Progress in Image-planned and Real-time Image-guided Lung Cancer Biopsy in the Detection of Biomarkers / 中国肺癌杂志

With the progress of targeted therapy and immunotherapy for lung cancer, the clinical demand for lung biopsy is increasing. An ideal biopsy specimen can be used not only for histopathological diagnosis, but also for biomarker detection. The ideal biopsy specimen should meet two requirements, including more than 60 mm2 of tumor tissue and containing more than 20% of tumor cells. In order to obtain ideal lung cancer biopsy specimens, advanced imaging techniques are needed to help. In this article, we reviewed the requirements for biopsy specimens based on biomarker detection, as well as the current status and research progress of using imaging techniques for preoperative planning and intraoperative real time guidance of lung cancer biopsy.
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Quantitative analysis of the effect of contact pressure on the reflection characteristics of radial pressure wave / 生物医学工程学杂志

The radial artery pulse wave contains a wealth of physiological and pathological information about the human body, and non-invasive studies of the radial artery pulse wave can assess arterial vascular elasticity in different age groups.The piezoelectric pulse wave transducers were used to non-invasively acquire radial artery pulse waves at different contact pressures in young and middle-aged and elderly populations. The radial artery waveforms were decomposed using a triangular blood flow model fitting method to obtain forward and reflected waves and calculate reflection parameters. Finally a correlation analysis and regression analysis of the contact pressure Psensor with the reflection parameters was carried out. The results showed that the reflection parameters RM, RI and Rd had a strong negative correlation with Psensor in both types of subjects, and the correlation coefficients and slopes of the regression curves were significantly different between the two types of subjects (P<0.05). Based on the results of this study, excessive contact pressure on the transducer should be avoided when detecting radial artery reflection waves in clinical practice. The results also show that the magnitude of the slope of the regression curve between the reflection parameters and the transducer contact pressure may be a potentially useful indicator for quantifying the elastic properties of the vessel.

Relationship between C-reactive protein or neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio and infection or short-term survival in patients with liver cirrhosis / 中国医师杂志

Objective To investigate whether C-reactive protein (CRP) and neutrophil/lymphocyte ration (NLR) can predict the infection complications and predict the short-term survival rate of patients with cirrhosis.Methods Data of 208 patients with liver cirrhosis from March 2013 to March 2016 were analyzed retrospectively.The effects of CRP concentration,NLR and other clinical factors on the infection and one-month survival rate of patients with liver cirrhosis were analyzed.Results Sixty-five patients with dominant infection during hospitalization were used as the infected group,while the other 143 patients were selected as uninfected group.The levels of CRP and NLR in the infected group were significantly higher than those in the uninfected group (CRP:t =16.216,P =0.003;NLR:t =7.211,P =0.025).The results of univariate analysis showed that age,female,non-alcoholic cirrhosis,systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS),high level of CRP,and high NLR value were important risk factors of infection in cirrhotic patients.In multivariate analysis,female,high level of CRP,and high NLR value were the independent predictor of infection in patients with cirrhosis.Univariate analysis showed that NLR,model for end-stage liver disease (MELD) score,and WBC count were important predictors of 1-month survival.Multivariate analysis showed that high NLR was an independent predictor of one-month survival in Child Pugh C patients.Conclusions CRP level and NLR value may be an effective diagnostic marker in patients with liver cirrhosis.The high NLR value in patients with Child-Pugh C is an independent risk factor for poor short survival.

Relationship between C-reactive protein or neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio and infection or short-term survival in patients with liver cirrhosis / 中国医师杂志

Objective To investigate whether C-reactive protein (CRP) and neutrophil/lymphocyte ration (NLR) can predict the infection complications and predict the short-term survival rate of patients with cirrhosis.Methods Data of 208 patients with liver cirrhosis from March 2013 to March 2016 were analyzed retrospectively.The effects of CRP concentration,NLR and other clinical factors on the infection and one-month survival rate of patients with liver cirrhosis were analyzed.Results Sixty-five patients with dominant infection during hospitalization were used as the infected group,while the other 143 patients were selected as uninfected group.The levels of CRP and NLR in the infected group were significantly higher than those in the uninfected group (CRP:t =16.216,P =0.003;NLR:t =7.211,P =0.025).The results of univariate analysis showed that age,female,non-alcoholic cirrhosis,systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS),high level of CRP,and high NLR value were important risk factors of infection in cirrhotic patients.In multivariate analysis,female,high level of CRP,and high NLR value were the independent predictor of infection in patients with cirrhosis.Univariate analysis showed that NLR,model for end-stage liver disease (MELD) score,and WBC count were important predictors of 1-month survival.Multivariate analysis showed that high NLR was an independent predictor of one-month survival in Child Pugh C patients.Conclusions CRP level and NLR value may be an effective diagnostic marker in patients with liver cirrhosis.The high NLR value in patients with Child-Pugh C is an independent risk factor for poor short survival.

