Research progress of extracellular high mobility group box 1 in common ophthalmic diseases / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

@#High mobility group box 1(HMGB1), which belongs to a high mobility group box that known for high mobility in electrophoresis, has been researching most intensively. Recently, researches have revealed that extracellular HMGB1, as a damage-associated molecular pattern(DAMP), is involved in the pathophysiology of tissue damage repairin a variety of common ocular diseases, namely, dry eye, keratopathy, glaucoma, uveitis, diabetic retinopathy, and age-related macular degeneration, thereby negatively affecting the healing of the disease. Silencing the function of extracellular HMGB1 is expected to be a new way for these ophthalmic diseases. This thesis reviews the research progress of extracellular HMGB1 in common ophthalmic diseases.

's special penetrating needling method / 中国针灸

The clinical experience of ' penetrating needling method for refractory diseases is summarized. In clinical practice, the penetrating needling method is usually divided into shallow penetrating needling method and deep penetrating needling method. The shallow penetrating method includes parallel penetrating method, cross penetrating method, relay penetrating method and multi-directional penetrating method. Deep penetrating needling method includes deep penetration at auricular area, deep penetration at back- points, deep penetration at buttocks and deep penetration at knees. The clinical application of penetrating needling method should be based on the symptoms and the operation essentials should be grasped, in which, the needling sensation could go to the affected area, one acupoint could be stimulated by different techniques to ensure the suppelementory effect.

Acetylcholine suppresses microglial inflammatory response in rats via acting on microglial α7nAChR / 生理学报

Microglia are the main immune cells in the central nervous system. In the present study, the mechanism for acetylcholine (ACh) inhibiting microglial inflammatory response was investigated. Primary culture of microglia was isolated from cerebral cortex of Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) was used to activate the microglia to induce inflammatory response, and then the microglia were treated with ACh for 24 h. Protein expressions of several inflammatory factors, insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) and α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (α7nAChR) were detected by Western blot. Release of inflammatory factors and IGF-1 into media was detected by ELISA. After α7nAChR gene silence was achieved by lentivirus-transfection of α7nAChR-shRNA, the change of ACh effect was observed. The results showed that LPS induced microglial activation, up-regulated inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) protein expression, increased the expressions and release of IL-1β and TNF-α, and decreased the expression and release of the neurotrophic factor, IGF-1. ACh could reverse these effects of LPS. Meanwhile, LPS reduced the protein expression of α7nAChR on the microglial cells, whereas ACh could reverse the effect. Silencing of α7nAChR gene in microglia abolished the ability of ACh to inhibit LPS-induced inflammatory responses. These results suggest that ACh exerts its protection against LPS-induced microglial inflammation via acting on α7nAChR on microglia, which may provide a novel target for the treatment of neuro-inflammatory diseases.

Gentiopicroside,originated from Gentiana macrophylla Pall,possesses anti-arthritic efficacy in adjuvant-induced arthritis rats / 中国药理学与毒理学杂志

OBJECTIVE This work aimed to investigate the anti-rheumatoid arthritic effect of gentio-picroside from Gentiana macrophylla Pall using an animal model of adjuvant induced arthritis. METH-ODS Adjuvant arthritis was induced in fifty SD male rats,which were randomly divided into five groups (n=10):control(0.5% CMC-Na)group,AIA(rats with CFA)group,dexamethasone(1 mg·kg-1)group, gentiopicroside(50 mg·kg-1)group,and gentiopicroside(100 mg·kg-1)group.Rats were administered intragastrically with drugs or CMC-Na once a day for a period of 2 weeks.Paw swelling,arthritic index, histological changes were assessed to evaluate the anti-arthritic effect.Weight growth,spleen and thymus indexes were also investigated in.RESULTS Gentiopicroside at dose of 100 mg·kg-1significantly inhibited the secondary paw swelling(P<0.05)and arthritis index(P<0.05),decreased synovial inflammatory infil-tration, synovial hyperplasia and bone erosion. Furthermore, gentiopicroside showed no immunosup-pressive adverse effects in body weight, index of spleen and thyums compared with dexamethasone administration (P<0.05, P<0.01). CONCLUSION Gentiopicroside possessed anti-arthritic efficacy in AIA rats without immunosuppressive effects.

