Evaluation of Korean Internet Websites for Postnatal Care(Sanhujori) / 여성건강간호학회지

PURPOSE: In this research the informational contents of websites related to postnatal care were evaluated. This was done in order to inform people of qualified information on postnatal websites. METHOD: Instruments from Oh(2001) and the Korea Institute for Health and Social Affairs(2000) were utilized to evaluate the contents in respect to purpose, reliability, easiness, authoritativeness, feedback, and maintenance. Seventy-three postnatal websites were evaluated for this research conducted from June 10 to July 10, 2006. RESULT: There were no portal sites connected with purely informational postnatal websites. In the evaluation of postnatal websites, the lowest and the highest scores were 11 and 42, respectively. The average score was 24 with 52.1% scoring below the average. By category, the scores of purpose, reliability, and feedback were relatively high while easiness, authoritativeness, and maintenance showed very low scores. As a result, it was revealed that there were no specific postnatal websites with sufficient postnatal care information. CONCLUSION: Thus, the establishment of a professional postnatal portal system through a professionally certified organization is required in order to supply correct information to people who wish to get information on postnatal care.

The Clinical Study of Labor Analgesia by Intrathecal Injection of Morphine, Fentanyl, and Bupivacaine / 대한마취과학회지

BACKGROUND: Intrathecal fentanyl has been known to have rapid analgesic effect for the first stage of labor, but pruritus usually occurs, and respiratory depression can happen. The addition of bupivacaine during intrathecal analgesia has been known to have synergistic action with intrathecal opioids. We observed the efficacy of the intrathecal injection of morphine, fentanyl, and bupivacaine on labor parturients. METHODS: 20 laboring patients were studied. Each patients received morphine 0.2 mg, bupivacaine 2.5 mg, and fentanyl 10 microgram intrathecally. Analgesia was assessed using visual analogue scale (VAS) score as the time elapsed from the drug administration to the delivery. Side effects such as nausea, vomiting, pruritus, urinary retention, respiratory depression, and hypotension were evaluated. RESULTS: The onset of analgesia was rapid (within 5 minutes) and VAS scores were significantly lower than pre-treatment value for 5 hours. The incidence of nausea or vomiting was 55% (11/20). Pruritus occurred 50% (10/20). The occurrence of urinary retention was 35% (7/20). Hypotension occurred 10% (2/20). No patient developed post dural-puncture headache, respiratory depression, fetal bradycardia, or motor weakness. More than 90% of the patients in this study said that they were satisfied with this analgesic procedure. CONCLUSIONS: Intrathecal injection of morphine 0.2 mg, fentanyl 10 microgram, and bupivacaine 2.5 mg provided rapid and effective analgesia in labor patients.

Efficacy of Intrathecal Fentanyl for Tourniquet Pain during Spinal Anesthesia with Hyperbaric Bupivacaine / 대한마취과학회지

BACKGROUND: Tourniquet pain is probably mediated by C-fiber. The ability of fentanyl to interrupt this nociceptive conduction was studied by administering either fentanyl or saline intrathecally along with hyperbaric bupivacaine for spinal anesthesia. METHOD: The incidence of tourniquet pain was evaluated in 60 patients having orthopedic surgery of the lower extremities during spinal anesthesia by administering either 30 mcg fentanyl (group 2) or saline (group 1) along with 0.5% hyperbaric bupivacaine 10 mg. We measured the maximal sensory spread of analgesia to pinprick, the incidence of tourniquet pain, and the sensory anesthesia to pinprick at the onset of tourniquet pain. RESULTS: The average maximal sensory spread of analgesia was the same in both groups (T9). The incidence of tourniquet pain was significantly greater in group 1 (33%) than in group 2 (10%). The sensory levels of anesthesia at the onset of tourniquet pain were not different in two groups. CONCLUSIONS: Intrathecal fentanyl was effective against tourniquet pain for 2 hours of the orthopedic surgery of the lower extremities.

