Clinical effectiveness of endoscopic thyroidectomy via transoral submental approach vs.open surgery:a comparative study / 实用医学杂志

Objective To compare endoscopic thyroidectomy via transoral submental approach with open surgery for treating thyroid tumors in terms of the clinical effectiveness.Methods We retrospectively reviewed and analyzed the clinical data and follow-up records of 154 patients in the study,who were hospitalized for thyroidectomy in our hospital from January 2021 to June 2022.Among them,74 cases undergoing endoscopic thyroidectomy via transoral submental approach were assigned to the endoscopic group and 80 cases undergoing traditional open thyroid surgery to the open surgery group.Results All operations were completed successfully and safely in both groups,with no intermediate openings in the endoscopic group.Compared with the open surgery group,the endoscopic group had significantly fewer intraoperative blood losses[(19.46±10.24)mL vs.(32.05±15.87)mL],significantly less incision length[(1.95±0.30)cm vs.(7.05±0.60)cm],significant shorter operative time[(136.66±22.44)min vs.(82.75±15.20)min],and significantly less total postoperative drainage[(111.35±38.92)mL vs.(95.45±36.73)mL](all P＜0.05).Endoscopic patients had superior postoperative pain and cosmetic satisfaction compared to open patients,and the difference was statistically significant(P＜0.05).The two groups had no significant differences in the number of lymph node dissections,parathyroid hormone,and postoperative morbidity between the two groups(P＞0.05).Conclusion The endoscopic thyroidectomy via transoral submental approach can achieve the same clinical effectiveness as the traditional open surgery.However,it is advantageous in reducing intra-operative blood loss,relieving post-operative pain,and achieving a better cosmetic effects of neck incision,thus deserving clinical promotion and application.

Research progress of extracellular high mobility group box 1 in common ophthalmic diseases / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

@#High mobility group box 1(HMGB1), which belongs to a high mobility group box that known for high mobility in electrophoresis, has been researching most intensively. Recently, researches have revealed that extracellular HMGB1, as a damage-associated molecular pattern(DAMP), is involved in the pathophysiology of tissue damage repairin a variety of common ocular diseases, namely, dry eye, keratopathy, glaucoma, uveitis, diabetic retinopathy, and age-related macular degeneration, thereby negatively affecting the healing of the disease. Silencing the function of extracellular HMGB1 is expected to be a new way for these ophthalmic diseases. This thesis reviews the research progress of extracellular HMGB1 in common ophthalmic diseases.

's special penetrating needling method / 中国针灸

The clinical experience of ' penetrating needling method for refractory diseases is summarized. In clinical practice, the penetrating needling method is usually divided into shallow penetrating needling method and deep penetrating needling method. The shallow penetrating method includes parallel penetrating method, cross penetrating method, relay penetrating method and multi-directional penetrating method. Deep penetrating needling method includes deep penetration at auricular area, deep penetration at back- points, deep penetration at buttocks and deep penetration at knees. The clinical application of penetrating needling method should be based on the symptoms and the operation essentials should be grasped, in which, the needling sensation could go to the affected area, one acupoint could be stimulated by different techniques to ensure the suppelementory effect.

Quality control of chromosome preparation in the chromosome aberration test in vitro / 中国比较医学杂志

Objective To study the influencing factors and quality control of chromosome preparation during chromosome aberration test in vitro,and to summarize and analyze the method and key points of successful preparation of chromosome specimens in vitro. Methods Chinese hamster lung cells(CHL)were used for cell culture and chromosome preparation. Mitomycin and cyclophosphamide were used as positive mutagens. After routine hypotonic treatment,fixation, and squash preparation, finally, to read the film under the microscope. Results The CHL chromosome aberration test showed that both the chromosome aberration rates of mitomycin- and cyclophosphamide-treated cells were significantly increased(>20%),while the aberration rates in the negative control group were less than 5%, either with and without metabolic activation. The success rate was high and the prepared chromosomes were well dispersed with a moderate length. Conclusions Many factors can affect the specimen preparation in chromosome aberration test. Every step is very important,and it should be strictly following the operating procedures. It is of importance to grasp the principle of each step and to operate carefully,patiently and scientifically in order to prepare good specimens.

