Construction of HMGA2 knockout model of human papillary thyroid cancer cell line TPC-1 / 中华内分泌外科杂志

Objective:To construct a TPC-1 cell model that stably knocks out the HMGA2 by using CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing technology. Methods:Recombinant pLV[2gRNA]-EGFP:T2A:Puro- U6> {hHMGA2 [gRNA# A1]*}- U6>{hHMGA2 [gRNA#A2]*} of lentiviral plasmid vector was constructed: targeting HMGA2 Dual-gRNA sequence was designed, the synthesized Dual-gRNA fragment into pLV [2gRNA]-EGFP was cloned: T2A:Puro-U6 vector, extract a single clone for sequencing verification. the constructed recombinant plasmid vector with lentivirus was packed, and TPC-1 cells were infected, puromycin was used to obtain HMGA2 knock-out single clone, PCR and sequencing verification were performed, and real-time fluorescent quantitative qPCR was used to detect HMGA2 mRNA in cells Knockout efficiency. Results:After sequencing verification, pLV [2gRNA]-EGFP targeting HMGA2: T2A: Puro-U6>{hHMGA2 [gRNA#A1]*}-U6>{hHMGA2 [gRNA #A2]*} plasmid was successfully constructed; A single clone was picked for PCR identification and gene sequencing, TPC-1 cells were successfully obtained with HMGA2 gene completely knocked out; TPC-1 cells with HMGA2 knocked out were detected by real-time fluorescent quantitative qPCR, and they did not express HMGA2 mRNA.Conclusion:CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing technology enables us to construct a human papillary thyroid cancer cell line TPC-1 cell model with stable knockout of HMGA2.

Predictive effect of central lymph node intensity on lateral lymph node metastasis for papillary thyroid carcinoma / 中华内分泌外科杂志

Objective:To investigate the risk factors and predictive effect of lateral cervical lymph node metastasis of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) by applying the concept of central lymph node metastasis intensity.Methods:This study retrospectively analyzed integrated clinic data of 106 cases with PTC undergoing treatment of cervical lymph node dissection in Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery of the Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University from Dec. 2009 to Jan. 2014. Based on whether lateral cervical lymph nodes had metastasis, patents were classified into lymph node metastasis positive group ( n=75 cases) , lymph node metastasis negative group ( n=31 cases) . This study explored metastasis-associated risk factors of age, gender, triiodothyronine (T3) , thyroxine (T4) , free triiodothyronine (FT3) , free thyroxine (FT4) , thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) , thyroglobulin antibody (TGAb) , thyroid peroxidase antibody (TPOAb) , whether combined with Hashimoto’s disease, tumor location, infringing the membrane, mulifocality, tumor glands distribution, tumor diameter, number of central lymph node metastases, central lymph node metastasis ratio, and analyzed the effects of central lymph node metastasis intensity on lateral cervical lymph node metastasis. SPSS 21.0 software was used for data analysis, the metering data of normal distribution was expressed as ± s, and t test was used for comparison between groups. Count data was expressed as a rate (composition ratio) , and comparisons between groups were performed by χ2 test or Fisher exact probability method. Results:Univariate analysis found that whether combined with Hashimoto’s disease ( P=0.087) , tumor location ( P=0.249) , tumor glands distribution ( P=0.219) and tumor diameter ( P=0.224) had no correlation with lateral cervical lymph node metastasis, which showed no statistical significant differences ( P>0.05) . Infringing the membrane ( P=0.030) , mulifocality ( P=0.031) , number of central lymph node metastases ( P=0.022) and central lymph node metastasis ratio ( P=0.001) had correlation with lateral cervical lymph node metastasis, which showed statistical significant differences ( P<0.05) . The number of central lymph node metastases and the increase of central lymph node metastasis ratio had positive correlation with the occurrence of lateral cervical lymph node metastasis; when the number of central lymph node metastases was ≥4 or (and) the central lymph node metastasis ratio was ≥20%, the incidence of lateral cervical lymph node metastases increased significantly, and the difference was statistically significant ( P<0.05) . Conclusion:Infringing the membrane and mulifocality are risk factors for lateral cervical lymph node metastasis. When central lymph node metastasis intensity: number of metastases ≥4 or (and) metastasis ratio ≥20%, lateral cervical lymph node dissection is recommended.