Immunohistochemical Study of Heart-regulating and Mind-calming Acupuncture for Adjusting Cx43 Expression in Myocardial Cells inaRabbit Model of Ventricular Arrhythmia / 上海针灸杂志

ObjectiveTo investigate the effect of heart-regulating and mind-calming acupuncture on the expression of gap junction protein connexin43 (Cx43) in myocardial cells in a rabbit model of ventricular arrhythmia.MethodA rabbit model of ventricular arrhythmia was made by injecting barium chloride into the marginal ear vein. Forty New Zealand rabbits were randomized into control, model, acupuncture and medication groups. The acupuncture group received heart-regulating and mind-calming acupuncture[at Lingtai(GV10), Shendao(GV11), bilateral Neiguan(PC6)and Baihui(GV20)]and the medication group, oral gavage of propafenone. Rabbit left ventricle was taken after the completion of the experiment. Cx43 expressions were compared and analyzed usingan immunohistochemical staining technique and a computer image processing system.ResultCx43 expression decreased significantly in the model group compared with the control group (P0.05).Conclusion Adjusting Cx43 expression in myocardial cells may be one of the target points for this acupuncture treatment of arrhythmia.

Clinical Study of Ascending-descending Acupuncture Method Regulation of the Spleen and Stomach for Treatment of Spleen Deficiency-type Diarrhea in Irritable Bowel Syndrome / 上海针灸杂志

Objective To investigate the efficacy of ascending-descending acupuncture method regulation of the spleen and stomach in treating spleen deficiency-type diarrhea in irritable bowel syndrome and its effect on serum vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) and 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) levels. Methods Sixty irritable bowel syndrome patients with spleen deficiency-type diarrhea were randomly allocated to treatment and control groups, 30 cases each. The treatment group received ascending-descending acupuncture method regulation of the spleen and stomach and the control group, oral administration of pinaverium bromide. The symptom of diarrhea was scored and the vasoactive intestinal peptide and 5-hydroxytryptamine contents of serum were measured in the two groups before and after four weeks of treatment. Results There were statistically significant post-treatment differences in the diarrhea symptom score and serum vasoactive intestinal peptide and 5-hydroxytryptamine contents between the treatment and control groups (P＜0.05). There were statistically significant pre-/post-treatment differences in the diarrhea symptom score and serum vasoactive intestinal peptide and 5-hydroxytryptamine contents in the two groups (P＜0.05). Conclusion Ascending-descending acupuncture method regulation of the spleen and stomach is an effective way to treat spleen deficiency-type diarrhea in irritable bowel syndrome. It can effectively regulate the vasoactive intestinal peptide and 5-hydroxytryptamine contents of serum in the patients.

Characterization and subcellular localization of two 14-3-3 genes and their response to abiotic stress in wheat / 生物工程学报

In order to investigate biological functions of the 14-3-3 genes and their response to abiotic stress, two cDNAs (designated as Ta14R1 and Ta14R2) encoding putative 14-3-3 proteins were isolated from wheat by PCR and rapid amplification of cDNA end (RACE) technique. The cDNA of Ta14R1 is 999bp and encodes a protein of 262 amino acids, while the cDNA of Ta14R2 is 897bp in length and encodes a protein of 261 amino acids. Transient expression assays using Ta14R1/Ta14R2-GFP fusion constructs indicated that Ta14R1 and Ta14R2 were located in cytoplasm and cell membrane but not in chloroplasts. Real-time quantitative (RT-PCR) analysis revealed that Ta14R1 and Ta14R2 were differentially expressed in wheat tissues and significantly up-regulated in roots and shoots 1d after germination, indicating they may play a role in process of seed germination. The expression of the two genes in roots and leaves were significantly induced by plant hormone ABA, as well as heat, cold and drought treatments, suggesting that the two 14-3-3 genes in wheat may be involved in ABA dependent stress-responding pathway and response to heat, cold and drought stress.

C2-ceramide induced apoptosis of malignant mesothelioma cells in v itro / 实用肿瘤学杂志

Objective In this research ,the effects of exogenous C 2-ceramide on the induction of apop-tosis of mesothelioma cells in vitro and related important proteins are investigated .Mtehods Mesothelioma cells were treated with various doses of C 2-ceramide for different duration .Cell viability were analyzed by cell count-ing kit-8 assay.Morphological changes of apoptosis of mesothelioma cells were observed by Diff Quik staining . Apoptosis of mesothelioma cells was also detected by Caspase -3 assay and lactate dehydrogenase(LDH)assay. Related important proteins involved in the signal transduction of apoptosis were detected by western blot .Results In vitro,C2-ceramide demonstrated a dose -and time-dependent inhibition of cell proliferation .Apoptotic bodies were observed by Diff Quik staining .The antiproliferative effect of 80 μm C2-ceramide was paralleled with an increase in Caspase -3 activity.LDH assay showed that C2-ceramide at a concentration of 80μm signifi-cantly promoted cells death .After treated by C2-ceramide,the expressions of Bax and the phosphorylated JNK in mesothelioma cells were increased , however , the expression of phosphorylated ERK 1/2 kinase was decreased . Conclusion Our results indicate that C 2-ceramide induced apoptosis of malignant mesothelioma cells in vitro . This anti-tumor affect is achieved by adjusting related important proteins .

