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Objective To investigate the clinical effect of live combined bifidobacterium,lactobacillus and enterococcus powder (probiotics bifico) treatment in children with secondary diarrhea of pneumonia and analysis of related factors.Methods Three hundred and eighty-five pneumonia children were studied.The related factors of secondary diarrhea of pneumonia were screened.One hundred and twenty cases of children with secondary diarrhea of pneumonia were divided into observation group and control group by table of random digit with 60 cases each.The observation group was given the probiotics bifico combined with conventional treatment,the control group was given the conventional treatment.The clinical efficacy was evaluated treatment after 7 d.Results The effective rate of observation group was significantly higher than that of control group [96.7％(58/60) vs.61.7％(37/60),x2 =22.282,P＜ 0.01].Age of onset,hospitalization time,invasive procedures,combination therapy of antibiotics,therapy of hormone and therapy of probiotics bifico were related with the incidence of secondary diarrhea of pneumonia (P ＜ 0.01 or ＜ 0.05).Conclusions The younger children,long hospital stay,invasive procedures,combination therapy of antibiotics and therapy of hormone are the risk factors of secondary diarrhea of pneumonia.The probiotics bifico for treating the children with secondary diarrhea of pneumonia has exact clinical efficacy,and it is worthy of clinical application.
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Objective To investigate the clinical features and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL)therapy of postinfectious bronchiolitis obliterans (BO) in children. Method Ten children, who had post-infectious BO from February 2009 to February 2010, received BAL therapy, and were retrospectively analyzed. The data included pathology,chnical feature,chest HRCT scan, BALF cellular, levels of blood T cell subtypes and outcome of BAL therapy. Results Adenoviruses or mycoplasma pneumoniae were the most common etiologic agents (4/10, respectively). All patients presented persistent or recurrent dyspneic respirations and wheezing since the initial lung infection. The findings of HRCT included mosaic pattern of perfusion (6/10), accompanied by gas retention,bronchiectasis, atelectasis and bronchial wall thickening. The percentage of neutrophils in BALF was significantly increased in all cases (10/10). There were predominance of CD8+ T cell subtype (9/10) and lower ratio of CD4 +/CD8+ ( 10/10)in blood. Reduced symptoms and shortened hospital stay of BO in 9 of all 10 cases were observed after BAL therapy. Conclusions Severe adenovirus or mycoplasma pneunoniae bronchiolitis and/or pneumonia has higher risk for developing BO in children. Increased percentage of neutrophils in BALF and predominance of CD8 +T cell subtype may play an important role in the mechanism of BO. BAL therepy can reduce the respiratory symptoms of BO in children.