The Effects of Urapidil on Changes of Arterial Blood Pressure and Heart Rate to Endotracheal Intubation / 대한마취과학회지

BACKGROUND: Urapidil is a new antihypertensive agent known to diminish total peripheral vascular resistance by postsynaptic alpha 1-adrenergic blockade and central sympatholytic activity. The purpose of this study was to determine its effectiveness and safety in preventing hemodynamic responses to endotracheal intubation under general anesthesia. METHODS: Thirty normotensive, ASA physical status I patients for elective surgery were selected randomly. They were divided into three groups(Group 1: control group with saline, Group 2: urapidil 0.4 mg/kg, Group 3: urapidil 0.5 mg/kg, n=10 in each group). The drugs were injected 3 minutes before induction with thiopental sodium(4 mg/kg) and succinylcholine(1 mg/kg). Endotracheal intubation was performed 5 minutes after the drugs injection. After endotracheal intubation, vecuronium 0.1 mg/kg was injected and 50% nitrous oxide in oxygen and 2Vol% enflurane were inhaled. We measured the blood pressure and the heart rate with noninvasive method at one minute interval for 5 minutes. RESULTS: In group 3, no significant increase in systolic blood pressure after endotracheal intubation was noted(p<0.05). Urapidil groups showed increase in heart rate at 1, 2 minutes after urapidil injection(p<0.05) and did not blunt increase in heart rate after endotracheal intubation. The side effects of urapidil(hypotension, dizziness, headache and chest tightness) occured in a patient of group 3. CONCLUSIONS: We found that the blood pressure response was effectively controlled, but the change in heart rate was not controlled by urapidil 0.5 mg/kg injection before induction.

A Comparative Study of the Midazolam and the Thiopental as an Induction Agent / 대한마취과학회지

This study was undertken to estimate the induction time, hemodynamic responses and local venous complications after intravenous administration of the midazolam, the water-soluble benzodiazepine derivative, comparing with those of the thipental, as an induction agent. Sixty ASA Class I or II surgical patients were divided into two groups: I and II, and were given 5 mg/kg thiopental sodium and 0.15 mg/kg midazolam hydrochloride, respectively. The results obtained were as follows; 1) The induction timeQoss of palpebral reflex) of the group II(88.7+/-41.8 seconds)was longer than those of the group I (19.5+/-3.7 seeonds). 2) The magnitude of fall in the systolic blood presure, 1 and 2 minute after intravenous administration of the induction agents observed in the group II was smaller than those observed in the group I compared with the pre-induction valuea But other parameters did not change significantly compsred with the pre-induction values in both groups. 3) In five patients of the group I, they complained of pain on the injection, but no patient of the group II complained of it. There was no statistically significant difference in the incidence of the postoperative local venous complications on the injection sites such as thrombosis or phlebitis between both groups.

A Comparative Study of the Midazolam and the Thiopental as an Induction Agent / 대한마취과학회지

This study was undertken to estimate the induction time, hemodynamic responses and local venous complications after intravenous administration of the midazolam, the water-soluble benzodiazepine derivative, comparing with those of the thipental, as an induction agent. Sixty ASA Class I or II surgical patients were divided into two groups: I and II, and were given 5 mg/kg thiopental sodium and 0.15 mg/kg midazolam hydrochloride, respectively. The results obtained were as follows; 1) The induction timeQoss of palpebral reflex) of the group II(88.7+/-41.8 seconds)was longer than those of the group I (19.5+/-3.7 seeonds). 2) The magnitude of fall in the systolic blood presure, 1 and 2 minute after intravenous administration of the induction agents observed in the group II was smaller than those observed in the group I compared with the pre-induction valuea But other parameters did not change significantly compsred with the pre-induction values in both groups. 3) In five patients of the group I, they complained of pain on the injection, but no patient of the group II complained of it. There was no statistically significant difference in the incidence of the postoperative local venous complications on the injection sites such as thrombosis or phlebitis between both groups.