Gentiopicroside,originated from Gentiana macrophylla Pall,possesses anti-arthritic efficacy in adjuvant-induced arthritis rats / 中国药理学与毒理学杂志

OBJECTIVE This work aimed to investigate the anti-rheumatoid arthritic effect of gentio-picroside from Gentiana macrophylla Pall using an animal model of adjuvant induced arthritis. METH-ODS Adjuvant arthritis was induced in fifty SD male rats,which were randomly divided into five groups (n=10):control(0.5% CMC-Na)group,AIA(rats with CFA)group,dexamethasone(1 mg·kg-1)group, gentiopicroside(50 mg·kg-1)group,and gentiopicroside(100 mg·kg-1)group.Rats were administered intragastrically with drugs or CMC-Na once a day for a period of 2 weeks.Paw swelling,arthritic index, histological changes were assessed to evaluate the anti-arthritic effect.Weight growth,spleen and thymus indexes were also investigated in.RESULTS Gentiopicroside at dose of 100 mg·kg-1significantly inhibited the secondary paw swelling(P<0.05)and arthritis index(P<0.05),decreased synovial inflammatory infil-tration, synovial hyperplasia and bone erosion. Furthermore, gentiopicroside showed no immunosup-pressive adverse effects in body weight, index of spleen and thyums compared with dexamethasone administration (P<0.05, P<0.01). CONCLUSION Gentiopicroside possessed anti-arthritic efficacy in AIA rats without immunosuppressive effects.

Acetylcholine suppresses microglial inflammatory response in rats via acting on microglial α7nAChR / 生理学报

Microglia are the main immune cells in the central nervous system. In the present study, the mechanism for acetylcholine (ACh) inhibiting microglial inflammatory response was investigated. Primary culture of microglia was isolated from cerebral cortex of Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) was used to activate the microglia to induce inflammatory response, and then the microglia were treated with ACh for 24 h. Protein expressions of several inflammatory factors, insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) and α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (α7nAChR) were detected by Western blot. Release of inflammatory factors and IGF-1 into media was detected by ELISA. After α7nAChR gene silence was achieved by lentivirus-transfection of α7nAChR-shRNA, the change of ACh effect was observed. The results showed that LPS induced microglial activation, up-regulated inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) protein expression, increased the expressions and release of IL-1β and TNF-α, and decreased the expression and release of the neurotrophic factor, IGF-1. ACh could reverse these effects of LPS. Meanwhile, LPS reduced the protein expression of α7nAChR on the microglial cells, whereas ACh could reverse the effect. Silencing of α7nAChR gene in microglia abolished the ability of ACh to inhibit LPS-induced inflammatory responses. These results suggest that ACh exerts its protection against LPS-induced microglial inflammation via acting on α7nAChR on microglia, which may provide a novel target for the treatment of neuro-inflammatory diseases.

Traditional Chinese medicine integrated with chemotherapy for stage IV non-surgical gastric cancer: a retrospective clinical analysis / 中西医结合学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) is regarded as an important treatment for gastric cancer patients, especially for those in advanced stage. To evaluate the effects of TCM treatment on gastric cancer patients, the authors performed a retrospective study to report the result of the integrated treatment of TCM with chemotherapy for stage IV non-surgical gastric cancer.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>In this study, 182 patients with stage IV and non-surgical gastric cancer were retrospectively analyzed to evaluate the effects of TCM integrated with chemotherapy. Among the 182 cases, 88 cases received integrated therapy consisting of TCM and chemotherapy, while 94 cases received chemotherapy alone. The overall survival and Karnofsky performance status (KPS) score were measured as the main outcome.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The median overall survival of the integrated therapy group and chemotherapy group were 16.9 and 10.5 months, respectively. The 1-, 3- and 5-year survival rates of integrated therapy group vs. chemotherapy group were 70% vs. 32%, 18% vs. 4%, and 11% vs. 0%, respectively. There was a significant difference between the two groups (χ= 42.244, P > 0.001). After six-month treatment, KPS scores of the integrated therapy group and the chemotherapy group were 75.00 ± 14.78 and 60.64 ± 21.39, respectively (P > 0.001). The Cox regression analysis showed that TCM treatment is a protective factor for patients' overall survival.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>This study demonstrated that TCM integrated with chemotherapy may prolong overall survival and improve survival rate and life quality of patients with stage IV non-surgical gastric cancer.</p>

