Effect and mechanism of oxycodone hydrochloride on inflammation and neuronal apoptosis in epileptic rats / 中华老年心脑血管病杂志

Objective To explore the effect of oxycodone hydrochloride on inflammation and neuro-nal apoptosis in epileptic rats through c-Jun amino terminal kinase(JNK)/p38 mitogen activated protein kinase(p38 MAPK)signaling pathway.Methods After epileptic rat model was success-fully constructed,72 epileptic rats were randomly divided into model group,low-,medium-and high-dose oxycodone hydrochloride groups(0.125,0.25 and 0.5 mg/kg),anisomycin(JNK activa-tor 5 mg/kg)and combined group(0.5 mg/kg oxycodone hydrochloride+5 mg/kg anisomycin),with 12 rats in each group.Another 12 healthy rats were selected as control group.In 24 h after the end of administration,the frequency and duration of seizures were recorded for all rats.ELISA was used to detect the serum levels of TNF-α and IL-6,HE staining was employed to observe the his-topathological changes in hippocampal CA1 region,and TUNEL staining was applied to detect the apoptosis of CA1 region neurons.The expression of JNK,p-JNK,p38 MAPK,p-p38 MAPK and Caspase-3 in hippocampal CA1 region was detected by Western blotting.Results Compared with the rats from the control group,those of the model group showed higher frequency and longer du-ration of seizures,higher serum TNF-α and IL-6 levels,increased apoptotic rate of hippocampal CA1 neurons,and elevated p-JNK/JNK ratio,p-p38 MAPK/p38 MAPK ratio and Caspase-3 expression(P＜0.05).While low-,medium-and high-dose oxycodone hydrochloride treatment re-versed above changes in frequency and duration of seizures,serum TNF-α and IL-6 levels,neuro-nal apoptosis,p-JNK/JNK ratio,p-p38 MAPK/p38 MAPK ratio and Caspase-3 expression(P＜0.05).In the anisomycin group,higher frequency and longer duration of seizures,elevated serum TNF-α and IL-6 levels,increased neuronal apoptotic rate in hippocampal CA1 region,and en-hanced p-JNK/JNK ratio,p-p38 MAPK/p38 MAPK ratio and Caspase-3 expression(P＜0.05).Lower frequency and shorter duration of seizures,decreased serum TNF-α and IL-6 levels,and re-duced neuronal apoptotic rate in hippocampal CA1 region were observed in the combined group than the anisomycin group(P＜0.05).The combined group obtained statistically lower p-JNK/JNK ratio,p-p38 MAPK/p38 MAPK ratio and Caspase-3 expression in hippocampal CA1 region than the high-dose group,and opposite results than the anisomycin group(0.89±0.12 vs 0.25± 0.05 vs 1.08±0.16,0.81±0.08 vs 0.21±0.04 vs 0.94±0.12,0.79±0.12 vs 0.26±0.04 vs 0.89± 0.14,P＜0.05).Conclusion Oxycodone hydrochloride can reduce inflammatory response,im-prove epileptic symptoms and pathological damages,and protect neurons in epileptic rats,which is related to the inhibition of JNK/p38 MAPK signaling pathway.

Effect and mechanism of PNU-282987 on cognitive function of temporal lobe epilepsy model rats / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE To investigate the effect and mechanism of α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor （α7nAChR） agonists PNU-282987 on cognitive function in temporal lobe epilepsy （TLE） model rats. METHODS Sixty rats were randomly divided into control group， model group， PNU-282987 group （3 mg/kg） and methyllycaconitine （MLA）+PNU-282987 group （6 mg/kg MLA+3 mg/kg PNU-282987）， with 15 rats in each group. Except for control group， the TLE model was established in the other groups. After the model was successfully established， each group was given relevant medicine or normal saline intraperitoneally， once a day， for two consecutive weeks. The epilepsy attack of rats was observed and scored， and the duration of seizures was recorded； the cognitive function of rats was detected； pathological morphology of neurons in CA1 region was observed； the levels of tumor necrosis factor-α （TNF-α）， interleukin-6 （IL-6） and IL-1β in the hippocampus were detected； the positive expressions of ionized calcium-binding adapter molecule-1 （IBA-1）， α7nAChR， nuclear factor-κB （NF-κB） p65， p-NF-κB p65 in the hippocampus were detected. RESULTS Compared with model group， the score and duration of seizures， the number of IBA-1 positive cells， the levels of TNF- α， IL-6 and IL-1β， the expressions of NF- κB p65 and p-NF- κB p65 protein decreased significantly in the hippocampus （P＜0.05）； the escape latency time was shortened significantly （P＜0.05）， the time spent in the original platform quadrant and times of crossing the platform increased significantly （P＜0.05）； neuronal damage in the CA1 region of the hippocampus was significantly reduced； the expression of α7nAChR protein increased significantly in hippocampus （P＜0.05）. Compared with PNU-282987 group， the above indexes of rats in MLA+PNU-282987 group were reversed significantly （P＜0.05）. CONCLUSIONS PNU-282987 could improve cognitive dysfunction in TLE model rats， and its mechanism may be associated with inhibiting microglia-mediated inflammatory response through α7nAChR/NF- κB signaling pathway， thus reducing hippocampal neuronal damage.