Changes of ND1, ND2 and mtTFA gene expressions in myocardial cells and intestinal epithelial cells of rats after hemorrhagic shock / 第三军医大学学报

Objective To explore the transcription pattern of ND1, ND2 and mtTFA gene in the myocardial cells and intestinal epithelial cells of rats after hemorrhagic shock. Methods Total RNA of myocardial cells and intestinal epithelial cells in rats were extracted after hemorrhagic shock. ND1, ND2, and mtTFA gene transcription levels were measured by reverse transcription and polymerase chain reaction (RT PCR). Results During the period from 1 to 2 h after hemorrhagic shock, the ND1 gene transcription levels in myocardial cells in the hemorrhagic shock groups were higher than that in the normal control group, but the levels in intestinal epithelial cells were lower than that in the normal control group. The pattern for the changes of ND2 gene transcription in myocardial cells and intestinal epithelial cells was basically similar. Conclusion There might exist certain tissue differences in the changes of ND1 gene transcripts in myocardial cells and intestinal epithelial cells of rats with hypoxic and ischemic damage.

Preparation and characterization of disulfide stabilized Fv fragment antibody against N-terminal fragment of human lipopolysaccharide binding protein / 第三军医大学学报

Objective To obtain the disulfide stabilized Fv fragment (dsFv) against N-terminal fragment of human lip polysaccharide binding protein (NH-LBP) and to identify its biological vitality. Methods The disulfide stabilized Fv fragment antibody (dsFv) was obtained after the inclusion bodies of dsFvVH and dsFvVL had been refolded and purified. Then the characteristics of dsFv were determined in vitro by ELISA and by detecting the secretion of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-?) in rats. Results There was 2.1 mg protein of dsFv obtained. dsFv had good combination with NH-LBP and could restrain inflammatory reaction caused by lip polysaccharide (LPS) in vivo. Conclusion It is feasible to get dsFv against NH-LBP by respective expression of VL and VH. The partial inhibition of the biological function of LBP by dsFv is a new way to restrain the over-inflammatory reaction in vivo.

Reconstruction,expression and characterization of dsFv V_L of human antibody to N terminal fragment of human lipopolysaccharide binding protein / 第三军医大学学报

Objective To introduce the mutated gene coding cysteine into the gene of dsFv VL of human antibody to N terminal fragment of lipopolysaccharide binding protein(LBP)and to express,purify the mutated dsFv VL in bacterium.Methods We reconstructed and sequenced the mutated gene of VL of human mAb Fab to LBP by Mega-primer PCR based on point mutagenesis method.Some codes of FWR1 of VL had been replaced by TGT in order to code cysteine.The DNA sequence of reconstructed VL was inserted into vector pET-28a(+),then VL was expressed by E.coli.BL21 star(DE3)and was purified by chromatography.Finally the activity of VL to bind NH-LBP was determined by ELISA.Results The results showed that the cysteine was introduced into the position 21 amino acid of VL to replace the threonine.The gene of VL was about 650 bp and relative molecular weight of VL was 28?103.VL could bind NH-LBP directly.Conclusion These have laid a foundation for producing the dsFv against NH-LBP.

Comparison of 2 kinds of construction and expression methods of reconstructed human cathelicidin LL-37 / 第三军医大学学报

Objective To employ 2 approaches to construct and express reconstructed LL-37 (rLL-37) in procaryotic system, and to explore a better preparation method. Methods The first method: the rLL-37 was inserted into vector pET-28a (+), then was induced to express in E.coli. BL21 (DE3) and purified by chromatography; the second method: the rare codons in the rLL-37 gene sequence were substituted by the preferred codons of procaryotic cell, and a fragment of carrier protein molecule (CPM) was added to the N termination of the objective sequence to construct expression plasmid pET-30a(+)-CPM-rLL-37, then the rLL-37 was expressed in E.coli. BL21 Star(DE3) and purified by chromatography. The productive rates of the 2 methods were compared and the antimicrobial effects of obtained rLL-37 was studied. Results The first method: the DNA sequence of rLL-37 was obtained successively by Touch-Down PCR. The expression plasmid pET-30a(+)-CPM-rLL-37 was expressed with fusion protein in E.coli BL21 (DE3). The expression rate accounted for 20% of total bacterio-protein, then the expressed product was purified by using high positive ion exchange column Macro-Prep High S; The second method: a fragment of carrier protein molecule was designed that contained 28 amino-acid residue and its pHi was 2.7, net charge was-6.0 at pH 7.4. After the expression plasmid pET-30a(+)-CPM-rLL-37 was constructed successively, it was expressed in E.coli BL21 Star (DE3). The expressed fusion protein accounted for 35% of total bacterio-protein, then the expressed product was purified by using affinity binding chromatography with TALON resins successfully. The obtained 2 kinds of rLL-37 were able to kill both Gram-negative and-positive bacteria by the means of inhibitory zone. Conclusion It’s feasible to prepare efficiently rLL-37 in procaryotic system, which founds the basis for the further research on bactericidal activity of rLL-37.