Steven-Johnson syndrome and toxic epidermal necrolysis in Northern Sarawak between year 2011 and 2015: a retrospective review of causative agents and clinical outcome

Objective: To determine the causes and treatment outcome of Stevens-Johnson syndrome [SJS] and toxic epidermal necrolysis [TEN]

Methods: A retrospective review was conducted on SJS and TEN cases admitted to Miri General Hospital between year 2011 and 2015

Results: Total of ten patients were admitted in five years period, nine cases of SJS and one case of TEN with highest number recorded in 2014 [4 cases]. The commonest causative agent was allopurinol [30%]. Among the ten cases, 7 patients were given steroids, 1 patient given intravenous immunoglobulin [IVIG], 2 patients given both steroids and IVIG. There was a case mortality from SJS secondary to allopurinol after 38 days of admission and patient was given only corticosteroids

Conclusion: Allopurinol is the most common causative agent with mortality in Miri General Hospital. Allopurinol should be used judiciously. Combination therapy had tendency to reduce mortality rate in comparison with corticosteroid therapy alone. However, in view of small sample size, efficacy and superiority between treatment of corticosteroids and IVIG cannot be assessed

Effect of Thumb Pressing at Yangming Meridian on Function Rehabilitation After Total Knee Arthroplasty / 上海针灸杂志

Objective To observe the effect of thumb pressing at Yangming Meridian on the function rehabilitation after total knee arthroplasty (TKA) for knee osteoarthritis (KOA).Method Sixty KOA patients after TKA were randomized into a treatment group (thumb pressing at Yangming Meridian plus conventional rehabilitation) and a control group (single conventional rehabilitation),30 cases each.The treatment group was intervened by thumb pressing and kneading manipulation at the acupoints of Foot Yangming Meridian and Foot Taiyin Meridian plus rehabilitation training of passive flexion and extension by CPM machine,while the control group was intervened by rehabilitation training of passive flexion and extension by CPM machine.The American Hospital for Special Surgery (HSS) for knee joint,the American Knee Society score (KSS) and the Western Ontario and the McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) of KOA were used to evaluate the function.Result After the treatment,the HSS,KSS and WOMAC scores were changed significantly in both groups (P＜0.05).The improvements of HSS,KSS and WOMAC scores in the treatment group were superior to those in the control group,and the differences were statistically significant (P＜0.05).Conclusion The efficacy of thumb pressing at Yangming Meridian plus conventional rehabilitation for post-TKA KOA is superior to single conventional rehabilitation.

Safety pharmacology research on Dexibuprofen injection / 药物评价研究

Objective To study the effects of Dexibuprofen injection on the central nervous,cardiovascular and respiratory systems in animals.Methods The effect of Dexibuprofen injection on central nervous system was observed by autonomic activities experiment,mice concordant ability experiment and hypnotize experiment induced by pentobarbital.The effects of Dexibuprofen injection on circulatory system and respiratory system were observed by measuring the implanted telemetry system,blood pressure,ECG;respiratory rate and tidal volume of Beagle's dogs.Results Dexibuprofen injection (80 mg/kg) showed synergistic action with pentobarbital,and no significant effects on autonomic activities and concordant ability at doses of 20,40 and 80 mg/kg in mice.Dexibuprofen injection at doses of 10,20 and 40 mg/kg had no effect on the central nervous,cardiovascular and respiratory systems.In the same dose,the adverse reaction of Dexibuprofen injection was not increased compared with Ibuprofen injection.Conclusion Dexibuprofen injection (mice 40 mg/kg,dog 40 mg/kg) has none toxicity on cardiovascular,respiratory and central nervous systems,but at the dose of 80 mg/kg in mice has obvious effect on central nervous system.