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Background Anxiety and depression are common perinatal mental health issues that often occur together and can have serious negative effects on both maternal and infant health. Objective To examine the relationships between lifestyle factors and comorbid anxiety and depression (CAD) among pregnant women in Shanghai. Methods The study estimated the prevalence of CAD during the first, second, and third trimesters of pregnancy using the Self-rating Anxiety Scale (SAS) and Center for Epidemiological Studies-Depression (CES-D) based on data from the China National Birth Cohort (CNBC) embryonic-derived diseases with assisted reproductive technology (ART) sub-cohort. Information on demographics, sleep status, nutritional intake, and exercise during each trimester was collected through self-made questionnaires, the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), and the Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ). Lifestyle factors (such as sleep status, nutritional intake, and exercise during each trimester) were analyzed using logistic regression and generalized linear mixed models (GLMM) to determine their impacts on the prevalence of CAD (yes or no) among pregnant women. Results A total of 2876 pregnant women were included in this study. The prevalence of CAD was 10.6% (305), 3.6% (103), and 5.5% (159) in the first, second, and third trimesters of pregnancy, respectively. The logistic regression analysis revealed that poor sleep quality throughout the entire pregnancy were statistically associated with an increased prevalence of CAD, and the odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) were 2.817 (1.845, 4.301), 2.840 (1.855, 4.347), and 9.316 (5.835, 14.876) for the first, second, and third trimesters, respectively, when compared to good sleep quality. Additionally, compared to an intake frequency of 7 times per week, the frequency of egg intake ≤3 times per week in the first trimester (OR=2.025, 95%CI: 1.197, 3.425) and the frequency of egg intake of 4–6 times per week (OR=1.896, 95%CI: 1.117, 3.216) or ≤3 times per week (OR=1.906, 95%CI: 1.082, 3.357) in the third trimester were associated with an increased risk of CAD (P<0.05). Moreover, when compared to a frequency of exercise >3 times per week, never or almost never exercising in the second trimester (OR=2.218, 95%CI: 1.220, 4.035) was associated with an increased risk of CAD (P<0.05). The GLMM analysis also demonstrated a significant association between poor sleep quality, lower exercise frequency, or lower intake frequency of vegetables, eggs, or milk and an increased risk of CAD (P<0.05). Conclusion The prevalence of CAD among pregnant women in Shanghai follows a U-shaped distribution, with the highest rate occurring in early pregnancy and the lowest rate in mid-pregnancy. Factors such as poor sleep quality, inadequate intake of vegetables, eggs, or milk, and lack of exercise during pregnancy may increase the risk of CAD. Implementing lifestyle interventions during pregnancy could potentially reduce the risk of mental health problems and improve the overall health of both mothers and babies.
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AIM: To investigate the effect of long non-coding RNA-HIF1A-AS1(lncRNA HIF1A-AS1)on the chemotherapy sensitivity of vincristine(VCR)-resistant in retinoblastoma(RB)cells by regulating the expression of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α(HIF-1α).METHODS: The human RB VCR-resistant cell line SO-RB50/VCR was established, expression of lncRNA HIF1A-AS1 in SO-RB50 and SO-RB50/VCR cells were detected by reverse transcription-quantitative real-time PCR(RT-qPCR); inhibition of lncRNA HIF1A-AS1 expression or simultaneous overexpression of HIF-1α in SO-RB50/VCR cells, and then median inhibitory concentration(IC50)of VCR and cell proliferation and apoptosis were detected in SO-RB50/VCR cells; the protein expressions of HIF-1α, multidrug resistance associate protein(MRP)and P-glycoprotein(P-gp)were measured by Western blot.RESULTS: Compared with SO-RB50 cells, the expression levels of lncRNA HIF1A-AS1 and HIF-1α protein in SO-RB50/VCR cells were increased(P<0.05); after inhibiting the expression of lncRNA HIF1A-AS1 in SO-RB50/VCR cells, the apoptosis rate was significantly increased(P<0.05), optical density(OD450), the IC50 value of VCR on cells and the expression levels of HIF-1α, MRP and P-gp proteins were significantly reduced(P<0.05); overexpression of HIF-1α attenuates the inhibitory effect of down-regulated lncRNA HIF1A-AS1 expression on drug resistance in SO-RB50/VCR cells.CONCLUSION: The lncRNA HIF1A-AS1 was highly expressed in SO-RB50/VCR cells, and inhibition of lncRNA HIF1A-AS1 expression reduced VCR resistance in SO-RB50/VCR cells by down-regulating HIF-1α expression.