Screening and identification of phage antibodies against human lipopolysaccharide binding protein / 第三军医大学学报

Objective To obtain and identify monoclonal antibody against human lipopolysaccharide binding protein (LBP). Methods Three clones of antibody with better activity against human LBP were isolated after human antibody library screening by human LBP and 5 rounds of enrichment. After plasmid extracting, geneⅢ cutting, self-recircling and electric transforming, soluble Fab was expressed in E.coli. XL1-blue by the induction of IPTG and its characteristics were determined. Results The positive antibody was concentrated to 8.16?104 folds and the highest activity of the three clones was 106 . Conclusion Phage antibody against human LBP has been obtained successfully, which lays a solid foundation for researching its function.

Reconstruction and expression of human cathelicidin LL-37 in procaryotic cell / 第三军医大学学报

Objective To reconstruct the proteinic sequence of human cathelicidin LL-37 to increase the bactericidal activity of LL-37 and to express the reconstructed LL-37 (rLL-37) in bacterium. Methods The two dimensional structure, three dimensional structure and chemical characteristic of LL-37 were analyzed by Soft Ware Anthepro 5.0 and SWISS-MODEL. Without the three dimensional changes of LL-37, some negative amino acids of human cathelicidin LL-37 were replaced by positive amino acids and the positive charge of LL-37 was increased. According to the proteinic sequence changes of rLL-37, the DNA sequence of rLL-37 was reconstructed by Touch-Down PCR and recombined with vector pET-28a (+), thus rLL-37 was expressed in E.coli. BL21 (DE3) by the induction of IPTG and was purified by chromatography. Results Glu~ 16 , Asp~ 26 , Glu~ 36 of LL-37 were replaced by Gln~ 16 , Asn~ 26 , Gln~ 36 and the static charge of LL-37 was increased from +5.8 to +9.0 at pH 7.4. The DNA sequence of rLL-37 was reconstructed and inserted into vector pET-28a (+), the rLL-37 was expressed in E.coli. BL21 (DE3) and purified by strong cation exchange supports Macro-Prep High S successfully. The rLL-37 was proved by the means of inhibitory zone to be able to kill Gram-negative bacteria and Gram-positive bacteria. Conclusion It is feasible to reconstruct human cathelicidin LL-37 and express the protein in bacteria by fusion, which make it possible to produce more rLL-37 and study its biological function deeply.

Bioactivity of scFv antibody against human NH-lipopolysaccharide binding protein in vitro and in vivo / 第三军医大学学报

Objective To observe the bioactivity of recombinant human scFv antibody against NH-lipopolysaccharide binding protein in vitro and in vivo. Methods KM mice, weighing 20-25 g, were burnt on the back to the third degree covering 20% total body surface area. The mice in only burn group were intraperitoneally injected with 1 ?g/g LPS and those in scFv-treated group with 1 ?g/g LPS and 0.5 ?g/g scFv after burn. The mice without any treatment served as controls. All mice were sacrificed in 1, 3, 6, 12, 24 h after all treatment and the whole blood, the tissues of liver, lung and kidney were collected. The serum concentration of TNF-?, IL-6 in burnt mice with endotoxemia was detected by ELISA and the pathological changes of liver, lung and kidney tissues were observed by light microscope. The inhibition of scFv antibody of different concentrations against NH-lipopolysaccharide binding protein on FITC-LPS binding with U937 cells was assayed by FCM. Results The histopathological changes of liver, lung and kidney in mice of scFv-treated group revealed that less inflammatory cell infiltration, less degenerated cells, weaker congestion in tissue as compared with control and only burnt mice. The serum concentration of TNF-? in only burnt mice increased significantly than that of the controls (P

Construction of recombinant adenovirus vector containing human survivin gene and expression in dentritic cells / 第三军医大学学报