Prevalence and management of asthma in downtown of Qingdao city / 中国医师进修杂志

Objective To explore the prevalence and management status of asthma in downtown of Qingdao City.Method A stratified-cluster-disproportional random sampling survey was conducted with uniform procedure and questionnaire.Results The overall incidence of asthma in Qingdao City was 3.12％ (188/6026).The 2 most frequently risk factors of asthma were the allergic history and the asthma heredity (OR =3.562,2.381,P ＜ 0.05 ).In 188 diagnosed asthma patients,only 65 (34.5％)asthma patients accepted the guideline therapy,and 51 (27.1％)of them achieved well-controlled or total control.The 2 common reasons for the poor compliance were fear of adverse drug reaciion and feeling of ineffectiveness of inhaled corticosteroids.Conclusion The population in urban area of Qingdao City is suffered with high prevalence of asthma,poor compliance of guideline treatment and terrible management status.

Clinical study on myocardial enzymes change of patients with severe pneumonia in ICU / 中国基层医药

Objective To observe the clinical significance of myocardial enzymes change of patients with severe pneumonia in intensive care unit (ICU). Methods 60 patients with severe pneumonia ( severe pneumonia group) and 58 patients with ordinary pneumonia( pneumonia group) were studied,and 60 healthy subjects were studied as normal control group. The CK-MB,CK,HBDH and AST levels of the research objects were analyzed by automatic chemistry analyzer. Results The enzyme indicators of severe pneumonia group were higher than the pneumonia group and normal control group, compared with the pneumonia group and normal control group, the differences were significant( all P ＜ 0. 05 ); The enzyme indicators of the pneumonia group compared with normal control group the difference was not significant(P ＞ 0. 05). The effective rate of severe pneumonia was 96.7% ,ineffective 2 cases died in the treatment. The effective rate of pneumonia group was 100.0% ,and no deaths occurred. Conclusion There was myocardial damage in patients with severe pneumonia,myocardial enzyme could be used as a valuable indicator for diagnosis, observing tendency, and predicting prognosis of patients with severe pneumonia in ICU.

Spatiotemporal expression patterns of three vernalization genes in wheat / 生物工程学报

To identify spatiotemporal expression patterns of vernalization genes in common wheat, we analyzed expression characteristics of several vernalization genes (VRN1, VRN2 and VRN3) in the wheat cultivars 'Chinese spring' and 'Luohan 2' by RT-PCR. The VRN1 gene was expressed at different levels in the leaves and roots at the 3-leaf stage, stems, flag leaves at the grain-filling stage, anthers, ovules, and developing seeds in 'Chinese spring'. Expression of VRN1 increased before flowering date, then decreased after flowering time. Expression of VRN1 was not detected in dry seeds or seeds germination. Expression patterns of VRN1 in 'Luohan 2' were similar to those in 'Chinese spring', except that it was not expressed in roots or in the leaves at the 3-leaf stage in 'Luohan 2'. Expression of VRN2 was only detected in the leaves at the 3-leaf stage and in the embryo buds during seeds germination. The Spatiotemporal expression of VRN3 was similar to that of VRN1, except that VRN3 was not expressed in roots. These results improved our understanding of the molecular regulation of vernalization genes in common wheat.

Insulin receptor substrate 2 content and tyrosine phosphorylation in diabetes mellitus rat skeletal muscle cells and the correlations with different densities of exercises / 中国组织工程研究