Quality control of chromosome preparation in the chromosome aberration test in vitro / 中国比较医学杂志

Objective To study the influencing factors and quality control of chromosome preparation during chromosome aberration test in vitro,and to summarize and analyze the method and key points of successful preparation of chromosome specimens in vitro. Methods Chinese hamster lung cells(CHL)were used for cell culture and chromosome preparation. Mitomycin and cyclophosphamide were used as positive mutagens. After routine hypotonic treatment,fixation, and squash preparation, finally, to read the film under the microscope. Results The CHL chromosome aberration test showed that both the chromosome aberration rates of mitomycin- and cyclophosphamide-treated cells were significantly increased(>20%),while the aberration rates in the negative control group were less than 5%, either with and without metabolic activation. The success rate was high and the prepared chromosomes were well dispersed with a moderate length. Conclusions Many factors can affect the specimen preparation in chromosome aberration test. Every step is very important,and it should be strictly following the operating procedures. It is of importance to grasp the principle of each step and to operate carefully,patiently and scientifically in order to prepare good specimens.

Traditional Chinese medicine integrated with chemotherapy for stage IV non-surgical gastric cancer: a retrospective clinical analysis / 中西医结合学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) is regarded as an important treatment for gastric cancer patients, especially for those in advanced stage. To evaluate the effects of TCM treatment on gastric cancer patients, the authors performed a retrospective study to report the result of the integrated treatment of TCM with chemotherapy for stage IV non-surgical gastric cancer.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>In this study, 182 patients with stage IV and non-surgical gastric cancer were retrospectively analyzed to evaluate the effects of TCM integrated with chemotherapy. Among the 182 cases, 88 cases received integrated therapy consisting of TCM and chemotherapy, while 94 cases received chemotherapy alone. The overall survival and Karnofsky performance status (KPS) score were measured as the main outcome.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The median overall survival of the integrated therapy group and chemotherapy group were 16.9 and 10.5 months, respectively. The 1-, 3- and 5-year survival rates of integrated therapy group vs. chemotherapy group were 70% vs. 32%, 18% vs. 4%, and 11% vs. 0%, respectively. There was a significant difference between the two groups (χ= 42.244, P > 0.001). After six-month treatment, KPS scores of the integrated therapy group and the chemotherapy group were 75.00 ± 14.78 and 60.64 ± 21.39, respectively (P > 0.001). The Cox regression analysis showed that TCM treatment is a protective factor for patients' overall survival.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>This study demonstrated that TCM integrated with chemotherapy may prolong overall survival and improve survival rate and life quality of patients with stage IV non-surgical gastric cancer.</p>

Effect of Thumb Pressing at Yangming Meridian on Function Rehabilitation After Total Knee Arthroplasty / 上海针灸杂志

Objective To observe the effect of thumb pressing at Yangming Meridian on the function rehabilitation after total knee arthroplasty (TKA) for knee osteoarthritis (KOA).Method Sixty KOA patients after TKA were randomized into a treatment group (thumb pressing at Yangming Meridian plus conventional rehabilitation) and a control group (single conventional rehabilitation),30 cases each.The treatment group was intervened by thumb pressing and kneading manipulation at the acupoints of Foot Yangming Meridian and Foot Taiyin Meridian plus rehabilitation training of passive flexion and extension by CPM machine,while the control group was intervened by rehabilitation training of passive flexion and extension by CPM machine.The American Hospital for Special Surgery (HSS) for knee joint,the American Knee Society score (KSS) and the Western Ontario and the McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) of KOA were used to evaluate the function.Result After the treatment,the HSS,KSS and WOMAC scores were changed significantly in both groups (P＜0.05).The improvements of HSS,KSS and WOMAC scores in the treatment group were superior to those in the control group,and the differences were statistically significant (P＜0.05).Conclusion The efficacy of thumb pressing at Yangming Meridian plus conventional rehabilitation for post-TKA KOA is superior to single conventional rehabilitation.

Renal rhabdoid synovial sarcoma: report of a case with literature review / 临床与实验病理学杂志