Objective To construct the recombinant adenovirus vector containing human survivin, and transfect it into dendritic cells. Methods Full length survivin cDNA was obtained from recombinant plasmid pCITE-survivin by PCR. The PCR product was double-digested with restriction endonucleases KpnⅠ and XholⅠ, and inserted orientationally into pAdTrack-CMV. The plasmid of pAdTrack-survivin was lined with PmeⅠ, and the fragment containing survivin was reclaimed and transfected into E. coli. BJ5183. After having been screened, the extracted plasmid of positive bacteria was transfected into HEK293 cells with liposome and was identified by the green fluorescence protein (GFP) expression and by PCR method. The virus was transfected into dentritic cells, and the expression of survivin was proved by the GFP expression and Western blot analysis. Results The recombined adenovirus-survivin was constructed successfully and the titer was about 1.65?10 8 pfu/ml. A band was observed by Western boltting and its relative molecular mass was about 16.5?10 3. Conclusion A recombinant adenovirus vector containing human survivin was constructed successfully, and the survivin protein was expressed by dendritic cells.

The role of LPS in the CD14 expression and the activation of Kupffer cells / 中华烧伤杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the effect of LPS on the expression of CD14 and the activation of Kupffer cells (KCs).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Rat KCs were isolated and cultured with LPS. Immunohistochemistry and RT-PCR methods were employed to determine the changes in the CD14 expression and the concentration of TNFalpha, IL-6 and NO in the supernatant of the cultured KCs with LPS.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>(1) The expression of CD14mRNA and the synthesis of CD14 protein in the KCs increased evidently when stimulated by various concentrations of LPS, and the CD14mRNA expression was correlated in dose-dependent manner with LPS levels. (2) The expression of CD14mRNA and the synthesis of CD14 protein in KCs induced by LPS (10 micro g/ml) increased significantly and peaked at 3 approximately 6 hours. (3) The expression of CD14mRNA and the synthesis of CD14 protein in freshly cultured KCs were obviously up-regulated by the active mediators produced by KCs after being stimulated by LPS. (4) The release of TNFalpha, IL-6 and NO from cultured KCs was evidently down-regulated by the addition of anti-CD14McAb in the presence of serum or by the addition of LPS in the absence of serum, but up-regulated by the concomitant addition of LPS and LBP.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>(1) The CD14mRNA expression and the protein synthesis in cultured KCs were closely related to LPS and the active mediators produced from the KCs.The increased CD14 expression was possibly caused by LPS, and the further increase of the expression might be closely correlated to the cytokines released from the KCs. (2) The KC activation by low concentration of LPS was CD14 dependent.</p>

Synergistic damage of burns combined with endotoxemia on the intestinal mucosa / 重庆医学

Objective　An animal model in which rats were subjected to 20% TBSA Ⅲ degree burns combined with injection of LPS(1mg/kg B.M.)was used for this experiment.Dynamic changes of platelet-activating factor(PAF),tumor necrosis factor(TNF),xanthine oxidase(XO) and melondialdehyde(MDA) in the intestinal tissue were measured to investigate mechanism and characteristics of the intestinal mucosal damage. The results showed a series of early pathogenic changes in the intestinl mucosa were founded,level of intestinal tissue PAF, XO and MDA level in BCEG was higher than that of any other groups at most times, XO and MDA was more positively correlated with PAF respecively after burns combined with endotoxin injection (P<0.005,P<0.001)，during the peak phase of PAF, intestinal mucosal damage was more evident. It suggests there is synergistic effect on the early intestinal mucosal damage due to activation of mucosal cells,release of PAF and TNF, activation of intestinal epithelial XO, production of free radicals and strengthenment of lipoperoxidation after burns combined with endotoxemia

Sclerosing agent injection in the treatment of benign thyroid cysts / 中国微创外科杂志

Objective To investigate the feasibility of sclerosing agent injection in the treatment of benign thyroid cysts. Methods Clinical data of 60 patients with thyroid cysts, who had been treated by injection of absolute alcohol or 10% sodium chloride solution, were reviewed retrospectively. Results A total of 74 lesions existed in 60 patients, and 182 times of injection were performed, with a total cure rate of 98 3% (59/60). No complications occurred. Follow-up observations for 1～5 years (mean 2 years) found no recurrence. Conclusions Sclerosing agent injection is a feasible method for benign thyroid cysts, if an exclusion of cystic papillary carcinoma is made.

