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The emergence of immune checkpoint inhibitors holds new promise for patients with small cell lung cancer. Studies have found that PD-L1 expression, tumor mutation burden, genomic characteristics, peripheral blood parameters and other indicators can be used as prognostic predictors in patients with small cell lung cancer receiving immunotherapy. Further exploration and evaluation of relevant predictors can provide a reference for screening patients with potential benefits of immunotherapy.
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Objective:To study the alterations of autonomic nervous function in patients with major depression disorder, and to observe the relationship of their gastric electrical activity with the duration of depression, its severity and gastrointestinal symptoms.Methods:Electrogastrography (EGG) was performed before and after a test meal ingestion in 38 depressive patients and 38 healthy control subjects.The severity of depression was evaluated through Hamilton depression scale(HAMD-21) and Beck depression inventory(BDI). Autonomic symptoms were recorded by autonomic nervous symptom-score(ANS-score).Results:The amount of tachygastria in patients with depression before and after test meal were (24.99±1.73)%, (23.66±1.86)% respectively, the amount of tachygastria in healthy controls before and after test meal were(19.80±1.65)%, (15.48±1.50)% respectively.There was a significant group effect ( F(1, 148)=15.6, P=0.0001)) between the two groups.The amount of tachygastria between the two groups before and after test meal were significant different (before test meal P=0.033, after test meal P=0.001). The main power in patients with depression before and after test meal were(21.20±2.71)dB, (20.90±2.66)dB respectively, the main power in healthy controls before and after test meal were(26.45±2.62)dB, (28.94±2.68)dB respectively.There was a significant group effect ( F(1, 148)=6.203, P=0.014) between the two groups.The main power between the two groups after test meal were significant different( P=0.037). The percentage of arrythmia after test meal in patients with gastrointestinal symptoms(5.17±0.56)% was higher than the patients without gastrointestinal symptoms(3.19±0.46)%, the differences were statistically significant( P=0.011). And there was a significant difference ( P=0.029)of the instability coefficient of main power after test meal between the patients with gastrointestinal symptoms (0.44±0.06) and the patients without gastrointestinal symptoms (0.27±0.05). Besides, there was a significant positive correlation between duration of depression and percentage of postprandial tachycardia( r=0.491, P=0.002). Conclusion:Patients with depression have autonomic nerve dysfunction and abnormal gastric motility, which is related to the duration of the disease and whether the patients are accompanied by gastrointestinal symptoms.Electrogastrography can also be used as an index to measure autonomic nervous function in patients with depression.
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Objective@#To explore the virulence related risk factors based on the enterovirus A71 (EV-A71) genome.@*Methods@#The pairwise distance of each section of gene between mild and fatal cases was analyzed. The ⅴ domain of 5′UTR from mild and fatal cases in this study were constructed. Amino acid sequences of EV-A71 were analyzed to find the potential virulence regions which were statistically different between fatal and mild cases.@*Results@#The two EV-A71 genome sequences in this study belonged to C4a genotype with the genomic homology of 96.2%-97.5%. The nucleotides in the ⅴ domains of the 5 ′UTR of EV-A71 from mild and fatal cases were the same. Each gene of EV-A71 from 31 mild cases and 30 fatal cases shared high homology. A total of four potential virulence sites (2 A: R68 M、2C: K41R、3 A: T/V47 A and 3C: I158 V) which were significantly different between mild cases and fatal cases were obtained.@*Conclusions@#The four sites in the unstructured protein coding region might be related with the virulence of EV-A71.
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To identify and analyze the virulence of a bacteria strain isolated from the blood of a patient with suspected Streptococcus suis (S.suis) infection in a hospital of Beijing,we inoculated the bacteria strain isolated from the blood of the patient to the Columbia with sheep blood agar plate,after Gram staining and microscopical examination,serum agglutination test,VITEK 2 Compact microbial identification system test and matrix assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS) test,S,suis species specific gene 16SrRNA,S.suis species serotype 2 specific virulence gene capsule polysaccharide 2J (cps2J) and virulence gene muramidase-released protein (mrp),hemolysin (sly),extracellular factor protein (ef),glutamate dehydrogenase (gdh) genes,fibronectin-binding protein (fbps),glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (gapdh) genes and virulence correlated gene orf2 were further detected by PCR.Results showed that the suspicious bacteria strain of S.suis was identified as S.suis type 2 (S.suis 2) by conventional methods,MALDI-TOF-MS and PCR.PCR results showed that cps2J,sly,ef,gdh,fbps,gapdh and or f2 genes were positive,and mrp gene was negative.In conclusion,the bacteria strain isolated from the patient's blood is sly+/ef+/mrp-virulent S.suis 2.