Purpose To report a rare case of renal rhabdoid synovial sarcoma and review the literature,in order to improve the realization for this disease and reduce misdiagnosis.Method The clinicopathological data of 1 case rhabdoid renal synovial sarcoma were retrospectively analyzed.The tumors were examined by immunohistochemical of EnVision two-step staining and FISH,the related literatures were reviewed.Result A 31-year-old male patient accepted the right kidney radical operation in November 2014 after imaging examination of right kidney tumor.Microscopically,the tumor cells showed short spindle cells with rich cytoplasm and eosinophilic bodies in the cytoplasm.The pathological diagnosis is the renal rhabdoid tumor for this time.The patient was found a tumor between the liver and the diaphragm by imaging examination in October 2015.The second operation was carried out successfully.Microscopically,the tumor cells were spindle with little cytoplasm and without eosinophilic bodies in the cytoplasm.It was a typical synovial sarcoma in morphology for this time.Immunohistochemical staining showed positive for vimentin,EMA,CD56,and TLE1,SS18SSX fusion gene was disclosed in the primary and recurrent tumor cells,it was therefore corrected as rhabdoid synovial sarcoma for the primary tumor.Conclusion Renal rhabdoid synovial sarcoma is rare.Renal primary rhabdoid synovial sarcoma is easily misdiagnosed as renal rhabdoid tumor.The renal rhabdoid synovial sarcoma has broadened the differential diagnosis of renal rhabdoid tumors spectrum.Even for a tumor with typical rhabdoid morphology,molecular biology method for differential diagnosis is needed.SS18-SSX fusion gene is the basis for diagnosis of synovial sarcoma.

Safety pharmacology research on Dexibuprofen injection / 药物评价研究

Objective To study the effects of Dexibuprofen injection on the central nervous,cardiovascular and respiratory systems in animals.Methods The effect of Dexibuprofen injection on central nervous system was observed by autonomic activities experiment,mice concordant ability experiment and hypnotize experiment induced by pentobarbital.The effects of Dexibuprofen injection on circulatory system and respiratory system were observed by measuring the implanted telemetry system,blood pressure,ECG;respiratory rate and tidal volume of Beagle's dogs.Results Dexibuprofen injection (80 mg/kg) showed synergistic action with pentobarbital,and no significant effects on autonomic activities and concordant ability at doses of 20,40 and 80 mg/kg in mice.Dexibuprofen injection at doses of 10,20 and 40 mg/kg had no effect on the central nervous,cardiovascular and respiratory systems.In the same dose,the adverse reaction of Dexibuprofen injection was not increased compared with Ibuprofen injection.Conclusion Dexibuprofen injection (mice 40 mg/kg,dog 40 mg/kg) has none toxicity on cardiovascular,respiratory and central nervous systems,but at the dose of 80 mg/kg in mice has obvious effect on central nervous system.

Steven-Johnson syndrome and toxic epidermal necrolysis in Northern Sarawak between year 2011 and 2015: a retrospective review of causative agents and clinical outcome

Objective: To determine the causes and treatment outcome of Stevens-Johnson syndrome [SJS] and toxic epidermal necrolysis [TEN]

Methods: A retrospective review was conducted on SJS and TEN cases admitted to Miri General Hospital between year 2011 and 2015

Results: Total of ten patients were admitted in five years period, nine cases of SJS and one case of TEN with highest number recorded in 2014 [4 cases]. The commonest causative agent was allopurinol [30%]. Among the ten cases, 7 patients were given steroids, 1 patient given intravenous immunoglobulin [IVIG], 2 patients given both steroids and IVIG. There was a case mortality from SJS secondary to allopurinol after 38 days of admission and patient was given only corticosteroids

Conclusion: Allopurinol is the most common causative agent with mortality in Miri General Hospital. Allopurinol should be used judiciously. Combination therapy had tendency to reduce mortality rate in comparison with corticosteroid therapy alone. However, in view of small sample size, efficacy and superiority between treatment of corticosteroids and IVIG cannot be assessed

Study on pathomorphological changes of the Iiver in Beagle Dog with spontaneous hepatocirrhosis / 中国比较医学杂志

Objective To study the liver pathomorphological and serum biochemical changes in Beagle dog with spontaneous hepatocirrhosis and establish the backgroud information of experimental animals for GLP .Methods The ALT, AST,TP,ALB, ALP, TBIL, TC, TG and GGT were detected using an automatic biochemical analyzer , and compared the differences of above index between blank control and diseased animal .The histological changes of the liver were observed by optical microscopy.Results Compared with the blank control ,the ALT,AST,ALP,TBIL and GGT of diseased dogs were increased significantly , and the ALB decreased significantly .Compared with normal dogs , the liver cells had nodular regeneration , arranged irregularly and pseudolobule formation .The pseudolobules were packaged with collagen fibers . Conclusion It is suggested that spontaneous lesions in Beagle dogs should be monitored so as to provide appropriate experimental animal histopathologicalbackgroud information for drug safety evaluation .