Experimental study on early liver injury and expressions of TNF-alpha mRNA in burn rats with endotoxemia / 中华创伤杂志(英文版)

OBJECTIVE: To observe tissue distribution and cell localization of TNF-alpha mRNA and its protein and study their role in the pathogenesis of liver injury in burn rats. METHODS: An animal model of rats subjected to 20% TBSA III degree burns combined with intraperitoneal injection of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) was used for this experiment. The changes of hepatic morphology and functions and serum TNF-alpha content and expression and localization of liver TNF-alpha and TNF-alpha mRNA were determined with light microscope (LM) and electron microscope (EM), quantitative analysis, immunohistochemistry (IHC) and in situ hybridization (ISH). RESULTS: It showed that there were sinusoid reaction, KCs activation and degeneration, necrosis of HCs, and platelets aggregation, fibrins deposition and PMNs attachment in sinusoid. The activity of ALT was obviously elevated and ALB content was slightly decreased. The serum content of TNF-alpha showed peak at 3 hours. TNF-alpha was mainly localized in sinusoid endothelial cells (SECs) and Kupffer cells (KCs), and TNF-alpha mRNA was mainly distributed in KCs, polymorphonuclears neutrophils (PMNs) and macrophages (MPs). CONCLUSIONS: It suggests that TNF-alpha mRNA and its protein expression and localization are coincident with the pathological changes of liver injury. TNF-alpha is one of the key cytokines in the pathogenesis of liver injury in burn rats with endotoxemia.

Review of Cutaneous Malignant Melanoma from Two General Hospitals in Western China, 1981-2000 / 中华皮肤科杂志

Objective To review the clinical-pathological features, the tendency of incidence over 20 years, the predisposing factors, and the differences between the cases of cutaneous malignant melanoma from two hospitals. Methods A collection of 305 cases diagnosed as cutaneous malignant melanoma, among which 185 cases had complete clinical-pathological data, during 1981-2000 was analyzed. Results Acral malignant melanoma accounted for 63.3%, and the cases associated with congenital small nevi at the primary site accounted for 15.8% of 305 patients. During the period 1981-1990 and 1991-2000, cutaneous malignant melanoma constituted 0.053% and 0.094%, respectively, of all diagnoses with pathological sections, with an growth rate of 3.9% yearly. There was a tendency of the increased lesions located on face and neck, and decreased lesions on acra, over 20 years. Conclusion A rise of diagnosis of cutaneous malignant melanoma has been noticed from two hospitals over 20 years. Acra, especially planta, is the predominant anatomical site of cutaneous malignant melanoma.

Expression of p53 in Rat Liver During Tumor Promotion by Phenobarbita / 环境与健康杂志

Objective To investigate the effects of p53 protein and mRNA expression in rat liver tumor promotion by phenobarbital(PB). Methods Male Wistar rats were randomly divided into 6 groups,i. e. higher dose group,middle dose group,lower dose group,tumor-initiating control group,tumor-promoting group and normal control group. The rat liver tumor DEN-initiating-PB-promoting model was established among higher dose group,middle dose group,lower dose group and tumor-initiating control group. The rats in higher dose group,middle dose group and lower dose group were fed with feed containing 500,100,50 mg/kg PB respectively. The rats in liver-tumor promoting control group were only fed with normal feed. The rats in tumor-promoting group weren't initiated by DEN,were only fed with feed containing 500 mg/kg PB. The rats in normal control groups weren't treated by any factors. At the 1st,5th,10th,15th,20th,30th week of the exposure to PB,the expression of p53 protein and p53 mRNA of the rats in every group were determined by immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization respectively. Results The expression of the mutant type p53(mtp53) protein was found in liver tumor-initiated rats which revealed precancerous lesion. The expression of p53 protein of rats increased in higher and middle dose groups,and showed higher levels in lower dose group and liver tumor-initiating control group compared with those of normal control group which didn't variate significantly with the prolongation of period of exposure to PB. The expression of wild type p53 (wtp53) mRNA showed lower levels in rats of normal control group and liver tumor-promoting group,showed higher levels in higher dose group,middle dose group,lower dose group and liver tumor-initiating control group compared with those in normal control group. The expression of wtp53 mRNA decreased in higher dose group and middle dose group,increased a little in lower dose group and liver-tumor-initiating with the prolongation of period of exposure to PB. Conclusion During the promoting stage of rat liver tumorigenesis tumor promotor PB might reduce the expression of wtp53 and induce mtp53 expression,which affected the cell cycle arrest and apoptosis,and might favor clonal expansion of preneoplastic hepatocytes,which promoted the formation of liver tumor.

