Effects of Liuweidihuang Decoction on cell proliferation and melanin synthesis of cultured human melanocytes in vitro / 南方医科大学学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the effects of Liuweidihuang Decoction on the proliferation and melanin synthesis of cultured human melanocytes in vitro.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>MTT assay was used to assess the proliferation of cultured human melanocytes after treatment with Liuweidihuang Decoction, and NaOH assay was employed to determine melanin synthesis.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Liuweidihuang Decoction at the concentration of 5%-15% did not affect the proliferation of the melanocytes (P>0.05), and the decoction at 20%-30% significantly inhibited the cell proliferation, especially at the optimal concentration of 30% (P<0.01). The decoction promoted melanin synthesis in the melanocytes at the concentration of 10%-15% with the optimal concentration of 15% (P<0.01) but failed to produce such an effect at 20%-30%.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Liuweidihuang Decoction exert a two-way regulation on the proliferation and melanin synthesis of cultured human melanocytes in vitro.</p>

Evaluation of absolute alcohol treatment for renal cyst with percutaneous puncture and catheterization under ultrasonographic guidance / 中华外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the effect of absolute alcohol treatment for renal cyst with percutaneous puncture and catheterization.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>This report presented 64 cases of renal cysts, 34 cases were treated with percutaneous puncture (A group) and 30 cases with percutaneous catheterization (B group). According to the size, the cysts were divided into 2 groups, more than 6 cm in diameter and less than 6 cm in diameter.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>All the patients were followed up for 3 - 12 months by CT or B ultrasonography. Striking difference of the therapeutic results were existed when cystS were more than 6 cm in diameter.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Percutaneous catheterization is applicable to the sclerosing treatment of renal cyst whose diameter is more than 6 cm.</p>

Optimal margin in nephron-sparing surgery for renal cell carcinoma 4 cm or less in diameter / 中华外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the optimal margin in nephron-sparing surgery (NSS) for renal cell carcinoma (RCC) 4 cm or less in diameter.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Eighty-two kidneys with RCC 4 cm or less in diameter resected by radical nephrectomy were prospectively studied. The kidney samples were sectioned at 3 mm interval and examined for multicentricity. On each layer of tissue sectioned, parenchyma margin of 15 mm beyond pseudocapsule was continuously sectioned and examined for completeness of pseudocapsule and extra-pseudocapsule cancer lesion. The farthest distance between extra-pseudocapsule lesion and primary tumor was measured. PCNA expression was detected in 41 patients by using standard SP immunohistochemistry technique.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The diameter of 82 primary tumors was 3.4 +/- 0.8 cm (range 1.5 - 4.0 cm). Of these, 31.7% (26/82) were found without intact pseudocapsule and 17.1% (14/82) with positive cancer lesions beyond pseudocapsule. The average distance between extra-pseudocapsule cancer lesion and primary tumor was 0.5 +/- 1.3 mm (range 0 - 5.0 mm), with a confidential interval (CI) of 95% (0.11, 0.94). Statistically, the one side percentile P(95) was 4.9 mm, P(97.5) was 5.0 mm and P(100) was 5.0 mm. The mean PCNA index in the 41 patients with RCC was (29.5 +/- 17.6)%, which was (49.6 +/- 21.5)% in the group with extra-pseudocapsule cancer lesions and (24.6 +/- 12.7)% in the group without (t = 3.162, P = 0.013). The ratio of strong expression was 5/8 in the group with extra-pseudocapsule cancer lesions, and 18.2% (6/33) in the group without the lesions (chi(2) = 6.442, P = 0.011). Logistic regression analysis showed that completeness of pseudocapsule and PCNA index were significant predictors of extra-pseudocapsule cancer lesions (P = 0.019).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>These data suggest that when NSS is performed in RCC 4 cm or less in diameter, a margin of more than 5 mm of adjacent parenchyma should be excised with the tumor. Enucleation alone was associated with a significant risk of incomplete excision, and therefore liable for local recurrence. Tumors with incomplete pseudocapsule and(or) high PCNA indices are more likely to have extra-pseudocapsule cancer lesions, so intensive follow-up is necessary after NSS.</p>