Humoral immune response before and after treatment of hydatid cyst

Twenty five patients infected with hydatid cyst were chosen from the inpatient clinics of Tropical Medicine Department of Zagazig University Hospital and were divided into three groups. The first group, included 8 patients, were given medical treatment with mebendazole in a dose of 10 mg/kg body weight/day each in six cycles of six weeks with free intervals of 2 weeks, the second group include 12 patients were undergoing surgical intervention by complete excision of the cyst and the third group include 5 nontreated patients considered as +ve control group. The fourth group was additional 5 healthy matched individuals taken as -ve control group. Each individual was subjected to physical and clinical examination, ultrasonography blood picture for differential leucocytic count and detection of Ig[G], Ig[M] and haemagglutinating antibodies by ELISA and IHAT respectively. All parameters were tested, before and every six months up to two years posttreatment. Before treatment: the level of immunoglobulins Ig[G], Ig[M] and haemagglitinating antibodies [HA], were high in infected cases. Ig[G] level was 1.286 +/- 0.582 and 1.338 +/- 0.449 in medical and surgical groups respectively versus 0.064 +/- 0.0362 in -ve control group with statistical high significant difference [P>0.001]. Ig[M] level was 0.5005 +/- 0.373 and 0.624 +/- 0.246 in medical and surgical treated groups respectively versus 0.057 +/- 0.333 in -ve control group with statistical significant difference [P>0.05]. HA titre was 1280.875 +/- 721.311 and 1365.33 +/- 630.22 in medical and, surgical groups, respectively versus 76.8 +/- 53.54 in -ve control group with statistical high significant difference [P>0.001]. After medical treatment: the level of immunoglobulins Ig[G], Ig[M] and HA was decreased in infected cases to reach normal level. Ig[G] level was gradually decreased to reach normal level in 12.5 and 25% of cases at 18 and 24 months respectively and it still elevated in 62.5% of cases for more than 2 years. Ig[M] level was gradually decreased to reach normal level in 37.5%, 62.5% and 12.5 of cases at 12, 18 and 24 months respectively. HA titre was gradually decreased to reach normal level in 37.5%, 37.5% and 12.5% of cases at 12, 18 and 24 months respectively and it still elevated in 12.5% of cases for more than 2 years postoperative. The level of Ig[G], Ig[M] and HA was decreased to become normal. Ig[G] level was decreased to reach normal in 16.67% and 58.33% of cases at 18 and 24 months respectively and it still elevated in the remaining 25% of cases for more than 2 years. IgM level was decreased to reach normal level in 56%, 33.3% and 8.33% of cases at 12, 18 and 24 months respectively and it still elevated in the remaining 8.33% of cases for more than 2 years. HA titre was decreased to reach normal level in 41.6%, 25% and 16.67% of cases respectively and it still elevated in remaining 16.67% of cases for more than 2 years. Eosinophilia was found in 30% of cases. There was marked improvement in the symptomatology after surgical intervention while after medical treatment there was mild improvement. Ultrasonography showed decrease in size of cyst after medical treatment through 1 1/2 year

Evaluation of the adult fasciola antigens in immunodiagnosis of human fascioliasis by counter immunoelectrophoresis test

Sera of sixty infected patients with fascioliasis were obtained to evaluate the sensitivity of different antigens from adult Fasciola gigantica [crude, sonicated and purified] by using counter immunoelectrophoresis [CIEP] test for the diagnosis of the infected persons. Sera of twenty normal control persons were collected to evaluate the specificity of different antigens by using C.I.E.P. test. The sensitivity of purified Fasciola antigen was higher [100%] than sonicated [91%] or crude [80%] Fasciola antigen. Fasciola purified antigen gave 100% specificity, while sonicated and crude antigen gave 90% and 75% specificity, respectively. Eosinophilia [11-30%] was recorded in all infected cases with Fasciola. From the results, it may be concluded that purified Fasciola antigen is more sensitive and specific when used in CIEP test. It was recommended to be used where extensive cross reactions are suspected. Also, the eosinophilia may be used as a diagnostic feature of fascioliasis

Effect of copper sulphate and bayluscide on fresh water snails of Sharkia governorate

In this study, the effect of two molluscicides [copper sulphate and bayluscide], was tested against fresh water snails Bulinus truncus, Lymnaea cailliaudi, Biomphalaria alexandrina, Physa acute, Melania tuberculate, Cleoptra sp., Viviparus unicolor, Lanistes bolteni at different localities in Sharqia Governorate. The lethal effect of both molluscicides increased with increasing its concentration. Bayluscide was more efficient and the non operculated snails were more susceptible