Roles of endotoxin binding peptide in rat model of burn combined with endotoxemia / 第三军医大学学报

Objective To observe the protective effect of recombinant human endotoxin binding peptide (EBP) on a rat model of burn combined with endotoxemia. Methods A total of 78 rats of model of burn combined with endotoxemia were divided into three groups: model group ( n =36), treatment group ( n =36), and control group ( n =6). Rats in the model group were intraperitoneally injected with 1 mg/kg endotoxin (prepared with 1 ml saline) immediately after burn. After intraperitoneal injection of 1 mg/kg endotoxin (prepared with 0.5 ml saline), rats in the treatment group were intraperitoneally injected with EBP (prepared with 0.5 ml saline). Blood and liver and lung tissues of rats in the model and treatment groups were collected at 1, 3, 6, 12, 24, and 48 h after treatment. Rats in the control group were intraperitoneally injected with 1 ml saline after trichomadesis. Blood and liver and lung tissues of rats in the control group were collected for the total control. The changes of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), TNF ?, and IL 6 contents in serum were determined by biochemical velocity analysis, ELISA, and light microscopy. The pathological changes of the liver and lung tissues were observed light microscopically and electron microscopically. Results The serum TNF ? level of rats in the model group was significantly higher than that in the control at 1 h after injury ( P

The expression of CD14 in rat Kupffer cells / 中国病理生理杂志

AIM: To explore the expression of CD14 in rat Kupffer cells (KCs). METHODS: In rat KCs induced by LPS or the mediators from KCs induced by LPS,the changes of CD14 expression were measured by RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry.The expressions of TNF? mRNA?IL-6 mRNA or the concentrations of TNF??IL-6 were estimated by in situ hybridization and radioimmunoassay,respectively. RESULTS: LPS increased the expression of CD14 in KCs in a dose-dependent fashion (LPS,1 ?g/L-10 mg/L) and in a time-dependent fashion(0.5 h-24 h,peaked at 3-6 hours). While the expression of CD14 in KCs stimulated by the active mediators from KCs which had been exposed to LPS 1 hour were obviously increased. CONCLUSIONS: There was a close relationship between LPS or the active mediators from KCs induced by LPS and the expressions of CD14. It is implied that the increase in CD14 expression may be induced by LPS and the cytokines produced by KCs,it also reveals that there is a auto-regulated loop in CD14 expression.

Expression and significance of LBP mRNA in early liver tissue after burn combined with endotoxemia in rats / 第三军医大学学报

Objective To explore the pathogenesis of early liver damage after burn combined with endotoxemia in rats. Methods A total of 156 healthy Wistar rats were randomized into burn combined with injection of endotoxin group (BCEG), single burn group (SBG), single endotoxin injection group (SEG), and normal control group (NCG). An animal model of rats inflicted by 20% TBSA Ⅲ degree burn combined with intraperitoneal injection of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) was used for this experiment. The changes of liver morphology, the hepatic functions, and the localization of liver LBP mRNA were determined by light microscopy and electron microscopy, quantitative analysis, and in situ hybridization(ISH). Results More serious damages in BCEG were found than those in SBG and SEG. ALT activity in BCEG increased significantly at 0 5 h ( P

Advances and prospect in pathology / 解放军医学杂志

Objective To propose the developmental orientation of the science of pathology in PLA in the next five years by reviewing the advances and developmental tendency of pathology in the Eleventh Five-Year Plan. Methods The latest progresses and developmental tendency in pathology were reviewed by reviewing the related reviews and treatises published domestically and abroad. Results With the scientific and technological progresses,especially rapid development of molecular biology,a lot of new knowledge,theories,techniques and methods had been proposed,established and applied in various fields of pathology successfully,which provided a new opportunity for improving clinical pathological diagnosis,pathologic research and teaching,as well as cultivation of academic talents of pathology discipline. Meanwhile,these new advances had also broadened the new field of pathological studies and accelerated the development of military pathology. Remarkable achievements have been obtained in military pathology and oncological pathology,etc. Conclusion Emphasis should hereafter be put on the researches in the fields of molecular pathology,military pathology,clinical pathology and army-civilian common pathological techniques,so as to raise the technical level of pathological diagnosis and perfect the construction of hospital pathology discipline.