Influences of Different Stop Modes on Gait Stability of the Elderly Carrying Heavy Objects / 医用生物力学

Objective To analyze characteristics of muscle activity and changes of corresponding kinematic parameters of the lower limbs for the elderly carrying heavy objects under synchronous stop modes, and explore the effects of hand weight-bearing and stop modes on gait stability and body balance of the elderly. Methods The ankle, knee, hip joint angles and surface electromyography (EMG) signals of bilateral lower limbs were collected under the condition of emergency stop and planned stop by loading 0 kg, 2.5 kg on both hands and 5 kg on right hand. Results Under different weight-bearing modes, the ankle and hip angles of bilateral lower limbs were significantly different (P<0.05), while the knee angles did not change significantly, and different stop modes significantly affected the angle changes in each joint (P <0.001); the average EMG of tibia anterior muscle, lateral femoral muscle, and biceps femoris in braking leg showed higher muscle activity during emergency stop. Conclusions In order to cope with the instability caused by weight-bearing and emergency stop, the elderly will have a corresponding balance mechanism in the lower limbs. During an emergency stop, braking the tibialis anterior muscle of the leg requires a higher muscle activity level to control flexion angle of the ankle joint, thereby reducing amplitude of the ankle joint fluctuation. The single-handed load increases the muscle performance differences between the braking leg and trailing leg, resulting in the lateral instability.

The effect of improved AGI grading intervention program on gastrointestinal dysfunction in critically ill patients / 中华护理杂志

Objective To study the effect of improved GIF grading intervention program on gastrointestinal dysfunction in critically ill patients.Methods A total of 78 patients with gastrointestinal dysfunction were randomly divided into the experimental group and control group.The patients in the experimental group were treated with modified GIF classification program to evaluate the gravitational status of patients with severe gastrointestinal dysfunction and the control group received routine nursing and treatment.The levels of serum albumin(ALB),nitrogen balance(NB) and total protein(TP) were recorded in two groups,and the feeding rate of the patients was recorded at 24 and 48 hours.The calorie qualifying rate at 7d,duration of mechanical ventilation,ICU length of stay,total length of stay in hospital,ICU mortality,ICU acquired infection rate were recorded.Results Feeding rate at 24h and 48 h,calorie qualifying rate at 7d in the experimental group were significantly higher than those in the controlgroup (P＜0.05);there were significant differences between two groups in TP,NB,and ALB (P＜0.05).Mechanical ventilation duration,ICU length of stay,and total length of stay in hospital were significantly shortened in the experimental group(P＜0.05);there were no significant differences between two groups in ICU mortality and ICU acquired infection rate(P＞0.05).Conclusion The improvement of AGI grading intervention in patients with severe gastrointestinal dysfunction can improve at 24 h,48 h,calorie qualifying rate at 7 d and TP,NB and ALB levels,reduce the time of mechanical ventilation,reduce total length of stay in hospital.

Application of goal-oriented scheme for continuous mild sedation among patients with mechanical ventilation / 中华护理杂志

Objective To investigate the effects of goal-oriented scheme for continuous mild sedation on patients with mechanical ventilation.Methods A total of 78 patients undergoing mechanical ventilation were enrolled via simple random number sampling method from January,2013 to December,2015,and divided into the experimental group(n=38)and the control group(n=40).The experimental group received goal-oriented scheme for continuous mild sedation designed by our department,and the control group received routine sedation protocol.Total sedative dosage,duration of mechanical ventilation,length of ICU stay,fatality rate in ICU,ventilator-associated pneumonia,pneumothorax,accidental extubation,tracheotomy were recorded.Results Duration of mechanical ventilation,length of ICU stay and total sedative dosage,incidence of ventilator-associated pneumonia and rate of tracheotomy in the experimental group were significantly lower than those in the control group and the differences were statistically significant(P＜0.05).There were no significant differences in accidental extubation,reintubation and barotrauma between two groups (P＞0.05).Conclusion Goal-oriented scheme for continuous mild sedation can reduce total sedative dosage,length of ICU stay,duration of mechanical ventilation,rates of ventilator-associated pneumonia and tracheotomy.It is safer and more effective which can improve the prognosis of mechanically ventilated patients.

High yields and soluble expression of superoxide dismutases in Escherichia coli due to the HIV-1 Tat peptide via increases in mRNA transcription

This study aimed to validate the high yield and soluble expression of proteins carrying the transactivator of transcription (Tat) peptide tag, and further explored the potential mechanism by which the Tat tag increases expression. Escherichia coli superoxide dismutase (SOD) proteins, including SodA, SodB and SodC, were selected for analysis. As expected, the yields and the solubility of Tat-tagged proteins were higher than those of Tat-free proteins, and similar results were observed for the total SOD enzyme activity. Bacterial cells that overexpressed Tat-tagged proteins exhibited increased anti-paraquat activity compared with those expressing Tat-free proteins that manifested as SodA>SodC>SodB. When compared with an MG1655 wild-type strain, the growth of a ΔSodA mutant strain was found to be inhibited after paraquat treatment; the growth of ΔSodB and ΔSodC mutant strains was also slightly inhibited. The mRNA transcript level of genes encoding Tat-tagged proteins was higher than that of genes encoding Tat-free proteins. Furthermore, the α-helix and turn of Tat-tagged proteins were higher than those of Tat-free proteins, but the β-sheet and random coil content was lower. These results indicated that the incorporation of the Tat core peptide as a significant basic membrane transduction peptide in fusion proteins could increase mRNA transcripts and promote the high yield and soluble expression of heterologous proteins in E. coli.