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Objective To understand the infection status of enterovirus 71(EV71) and coxsackievirus A16(Cox A16) among children receiving health examination for child care setting entrance in Beijing and their related medical care seeking practice and provide evidence for the estimation of disease burden caused by hand foot and mouth disease(HFMD). Methods Serological survey was conducted in the local children receiving health examination for child care setting entrance. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was conducted to detect anti-EV71 and anti-Cox A16 IgG and IgM. Results A total of 813 children were surveyed(mean age:3.5±1.0 year old). The seropositive rate was 61.9%and 4.4%for anti-Cox A16 IgG and IgM. The seropositive rate was 9.3% and 1.1% for anti-EV71 IgG and IgM. No significant difference was observed in sex specific seropositive rate (P>0.05). However,significant differences were found in seropositive rate among different age groups(P<0.05). Among the children who were anti-Cox A16 positive, 7.8%had ever had rashes on their hands and feet,mouth or buttocks(HFMD-like rashes). Among the children who were anti-EV71 positive,10.7%had ever had HFMD-like rashes. For the children who were anti-Cox A16 or anti-EV71 positive,only 7.1% were brought to see doctors by their parents. However,among the seropositive children with rashes,80.5% were brought to see doctors. Conclusion In the healthy children at the age to go to child care setting in Beijing,most had ever infected with Cox A16. The anti-EV71 positive rate was much lower than the anti-Cox A16 positive rate. It was necessary to strengthen the prevention and control of EV71 infection in child cares settings.
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Objective To understand the infection status of enterovirus 71(EV71) and coxsackievirus A16(Cox A16) among children receiving health examination for child care setting entrance in Beijing and their related medical care seeking practice and provide evidence for the estimation of disease burden caused by hand foot and mouth disease(HFMD). Methods Serological survey was conducted in the local children receiving health examination for child care setting entrance. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was conducted to detect anti-EV71 and anti-Cox A16 IgG and IgM. Results A total of 813 children were surveyed(mean age:3.5±1.0 year old). The seropositive rate was 61.9%and 4.4%for anti-Cox A16 IgG and IgM. The seropositive rate was 9.3% and 1.1% for anti-EV71 IgG and IgM. No significant difference was observed in sex specific seropositive rate (P>0.05). However,significant differences were found in seropositive rate among different age groups(P<0.05). Among the children who were anti-Cox A16 positive, 7.8%had ever had rashes on their hands and feet,mouth or buttocks(HFMD-like rashes). Among the children who were anti-EV71 positive,10.7%had ever had HFMD-like rashes. For the children who were anti-Cox A16 or anti-EV71 positive,only 7.1% were brought to see doctors by their parents. However,among the seropositive children with rashes,80.5% were brought to see doctors. Conclusion In the healthy children at the age to go to child care setting in Beijing,most had ever infected with Cox A16. The anti-EV71 positive rate was much lower than the anti-Cox A16 positive rate. It was necessary to strengthen the prevention and control of EV71 infection in child cares settings.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To understand the infection status of enterovirus 71 (EV71) and coxsackievirus A16 (Cox A16) among children receiving health examination for child care setting entrance in Beijing and their related medical care seeking practice and provide evidence for the estimation of disease burden caused by hand foot and mouth disease (HFMD).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Serological survey was conducted in the local children receiving health examination for child care setting entrance. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was conducted to detect anti-EV71 and anti-Cox A16 IgG and IgM.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>A total of 813 children were surveyed (mean age: 3.5 ± 1.0 year old). The seropositive rate was 61.9% and 4.4% for anti-Cox A16 IgG and IgM. The seropositive rate was 9.3% and 1.1% for anti-EV71 IgG and IgM. No significant difference was observed in sex specific seropositive rate (P > 0.05). However, significant differences were found in seropositive rate among different age groups (P < 0.05). Among the children who were anti-Cox A16 positive, 7.8% had ever had rashes on their hands and feet, mouth or buttocks (HFMD-like rashes). Among the children who were anti-EV71 positive, 10.7% had ever had HFMD-like rashes. For the children who were anti-Cox A16 or anti-EV71 positive, only 7.1% were brought to see doctors by their parents. However, among the seropositive children with rashes, 80.5% were brought to see doctors.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>In the healthy children at the age to go to child care setting in Beijing, most had ever infected with Cox A16. The anti-EV71 positive rate was much lower than the anti-Cox A16 positive rate. It was necessary to strengthen the prevention and control of EV71 infection in child cares settings.</p>