Progress of sulfur fumigation and modern processing technology of Chinese traditional medicines / 中国中药杂志

Infestation, moldy and other phenomenon in the processing and storage of Chinese herbal medicines is a problem that faced in the production of Chinese traditional medicine. The low productivity of traditional processing methods can not guarantee the quality of Chinese herbal medicines. Sulfur fumigation is the first choice of grassroots to process the Chinese herbal medicine with its low cost and easy operation. Sulfur fumigation can solve some problems in the processing and storage of Chinese herbal medicines, but modern pharmacological studies show that long-term use of Chinese traditional medicine which is fumigated by sulfur can cause some serious harm to human liver, kidney and other organs. This paper conducts a review about the application history of sulfur fumigation, its influence to the quality of Chinese herbal medicines as well as domestic and foreign limits to sulfur quantity, and a brief introduction of the status of modern processing technologies in the processing of food and some Chinese herbal medicines, the problems ex- isting in the Chinese herbal medicines processing, which can provide a reference basis for the further research, development and application of investigating alternative technologies of sulfur fumigation.

Ultra-Early Surgery for Poor-Grade Intracranial Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage: A Preliminary Study

PURPOSE: To describe the therapeutic effect and possibility of the ultra-early surgery for poor-grade aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (Hunt-Hess grades IV - V). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Nine cases with intracranial aneurysms, demonstrated by computed tomographic angiography (CTA), were treated by ultra-early surgery under general anesthesia within 24 hours from subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH), 5 cases were treated within 6 hours and 4 cases in 6 - 24 hours. Preoperative Hunt-Hess grade: 6 cases were IV and 3 cases were V. The clinical outcome was evaluated by Glasgow Outcome Scores (GOS). RESULTS: In operation, difficult dissection occurred in 5 cases (55.6%), and rupture of aneurysm occurred and temporary obstructions were performed in 4 cases (44.4%). After clipping of aneurysm, 2 cases underwent V-P shunt because of hydrocephalus, pulmonary infection occurred in 3 cases, hypothalamus reaction accompanied with upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage in 2 cases. The clinical outcome were favorable (GOS 4 - 5) in 4 cases (44.4%), dissatisfied (GOS 2 - 3) in 3 cases (33.3%), and dead (GOS 1) in 2 cases (22.2%) when patients departed from our hospital. CONCLUSION: The ultra-early surgery can avoid early rebleeding of intracranial aneurysm, therefore, should be considered in the treatment of Hunt-Hess grade IV-V intracranial aneurysms. The appliance of CTA can make it possible to use of ultra-early surgery and improve the therapeutic effect.

Influential factors for the sensory integration training effects in children with autism / 中国当代儿科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>There are many factors affecting the sensory integration training (SIT) effects in children with autism. This study explored the influential factors for SIT effects in the aspect of the model of sensory processing.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Ninety-three autistic children aged 1.8-8.3 years were evaluated by the autism behavior checklist (ABC) and the Dunn's model of sensory processing. The SIT effects were evaluated by the sensory integrative schedule. The effects of sex, age, ABC scores and the Dunn's model of sensory processing were investigated by logistic regression analysis.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Logistic regression analysis showed that ABC scores (Wald=6.768, <0.01) and the Dunn's model of sensory processing (Wald=13.549, <0.01) were influential factors for the SIT effects. The Dunn's model of sensory processing was shown as a more important influential factor. Sex (Wald=1.549, >0.05) and age (Wald=0.010, >0.05) were not related to the STT effects.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The Dunn's model of sensory processing is a major influential factor for the SIT effects in children with autism.</p>

Effect of acupuncture on rehabilitation training of child's autism / 中国针灸

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To observe the effect of acupuncture on rehabilitation training for children's autism.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Forty autistic children receiving rehabilitation training were divided into a control group and a treatment group, 20 cases in each group. The control group received rehabilitation training including ABA training, the Conductive Education Approach and the training of sensory integration, about 90 sessions for each training; the treatment group received acupuncture treatment for 60-90 sessions after the rehabilitation training. Their results were detected by the revised Chinese version of Psycho-Educational Profile for autistic and developmentally disabled children (C-PEP).</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The markedly effective rate was 55.0% in the treatment group and 15.0% in the control group with a very significant difference between the two groups (P < 0.01); the differences before and after training in some projects such as the total score of development, imitation, oral cognition in the treatment group were very significantly different from those in the control group (P < 0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Acupuncture combined with scientific and effective rehabilitation training has a better therapeutic effect than that of the simple rehabilitation training for child's autism.</p>