BACKGROUND: Exercise can enhance the sensitivity and action effects of insulin. Its effects on insulin are closely related to skeletal muscle cell insulin receptor substrate 2 (IRS-2)-mediated function.OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of different densities of exercise on ISR-2 protein content and tyrosine phohorylation in diabetes mellitus rat skeletal muscle cells.DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING: A randomized controlled animal experiment was performed at the Laboratory of Physical Education institute of Liaoning Normal University between April and June 2008.MATERIALS: A total of 60 healthy Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into 6 groups, with 10 rats per group: normal control, diabetes mellitus control, exercise intensity 15, 20, 25, and 30 m/min.METHODS: Diabetes mellitus was induced in rats by an intraperioneal injection of streptozocin in all groups except for the normal control group, in which, the same amount of citrate buffer solution was given. Diabetes mellitus rats were daily forced to do 50-minute exercise at an intensity of 15, 20, 25, or 30 m/min, 6 days a week, for a total of 6 weeks. Exercise was not given in the normal control and diabetes mellitus control groups. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: IRS-2 protein content and tyrosine phosphorylation in the rat skeletal muscle cells were examined by Western blot analysis.RESULTS: Compared with diabetes mellitus control group, IRS-2 content increased by 17%, 24.4%, 23.4%, and 21.3% in the 15, 20, 25, and 30 m/min groups accordingly (P<0.05 or P<0.01), and tyrosine phosphorytation of IRS-2 protein was enhanced by 34.7%, 37.2%, 40.2%, and 38.8% in these four groups (P<0.01), But the IRS-2 protein content and its tyrosine phosphorylation did not recover to levels of normal control group. There was no statistical significance in IRS-2 protein expression and tyrosine phosphorylation among exercise intensity 15, 20, 25, and 30 m/min groups.CONCLUSION: Under different intensities of exercise, IRS-2 protein content increases, in particular over 20 m/min, while the tyrosine phosphorylation of IRS-2 protein in skeletal muscle in diabetes mellitus rats is not affected.

Activities of myocardial mitochondria enzyme complexes of respiratory chain in rats after living high-training low Time for the acclimatization of mitochondria / 中国组织工程研究

BACKGROUND: Previous studies have suggested living high-training low (HiLt) is effective in 4-6 weeks. We know little about the acclimatization time of mitochondria and activities of enzyme complexes during the process of HiLo. OBJECTIVE: Using rat models under simulated HiLt condition, to observe the dynamic changes in mitochondrial respiration and activities of enzyme complexes during the process of HiLt under hypoxia, so as to investigate the acclimatization time of mitochondria and enzyme complexes of respiratory chain needed during HiLo. DESIGN: Grouping and controlled animal trial. SETTING: Exercise Physiology Laboratory of Physical Education Institute of Liaoning Normal University. MATERIALS: Forty healthy adult SD rats, either male or female, were provided by the Animal Experimental Center.of Dalian Medical University. The animal procedure was accorded with the animal ethics. The hypoxia partial pressure machine (HTS) was from Hypoxico Company of America, and Oxygen partial pressure monitor was TOXIBLAEPGM-36 from America. METHODS: After 1 week of adaptive feeding, the rats were randomly divided into normoxic control group, HiLo 1, 2, 3, and 4 weeks groups with 8 rats in each group. HiLt groups lived at 2 500 m (O2 content was around 15.4%) and swam at 1 300 m (O2 content was around 19.4%), 1 hour once for 4 weeks. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The activities of enzyme complexes Ⅰ-Ⅳ in the respiratory chain of mitochondria were measured using UV-spectrophotometer, and the method of Bradford was used to quantify protein of mitochondria. RESULTS: The activities of enzyme complexes Ⅰ-Ⅳ of respiratory chain reduced significantly compared with control group in the first week (P < 0.05-0.01); the activities of enzyme complexes Ⅲ recovered completely in the second week, which was not significantly different from the control group (P > 0.05). The activities of enzyme complexes Ⅰ-Ⅳ recovered completely in third week compared with the control group (P > 0.05). There was no significant difference in protein quantity of mitochondria between HiLo 1 and 2 weeks groups and control group (P > 0.05), but significant differences were found between HiLo 3 and 4 weeks groups and control group (P < 0.05) CONCLUSION: The acclimatization of the activities of enzyme complexes Ⅰ-Ⅳ in the respiratory chain will complete in three weeks in rats during the process of HiLo.

Activities of myocardial mitochondria enzyme complexes of respiratory chain in rats after living high-training low:Time for the acclimatization of mitochondria / 中国组织工程研究

0.05), but significant differences were found between HiLo 3 and 4 weeks groups and control group (P

Interfering Effect of Glutathione on Pulmonary Fibrosis in Rats / 中国医师杂志

Objective To observe the effect of glutathione on bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis in rats .Methods Fifty-four SD rats in good conditions were divided into three groups at random:control group ,BLM group,glutathione(GSH) group.On experimental day(day 0),the rats were intratracheally instilled with bleomycin(5mg?kg -1 .body weight),and then treated with intraperitoneal injection of glutathione .On days 7,14,28 after instillation ,six rats of each group were sacrified respectively and the lungs were harvested for histopathological examination and determinations of GSH and hydroxyproline(HYP).Results Pathological findings of GSH group were the same as BLM group,but compared with BLM group,pathomorphologic changes in GSH group was a small extent.The content of GSH in lung tissue was increased significantly(P0 05).Conclusions Glutathione has anti-oxidation and may protect lung tissue free from oxidation injury, but it has no protecting effect on collagen deposition caused by bleomycin.