22.1% and 1.4% in the Uighurs but 74.7%, 23.3% and 2.0% in the Hans. There was no significant difference noticed in distribution of genotypes between the two populations (P = 0.695). 2) Frequencies of GG, AG and AA genotypes of the rs6986132 locus were 81.5%, 16.6% and 1.9% in Uighurs but 59.6%, 33.7% and 6.7% in Hans. There was significant difference noticed in the distribution of genotypes between the two populations (P < 0.001). 3) Total cholesterol and low density lipoprotein cholesterol levels were significantly higher in GG or GT genotypes than in the TT genotype carriers of rs2298423 in the Uighur individuals (P < 0.01), but not in the Han population. Serum lipid level that including total cholesterol (TC), low density lipoproteins cholesterol (LDL-C), triglyceride and high density lipoproteins cholesterol did not show significant differences in the distribution of rs6986132 genotypes between the two populations (P > 0.05). After adjusting for factors as gender, age, height, weight, waist circumference, blood urea nitrogen, creatin, glucose, triglyceride, smoking, drinking, results from the logistic regression analyses revealed that those individuals who were carrying GG or GT genotype of rs2298423 were expected to face an increased risk for total cholesterol and low density lipoprotein cholesterol level than those individuals that carrying TT genotype in Uighur populations (OR = 3.140, 95% CI: 1.270-7.764, P = 0.013 in TC level; OR = 3.818, 95% CI: 1.761-8.280, P = 0.001 in LDL-C level). 4) The T-G haplotype appeared more frequent in the Uighurs while the T-A haplotype was more commonly seen in the Han population, respectively (both P < 0.001).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The mutational frequencies of the tagging SNPs in rs2298423 and rs6986132 loci of the ADRβ 3 gene presented obvious differences between Han and Uighur populations of Xinjiang. G allele carriers of rs2298423 seemed to face an increased risk for TC and LDL-C level in the Uighur populations in Xinjiang.</p>

Value of mean platelet volume and Gensini score on predicting short-term outcome in acute ST segment elevation myocardial infarction patient post emergency percutaneous coronary intervention / 中华心血管病杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the value of mean platelet volume (MPV) and Gensini score on predicting short-term prognosis of patients with acute ST segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) post emergency percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>From September 2011 to June 2013, 102 consecutive hospitalized STEMI patients undergoing emergency PCI were included. All patients routine blood test was made immediately after admission, and Gensini score was calculated according to the results of coronary angiography. Incidence of major adverse cardiac events (MACE) during hospitalization and 6 months after PCI was observed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>MPV, Gensini score and percent of coronary artery three vessel lesions were significantly higher in MACE patients than in patients without MACE(P < 0.05 or 0.01). Area under the curve (AUC) of MPV plus Gensini score for predicting in hospital MACE and at 6 months post PCI was 0.836 (95%CI:0.706-0.966, P = 0.003) and 0.718 (95%CI:0.571-0.866, P = 0.006) , respectively. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis showed that incidence of without MACE at 6 months post PCI was significantly lower in patients with high MPV (>10.65 fl) than in patients with low MPV ( ≤ 10.65 fl) at admission (log-rank = 4.272, P = 0.039), and in patients with high Gensini score (>89) than in low Gensini score ( ≤ 89) (log-rank = 7.355, P = 0.007) at admission.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>High MPV and Gensini score are associated with lower MACE during hospitalization and at 6 months after PCI in acute STEMI patient. These two parameters could thus be used to predict short-term MACE in STEMI patients post PCI.</p>