Analysis of Hemorheological Examination of 3483 Healthy Adults in Xi'an / 中国康复理论与实践

@#ObjectiveTo analyze the relationship between result of hemorheology and non-pathological factors such as sex, age and life habit.Methods3483 healthy adults who had health examination were divided into different groups according to sex and age, and results of hemorheological test of them were analyzed and compared with reference values.ResultsAll hemorheological indexes of men were higher than that of women. The whole blood viscosity of female had an increasing trend along with the age increasing. However, the result of hemorheology of male showed that the index of the age of 30～49 was higher than the age of more than 50, and had a decreasing trend along with the age increasing after the age of 50. The index of high shear viscosity, low shear viscosity and hematocrit of both male and female were all higher than the reference values offered by apparatus.ConclusionEffect of non-pathological factors such as age, sex and life habit on index of hemorheology should be considered.

Effect of Low-level Laser Irradiation on Organism(review) / 中国康复理论与实践

@#Low-level laser effects a special biology stimulation that has been widely used in clinic. In this article, the biological effect of low-level laser irradiation was summarized, and the application in different systems, such as immunity, circulation, metabolism and nerves were reviewed.

Effect of Low-level Laser Irradiation on Organism(review) / 中国康复理论与实践

@#Low-level laser effects a special biology stimulation that has been widely used in clinic. In this article, the biological effect of low-level laser irradiation was summarized, and the application in different systems, such as immunity, circulation, metabolism and nerves were reviewed.

Evaluation of a pilot study on needle and syringe exchange program among injecting drug users in a community in Guangdong, China / 中华预防医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the feasibility and effectiveness of needle and syringe exchange program among a community of injecting drug users (IDUs) on AIDS prevention.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A quasi-experiment design was used in a controlled community intervention study. Needle and syringe exchange program was implemented for 10 months in IDUs of an intervention community, including peer education and health education, provision of free needles and syringes, and collecting back of used needles and syringes by trained peer educators and local health workers, whereas no intervention measure in a control community was instituted. Interviews with IDUs were conducted before and after intervention with a snowballing strategy to evaluate its effectiveness.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>A total of 428 and 429 IDUs were interviewed with structured questionnaire before and after intervention in intervention and control communities, respectively. Results revealed that awareness of HIV-related knowledge increased from 29.4% to 58.7% in the intervention community. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that awareness of HIV-related knowledge was higher in those who had read health education materials (OR = 2.93, 95% CI 2.12 - 4.04). As compared with the baseline data, frequency of sharing needles and syringes in past 30 days in the intervention community decreased from 48.9% to 20.4% in before intervention community (chi(2) = 41.02, P = 0.001), whereas there was no significant change in the control community. The causes of sharing needles and syringes in the intervention community included 'disable to get needle and syringe during the night', 'lack of needle and syringe when injecting at friend's home', 'not daring to buy needle and syringe for fear of being arrested' and 'no money to buy needle and syringe', declined markedly.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Needle and syringe exchange program was feasible and effective in reducing their risky drug injecting behavior among IDUs in communities. Such strategy should be adopted in the country to reduce rapid spread of HIV.</p>

Improved laparoscopic Vechitti procedure for constructing a functioning vagina / 中华整形外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the clinical effect of improved laparoscopic Vechitti procedure for constructing a functioning vagina.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>By using the method of raising vestibular mucosa, 18 patients with congenital absence of vagina and uterus underwent surgery in our hospital. No cave was made between bladder and rectum. The procedure involved puncturing the vulvar vestibulum pit with an epidural paracentetic needle or specially-made needle into abdominal cavity through rectovesical interspace, two drag-lines was introduced through anterior abdominal wall, using the line to tie a clothes button of 2.0-2.5 cm diameter to the vulva, rasing the lines day by day, the vestibule go upward along with the button, then the vagina was formed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>After the procedures, the artificial vagina of all 18 patients could hold a speculum and the mucosa appeared soft and smooth with normal lubrication. The vulvar tissues appeared uninjured and normal in all cases. The married patients were satisfactory to the intercourse. One case of vagino-rectal fistula was observed in a patient after she rode a bicycle with the vaginal mould.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The improved laparoscopic Vechitti procedure for constructing a functioning vagina has less trauma than conventional operation and is easy to operate. Therefore, the new improved procedure is a preferred way in constructing vagina for treating those patients.</p>