RESUMO
Objective To evaluate the role of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 ( Nrf2)∕heme oxygenase-1 ( HO-1) signaling pathway in bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells ( MSCs)-induced re-duction of endotoxin-induced acute lung injury ( ALI) in rats. Methods Thirty-two clean-grade healthy male Sprague-Dawley rats, weighing 180-250 g, were divided into 4 groups ( n=8 each) using a random number table method:control group (group C), ALI group, MSCs group and brusatol plus MSCs group ( group B+MSCs) . Lipopolysaccharide 20 mg∕kg was intravenously infused to establish the model of acute lung injury. Phosphate buffered saline ( PBS) 1 ml was intravenously infused at 1 h after establishing the model in group ALI. The equal volume of sterile saline and PBS was given instead in group C. PBS (1 ml) containing MSCs 1×106 cells was intravenously infused at 1 h after establishing the model in group MSCs. Nrf2 inhibitor brusatol 0. 4 mg∕kg was intraperitoneally injected every other day during 10 days before estab-lishing the model, and MSCs were given at 1 h after establishing the model in group B+MSCs. Bronchoalve-olar lavage fluid ( BALF) was collected and lung tissues were removed at 6 h after establishing the model. The protein concentration and neutrophil count in BALF were determined, and the wet∕dry weight ratio ( W∕D ratio) was calculated. The pathological changes of lung tissues were observed by hematoxylin-eosin staining. The expression of Nrf2 and HO-1 (by Western blot), activities of myeloperoxidase (MPO) and superoxide dismutase ( SOD) and content of malondialdehyde ( MDA) were determined. Results Com-pared with group C, the W∕D ratio and total cell count and protein concentration in BALF were significantly increased, the MPO activity was enhanced, the MDA content was increased, the SOD activity was weak-ened, and the expression of Nrf2 was up-regulated (P<0. 05), and the pathological changes were accentu-ated in group ALI. Compared with group ALI, the W∕D ratio and total cell count and protein concentration in BALF were significantly decreased, the MPO activity was weakened, the MDA content was decreased, the SOD activity was enhanced, the expression of Nrf2 and HO-1 was up-regulated (P<0. 05), and the pathological changes were significantly attenuated in group MSCs. Compared with group MSCs, the total cell count was significantly increased, the MPO activity was enhanced, the MDA content was increased, the expression of Nrf2 and HO-1 was down-regulated ( P<0. 05) , and the pathological changes were accentua-ted in group B+MSCs. Conclusion Nrf2∕HO-1 signaling pathway is involved in bone marrow MSCs-in-duced reduction of endotoxin-induced acute lung injury in rats.
RESUMO
Objective To investigate the value of renal CT arteriography in the preoperation evaluation of patients with renal tumors.Methods From Jan 2007 to June 2012,372 patients with renal tumors took renal CT arteriography (with Philips Brilliance 16) to evaluate the variations of their renal arteries.We executed plain scan first,then artery phase,venous phase scan and delaying scan by turns after injections of Omnipaque.All images were delivered to imaging workstation and reconstructed to 3D views of renal arteries to supply imageological supports for surgeons.Results Tumors in solitary kidneys were detected in 21 patients,and masses in both kindneys were detected in 4 cases.We collected data of 376 kidneys finally.We found premature branching renal arteries on 46 kidneys (12.2％) and accessory renal arteries on 74 kidneys (19.7％).Double accessory renal arteries were seen on 10 kidneys (2.7％),and there were 84 accessory renal arteries in summary.7 accessory renal arteries (7.2％) came from arteria phrenica and 77 (91.7％) came from abdominal aorta (x2 =65.68,P ＜ 0.01).We found the regions where the accessory renal arteries entered kidneys:65.5％ (55/84) in upper poles,19.0％ (16/84) in central regions and 15.5％ (13/84)in inferior poles.Routine CT scans found 44 variations of renal arteries in 218 cases who underwent surgeries,and then renal CT arteriography found 63 variations in the same cases (20.2％ vs 28.9％,x2 =4.47,P ＜ 0.05).Finally,surgeons found 60 variations of renal artries in operations in the 63 cases with variations found by renal CT arteriography before surgeries.Conclusions There is limitations of routine CT scan (plain scan and with contrast medium) in detection of renal artery variations.Renal CT arteriography can supply reliable supports for establishment of surgical plans for renal tumors.