Identification of alkaloids and huperzine A-producing endophytic fungi isolated from wild Huperzia serrata / 国际药学研究杂志

Objective To screen endophytic fungal strains isolated from wild Huperzia serrata which can produce alkaloids and huperzine A (HupA). Methods Thirty-three endophytic fungal strains were obtained from H.serrata.Alkaloid production was assayed with alkaloid precipitation and acid dye colorimetry. Then, the crude extracts of alkaloids produced from fungal strains were analyzed by modulation of acetylcholinesterase(AChE) activity, TLC and HPLC. Identification of endophytic fungi producing HupA was based on morphology analysis. Results Seven alkaloids produced by endophytic fungal strains were determined based on alkaloid precipitation and acid dye colorimetry, among which strain V generated HupA in vitro. Morphology analysis showed that strain V belonged to Penicillium. Conclusion A high percentage of fungal strains isolated from H.serrata leaves has alkaloid producing potentials. It is the first report that Penicillium species produced HupA. The screening of endophytic fungi producing HupA based on alkaloid precipitation and acid dye colorimetry, AChE activity and structure identification are more efficient and directive.

Analysis of operators knowledge of eletromagnet in complex electromagnetic environ-ments:a preliminary investigation / 军事医学

Objective To provide reference for protection evaluation of soldiers working in a complex electromagnetic environment by investigating their knowledge on electromagnetic radiation (EMR) protection via means of a questionnaire . Methods Ninety-eight soldiers working in complex electromagnetic environments were selected by random sampling .Ques-tionnaires were designed ,involving the hazard of and protection against EMR .Then the results of the survey were analyzed . Results Ninety-four questionnaires were collected .Results showed that the soldiers had some knowledge of the difference between EMR and ionizing radiation , and the hazard of and protection against EMR , but professional training was needed . In addition, their knowledge of the hazard of and protection against EMR could be improved through education .Conclusion The knowledge about EMR is insufficient among soldiers and needs to be improved .

Clinical Research of Simotang Oral Liquid and Compound Glutamine Enteric Capsules for Treating Diarrhea-predominant Irritable Bowel Syndrome / 中国中医药信息杂志

Objective To observe the clinical efficacy of Simotang oral liquid combined with compound glutamine enteric capsules in the treatment of diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome (IBS-D) belonging to liver depression and spleen deficiency pattern, and to explore its possible mechanism. Methods Sixty patients were randomly divided into two groups. The treatment goup (30 cases) took Simotang oral liquid and compound glutamine enteric capsules, the control group took Cerekinon and Medilac-S. The treatment course was 4 weeks. Clinical symptoms, 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) and substance P (SP) of both groups were evaluated respectively before and after treatment. Recurrence rate and adverse reactions were recorded. Results The total effective rate after treating 1, 2, 4 weeks between the two groups had no significant difference (P>0.05). Four weeks later, in the treatment group, total score of the symptoms, abdominal distension and defecation urgency were apparently lower than that of control group (P0.05). Obvious side effects were not found in the two groups. Conclusion Simotang oral liquid combined with compound glutamine enteric capsules has evident therapeutic effect on IBS-D of liver depression and spleen deficiency pattern, especially good at releasing abdominal distension and defecation urgency. The mechanism may be related with decreasing the levels of 5-HT and SP.

Effect of intraoperative IPC on patients with gynaecological laparoscopic surgery / 现代临床护理

Objective To study the effect of intraoperative intermittent pneumatic compression(IPC)on patients undergoing gynaecological laparoscopic surgery.Methods Two hundred infertile patients to undergo exploratory laparotomy were randomized equally into the observation group and the control group.The patients in both groups were managed with laparoscopic operation at lithotomy position under general anaesthesia.During the operation,the control group was treated with nil intervention,while the observation group with IPC.The two groups were compared in terms of blood coagulation indexes before operation,days 1 and 3 after operation,blood flow rate of femoral vein before operation,30 mins and day 1 after the operation,and deep vein thrombosis(DVT) three months after operation.Results Three months after operation,12 cases of DVT occurred in the control group,and only 2 cases in the observation group.The difference was significant between the groups(χ2=6.22,P0.05).Conclusion IPC used during laparoscopic surgery may be safe and effective as a result of improving blood circulation of lower limbs and preventing venothrombosis in lower limbs.