Effects of Cornus officinalis Polysaccharide on Learning and Memory Ability of Vascular Dementia Rats and Its Mechanism / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE:To study the effects of Cornus officinalis polysaccharide on learning and memory ability of vascular dementia (VD) model rats and its mechanism. METHODS:30 rats were randomly divided into sham operation (normal saline) group,model(normal saline)group and C. officinalis polysaccharide(0.28 g/kg)group. Except sham operation group,VD model was induced in other groups and given relevant medicine intragastrically once a day. After 4 weeks,the frequency of leaping over original platform position,water maze mean escape latencies,platform retention time and average swimming distance were detect-ed,and the mRNA and protein expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor(BDNF)and apoptosis related gene Bcl-2 in hippo-campal tissue of rats were determined. RESULTS:Compared with sham operation group,learning and memory ability of rats in model group weakened,manifesting as the frequency of leaping over original platform position decreased,water maze mean escape latencies prolonged,platform retention time shortened,average swimming distance extended(P<0.05);mRNA and protein expres-sion of BDNF and Bcl-2 in hippocampus decreased significantly (P<0.05). Compared with model group,learning and memory ability of rats in C. officinalis polysaccharide group increased,manifesting as the frequency of leaping over original platform posi-tion increased,water maze mean escape latencies shortened,platform retention time prolonged,average swimming distance short-ened(P<0.05);mRNA and protein expression of BDNF and Bcl-2 in hippocampus was enhanced significantly(P<0.05). CON-CLUSIONS:C. officinalis polysaccharide can improve the learning and memory ability of VD rats,and its mechanism may be asso-ciated with the expression up-regulation of BDNF and Bcl-2 in hippocampus.

Discussion on Future Information Technique for Field Hospital / 医疗卫生装备

Several critical information technologies are discussed, which will deeply impact the informatization construction and medical support of the field hospital. The importance and development trends of these technologies in military medical service are also analyzed. These technologies will be an indispensable part in military informatization.

Study of Battlefield Blood Supply Information Systems Based on Beidou Satellite Technology / 医疗卫生装备

The status and disadvantage on Information System of Battlefield Blood Supply are analyzed.By combining with practical condition,the adaptation future war information system of war blood supply based on Beidou Navigation Satellite is designed.The system aims at demand of present military,and goal for improving the ability of blood supply and promot-ing informationization level of blood management in battlefield.The advanced computer technology,communications tech-nology,satellite navigation technology and integrating principle are adopted.It is practicality exploration in informatization construction of war blood supply.

Study on repairing of the rabbit radial defect with direct galvanic stimulation in medullary cavity / 西安交通大学学报(医学版)

Objective To explore the effect of low constant direct current (LCDC) in the medullary cavity on repairing of rabbit radial defect as to evaluate its clinical value. Methods DBX was put into the segmental osteoperiosteum defect of rabbit bilateral radius. The rabbits were divided into 2 groups: group A (subject group) with the defects stimulated by LCDC and group B (control group) with the defects left untreated. In week 2,5 and 9, 4 animals from each group were put into death, and the radius was taken for study using photograph, electron microscope, histological & morphologic technique, and the contents of the Calcium (Ca) and ALP were determined. Results Compared with group B, the healing of group A was better. The contents of Ca and ALP increased obviously in week 2 (P