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Objective:To investigate the effect of liraglutide(LRG) on high glucose-induced oxidative stress injury in(H9c2) cardiomyocytes and its underlying mechanisms.Methods:A high glucose treatment was applied to H9c2 cells for 24 hours to establish an in vitro model of myocardial cell injury. Different concentrations of liraglutide(10, 100, 1000 nmol/L) were administered for intervention. Cell viability was evaluated using the CCK-8 assay, and changes in cell morphology were observed under an inverted microscope. After 24 hours of liraglutide(100 nmol/L) intervention following high glucose treatment, the levels of lactate dehydrogenase(LDH), superoxide dismutase(SOD), and malondialdehyde(MDA) in the cell supernatant were measured. RT-PCR and Western blotting were used to detect the mRNA and protein levels of silent information regulator factor 1(SIRT1) and forkhead box protein O1(FOXO1). Western blotting was also used to assess the acetylation level of FOXO1 protein. Small interfering RNA(siRNA) technology was employed to silence SIRT1 in H9c2 cells to confirm its role in the study. Results:Compared to the control group, the high glucose group showed decreased cell viability, cell structure damage, increased levels of LDH and MDA in the cell supernatant, decreased SOD levels, aggravated oxidative stress, decreased SIRT1 expression, and increased acetylation level of FOXO1(all P<0.05). Compared to the high glucose group, liraglutide intervention resulted in increased cell viability, improved cardiac cell morphology, reduced oxidative stress levels, increased SIRT1 expression, and decreased acetylation level of FOXO1(all P<0.05). When SIRT1 was downregulated, the protective effects of liraglutide were weakened(all P<0.05). Conclusions:Liraglutide has a protective effect against high glucose-induced oxidative stress injury in H9c2 cells, which may be associated with the upregulation of SIRT1 expression.
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Objective:To investigate the impact and interaction of Toll like receptor 2 (TLR2) and interferon regulatory factor 5 (IRF-5) gene polymorphisms on the susceptibility to neonatal sepsis.Methods:A total of 78 cases of neonatal septicemia patients admitted to Baoding Children′s Hospital from July 2018 to August 2021 were prospectively selected as the study group, and 78 cases of healthy newborns in the same period were selected as the control group. The TLR2 and IRF-5 gene polymorphisms and the levels of inflammatory markers [C-reactive protein (CRP), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6)] in different genotypes of infants were compared between the two groups. We evaluated the relationship between TLR2 and IRF-5 genotypes, inflammatory markers, and susceptibility to neonatal sepsis, and analyzed the interaction between their gene polymorphisms and susceptibility to neonatal sepsis.Results:There were significant differences in the distribution of TLR2 (rs3804099) and IRF-5 (rs2004640) loci genotype and Allele frequency between the two groups (all P<0.05); The serum CRP, TNF-α, and IL-6 levels in children with TLR2 (rs3804099) genotype TT genotype [(111.12±30.87)mg/L, (77.50±20.02)pg/ml, (40.27±11.31)pg/ml] were higher than those in children with CC/CT genotype [(72.46±24.51)mg/L, (54.18±17.65)pg/ml, (28.34±9.05)pg/ml], and the differences were statistically significant (all P<0.05). The serum CRP, TNF-α, and IL-6 levels [(113.90±28.94)mg/L, TNF-α (79.84±19.82)pg/ml, IL-6 (41.05±11.49)pg/ml] in children with the IRF-5 (rs2004640) TT genotype were higher than those in children with the GG/GT genotype [(70.88±22.16)mg/L, (52.27±16.73)pg/ml, (27.96±9.75)pg/ml], and the differences were statistically significant (all P<0.05). The TT genotypes at TLR2 (rs3804099) and IRF-5 (rs2004640) loci were positively correlated with serum CRP, TNF-α, and IL-6 levels (all P<0.05); The TT genotypes at TLR2 (rs3804099) and IRF-5 (rs2004640) loci were independent risk factors for susceptibility to neonatal sepsis (all P<0.05); The TT genotype at the TLR2 (rs3804099) locus and the TT genotype at the IRF-5 (rs2004640) locus exhibited a positive interaction in susceptibility to neonatal sepsis ( OR=7.467, γ=1.728). Conclusions:TLR2 (rs3804099) TT genotype and IRF-5 (rs2004640) TT genotype significantly increase the susceptibility to neonatal sepsis, and there is a positive interaction between the two.