Pathological changes of acute lung injury in mice acute irradiated with high power millimeter wave / 中华放射医学与防护杂志

Objective To investigate the effect of acute irradiation by high power millimeter wave on the pathological changes of mouse lung tissue. Methods The BALB/c mice were vertically placed under the high power millimeter wave equipment with working frequency of 34. 1 GHz, and the mean output power were 5,10 and 12 W while the distance between the animal and the bottom of the irradiation horn were 10 mm and 20 mm, respectively. The mice were tied on the platform and continuously received irradiation until death. After immediate dissection, the mouse lung was quickly rinsed with 0.9% NaCl solution, fixed in 10% formaldehyde solution and mounted for paraffin section. After HE staining and image taken with a CCD camera, the Image Pro Plus software and quantitative image analysis by combining the mean optical density and area was used to determine the pathological injuries of the lung. Result Using the HA23. 16 and HA9. 92 pyramid horns with different physical parameter, the mice exposed to irradiation with high mean power of 12 W were dead most quickly, the death time was only about 110 s. Meanwhile, the death time was about 30 min after irradiation with the mean power of 5 W. There was significant hemorrhage in the mouse lung with high power millimeter irradiation, although the hemorrhage degree was different under different irradiation parameters. When the mean power were 10 and 12 W.the hemorrhage degree of lung was extremely high, where the bronchia and blood vessel of lung was markedly broken. A lot of cells of bronchia had been released. However, when the mean power was 5 W, the hemorrhage degree of lung was less observed, while the bronchia and blood vessels had not severe fracture. Conclusions High power millimeter wave wave irradiation has remarkable effect on mice lung. The damage degree of lung tissue is highly correlated with the mean power of millimeter wave irradiation. As the high power millimeter used in this study could result in significant thermal effect, the acute heat-induced response might lead to animal death by causing serious lung injury.

The clinical significance of noninvasive inflammatory markers in exhaled breath condensate and induced sputum in persistent asthmatic patients / 中华内科杂志

Objective To assess the clinical significance of three different noninvasive airway inflammatory indices in induced sputum and exhaled breath condensate ( EBC ) from persistent asthmatic patients.Methods Moderate and severe asthmatic patients were prescribed inhaled corticosteroids combined with long-acting β2 agonists for a month.The symptom scores and percentage of predicted value of forced expiratory volume in one second ( FEV1 ) ( FEV1% pred) were measured while the concentrations of H2O2,NO3-/NO2-,and cysteinyl-leukotriene E4(LTE4) in induced sputum and EBC were detected before and after therapy.Results A total of twenty-five subjects with moderate and severe asthma were enrolled.By combined therapy for one month the asthma aymptoms relieved and FEV1% pred improved significantly (P<0.01).The concentrations of H2O2,NO3-/NO2- arid LTE4in induced sputum and EBC declined significantly(P<0.01) although the concentrations were still higher than those at normal baseline.More marked reduction of H2O2 and NO3-/NO2- compared to LTE4was observed.It was revealed that the concentrations of H2O2 and NO3-/NO2- but not of LTE4in EBC were negatively correlated with FEV1% pred (P <0.01) and positively with symptom scores.Such correlations were also found in H2O2 in induced sputum with FEV1 % pred and symptom scores as well as NO3-/NO2- in induced sputum with FEV1 % pred.The improvement of FEV1 % pred after treatment was positively correlated with the reduction of H2O2 and NO3-/NO2- both in induced sputum and EBC.Correlation analysis also demonstrated three inflammatory indices were equivalent in induced sputum and EBC( correlation coefficient of H2O2,NO3-/NO2- and LTE4,0.759,0.826 and 0.653,respectively.P < 0.01 ).Conclusions (1) Combined therapy with inhaled corticosteroid plus long-acting β2 agonist significantly improves the clinical symptoms and lung function of patients with moderate and severe asthma companied with marked suppression of airway inflammation.(2) Both of EBC and induced sputum sampling are valuable noninvasive procedures for detecting asthma airway inflammation,however,EBC technique is superior in safety and reproducibility.(3) H2O2 and NO3-/NO2- seem to be more sensitive indices in diagnosis and monitoring asthma compared to LTE4.

Anerdian Combined with Moist Dressing on Wound Infection:A Clinical Study / 中华医院感染学杂志

OBJECTIVE To investigate the effects of Anerdian(AnEr Iodine) combined with moist dressing on wound infection.METHODS Totally 124 patients with wound infection were divided into two groups,in the study group,the wounds treated by Anerdian combined with moist dressing.In the control group,the wounds were treated by traditional method.Their healing time was compared in the two groups.RESULTS The effects of wound healing in study group were much better than the control group(96.1% vs 44.7%,P

THE EFFECTS OF ZINC ON CARDIAC LESIONS INDUCED BY OVER INTAKE OF VITAMIN D / 营养学报

In this study, the effects of overvitamin D on cardiac lesions and the protective effects of zinc on them were studied. The results showed that cardiac MDA and calcium were significantly increased and cardiac lesions were characterized by nonspecial focal necrosis, accompaning with myofib-eral and interstitial calcification. Zinc could remarkably decrease cardiac MDA and calcium and the cardiac lesions were also much milder. It suggested that cardiac lesions induced by overvitamin D related to both cardiac lipid peroxide and calcium overload. It might be concluded that zinc could protect heart from overvitamin D intoxication.