Progress on nutritional assessment and nutritional support for liver transplant recipients / 器官移植

Patients with end-stage liver disease after liver transplantation constantly suffer from malnutrition due to primary diseases and transplantation-related factors. Malnutrition will worsen clinical condition of the patients, increase the incidence of complication, length of hospital stay and medical expense after transplantation, and lower the survival rate. Sufficient nutritional support at all stages of liver transplantation is of significance. Accurate assessment of nutritional status and timely intervention are prerequisites for perioperative nutritional treatment in liver transplantation. In this article, the latest nutritional risk screening indexes and evaluation tools, nutritional support methods and other perioperative nutritional intervention measures for liver transplantation were reviewed, aiming to deepen the understanding and cognition of perioperative nutritional therapy for liver transplantation and provide reference for improving nutritional status and clinical prognosis of liver transplant recipients.

Influence of lymphadenectomy on efficacy of patients with intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma at different locations / 中华消化外科杂志

Objective:To investigate the influence of lymphadenectomy on efficacy of patients with intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) at different locations.Methods:The retro-spective cohort study was conducted. The clinicopathological data of 123 patients with ICC who were admitted to the Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College from January 2015 to January 2022 were collected. There were 78 males and 45 females, aged 55(rage, 50?60)years. All patients underwent radical resection. Observation indicators: (1) clinical characteristics of patients with ICC; (2) follow-up; (3) surgical situations in ICC patients with different number of lymph nodes dissected. Measurement data with normal distribution were represented as Mean± SD, and compari-son between groups was conducted using the independent sample t test. Measurement data with skewed distribution were represented as M(range), and comparison between groups was conducted using the Mann-Whitney U test. Count data were described as absolute numbers or percentages, and comparison between groups was conducted using the chi-square test. Kaplan-Meier method was used to draw survival curve and Log-Rank test was used for survival analysis. Results:(1) Clinical characteristics of patients with ICC. Of the 123 patients, 81 cases had peripheral ICC and 42 cases had central ICC. The albumin-bilirubin grade (grade 1, grade 2?3), preoperative lymph node metastasis risk assessment (low risk, high risk), the number of lymph nodes dissected (<6, ≥6), lymph node metastasis (positive, negative) were 57, 24, 51, 30, 49, 32, 15, 66 in patients with peripheral ICC, versus 19, 23, 17, 25, 14, 28, 16, 26 in patients with central ICC, showing significant differences in the above indicators between them ( χ2=7.40, 5.66, 8.17, 5.62, P<0.05). (2) Follow-up. All the 123 patients were followed up for 28(range, 21?38)months. The 3-year overall survival rate was 57.8% in the 81 patients with peripheral ICC, versus 32.3% in the 42 patients with central ICC, showing a significant difference between them ( χ2=5.98, P<0.05). Of the 42 patients with central ICC, there were 25 cases with high risk of lymph node metastasis before surgery and 17 cases with low risk of lymph node metastasis before surgery. Of the 25 central ICC patients with high risk of lymph node metastasis before surgery, the 3-year overall survival rate was 28.9% in the 18 cases with the number of lymph nodes dissected ≥6, versus 14.3% in the 7 cases with the number of lymph nodes dissected <6, showing a significant difference between them ( χ2=8.90, P<0.05). (3) Surgical situa-tions in patients with the different number of lymph nodes dissected. Of the 123 patients, cases with the number of lymph nodes dissected <6 and ≥6 were 63 and 60, and there was no significant difference in the operation time, intraoperative blood transfusion, postoperative complications, bile leakage, liver insufficiency, pulmonary infection, pleural effusion, abdominal effusion, or lymphatic leakage between them ( P>0.05). One patient might have multiple complications. Conclusions:The prognosis of patients with peripheral ICC is better than that of patients with central ICC. For patients with central ICC who are at high risk of lymph node metastasis before surgery, adequate lymph node dissection may result in a better prognosis.

Screening and validating the prognostic biomarkers of hepatocelluar carcinoma based on reverse phase protein arrays / 中华肝胆外科杂志

Objective To screen and validate the prognostic biomarkers of patients with hepatocelluar carcinoma (HCC) based on reverse phase protein array (RPPA).Methods All public RPPA data (HCC patients) in TCGA database before December 2017 were enrolled in this study.Univariate and multivariate Cox analysis were used to screen the target proteins with prognostic value.From January 2013 to January 2014,121 HCC patients who were treated in the Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College were enrolled in the study.Prognostic related proteins screened from RPPA data were detected in these patients' tumor specimen.Then,the correlations between the expression of the screened protein and prognosis was further analyzed.Results In the 218 protein,23 was related with HCC patient prognosis.Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that high expression of NOTCH1 (HR=1.515,95％ CI:1.287～1.845,P＜0.05) and high expression of AKT1 (HR=1.119,95％ CI:1.033～ 1.203,P＜0.05) increased the risk of death,while high expression of NF2 (HR=0.865,95％ CI:0.783～0.956,P＜0.05) decreased the risk of death.The results of clinical data analysis indicated that there were significant differences of NOTCH1,AKT1 and NF2 level between HCC and adjacent tissue.Further survival analysis revealed that high expression of NOTCH1 and AKT1 were significantly associated with poor prognosis.The expression of NF2 was correlated with prognosis,but the difference was not statistically significant (P＞0.05).Conclusion RPPA,as a high throughput protein expression quantitative technique,can be used for screening prognostic markers,and the reliability of the screening results is higher in general.

Application of hepatic image analysis system in assisting preoperative planning for liver surgery / 临床肝胆病杂志

ObjectiveTo perform preoperative planning, virtual resection, and risk assessment for patients to be treated by hepatectomy using the liver hepatic image analysis system (IQQA-Liver) and to evaluate the effect and feasibility of three-dimensional (3D) image reconstruction in assisting liver surgery planning. MethodsA retrospective analysis was performed on 32 patients who underwent 3D imaging-assisted preoperative planning from July 2012 to July 2014. The full/residual liver volume was calculated; intrahepatic duct reconstruction was performed; the scheme and extent of surgical removal were simulated. The efficacy of reconstruction and the feasibility of surgical plan were evaluated. ResultsSurgery was completed according to the 3D imaging-assisted preoperative plan in 29 (90.63%) of the 32 patients. After operation, biliary fistula occurred in 1 case, pleural effusion in 3 cases, and ascites in 3 cases. All patients were discharged safely with a mean hospital stay of 13±4 d. ConclusionThe 3D image reconstruction of the liver contributes to individualized operation and improves the certainty of surgery though intuitive understanding of the location of the tumor and its anatomic relationship with surrounding vessels and bile ducts or virtual liver surgery.