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Objective:To analyze the epidemic dynamics and characteristics of human brucellosis in Jinzhong City, Shanxi Province, and to provide scientific basis for formulating prevention and control measures.Methods:Brucellosis epidemic data from "China Disease Prevention and Control Information System" from 2013 to 2020 and the surveillance data of brucellosis prevention and control in Jinzhong City over the years were collected, and the epidemiological characteristics, serological and pathogenic monitoring results of brucellosis in Jinzhong City were analyzed.Results:A total of 5 235 cases of brucellosis were reported in Jinzhong City from 2013 to 2020, with an average annual incidence of 19.60/100 000. There was a statistically significant difference in the annual incidence of each year (χ 2 = 561.09, P < 0.001). Pingyao County had the largest number of reported cases (903 cases), and Yushe County had the highest incidence (59.78/100 000). The incidence was observed in every month of the past years, with significant seasonal onset, the peak of the incidence was from March to July, accounting for 60.50% (3 167/5 235). The majority of the patients were male, aged 20 - 60 years, and farmers, accounting for 81.07% (4 244/5 235), 85.06% (4 453/5 235) and 81.34% (4 258/5 235), respectively. Epidemiological investigation revealed 33 522 high-risk occupational groups. Serological examination was performed in 24 544 people, with a positive rate of 4.45% (1 091/24 544). In 263 pathogenic culture samples, 52 strains of Brucella were found, with a detection rate of 19.77%, all of them were sheep type 3. Conclusions:In recent years, the epidemic of brucellosis in Jinzhong City has shown a sporadic trend, with significant regional differences in the incidence. The occupational population is still the focus of prevention and control. It is suggested to carry out occupational population monitoring, do a good job in health education and behavioral intervention, timely learn about the epidemic dynamics, and effectively control the brucellosis epidemic.
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The continuous pandemic coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2(SARS-CoV-2)is a serious threat to human life and health because of high infectious pathogenicity, and it also has posed a new challenge to the current medical model. Many literatures have shown that these changes range from the more common ocular surface diseases such as inflammation of the cornea, conjunctiva, and sclera, to the relatively rare paracentral acute middle maculopathy and acute macular neuroretinopathy. For patients with ocular symptoms as the first or accompanying symptoms of SARS-CoV-2 infection, how to identify the correlation between ocular manifestations and SARS-CoV-2 infection is undoubtedly a serious challenge for ophthalmologists. In this review, the ocular pathology caused by both SARS-CoV-2 infection and vaccination was discussed, covering pathological changes in the ocular surface, uvea, retina and macula, and cranial nerves.
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Background Neonicotinoid insecticides (NEOs) are emerging synthetic insecticides that have been used in various pest management regimens worldwide as alternatives to conventional insecticides. Recently, several studies have indicated that humans are widely exposed to NEOs, but limited is known about the levels and associated health risks of NEOs exposure among children. Objective To estimate exposure levels of four kinds of NEOs in urine samples among 5-year-old children from Laizhou Wan, Shandong Province, and to evaluate health risks of single and cumulative exposure to NEOs among children in this area. Methods A total of 205 children who participated in the 5-year-old follow-up in Laizhou Wan Birth Cohort (LWBC) were included. Urinary concentrations of four NEOs [imidacloprid (IMI), acetamiprid (ACE), clothianidin (CLO), and thiamethoxam (THM)] were measured by high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with triple quadrupole mass spectrometry. Based on the detected NEOs concentrations, estimated daily intake (EDI) was calculated, and the health risk of exposure to single NEO was assessed using hazard quotient (HQ, risk threshold=1). A relative potency factor (RPF) approach was used to standardize the concentrations of the four NEOs by IMI to calculate their cumulative concentrations. Then, the health risk of cumulative exposure to the four NEOs was further evaluated based on the HQ method. Results The detection rates of the four NEOs in the 5-year-old children were all above 90%, and their median creatinine-adjusted urinary concentrations were in the order from high to low as follows: CLO (1.373 μg·g−1) > THM (0.628 μg·g−1) > IMI (0.310 μg·g−1) > ACE (0.073 μg·g−1). Of the four NEOs, the median EDI of IMI was 0.035 µg·kg−1·d−1, higher than those of CLO (0.032 µg·kg−1·d−1), THM (0.012 µg·kg−1·d−1), and ACE (0.002 µg·kg−1·d−1). The maximum HQ values of IMI, CLO, THM, and ACE were 0.168, 0.152, 0.055, and 0.022, respectively, which were all far lower than the risk threshold of 1. The median concentration of cumulative exposure to the four NEOs standardized by IMI was 21.241 μg·g−1, and its median EDI was 2.370 µg·kg−1·d−1. The maximum HQ of cumulative exposure to the four NEOs was only 0.694, which also did not exceed the risk threshold of 1. Conclusion NEOs exposure is common among the 5-year-old children in Laizhou Wan, Shandong. Although there is no obvious health risk associated with single and cumulative exposure to NEOs in the children in this area, their exposure levels of NEOs are higher than those in some foreign areas. The adverse health effects of long-term exposure to low dose of NEOs deserve our extensive attention.
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Objective: To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of norovirus-caused acute gastroenteritis outbreaks in China, identify the factors influencing the scale of outbreaks, and provide scientific evidences for early control of norovirus infection outbreaks. Methods: The descriptive epidemiological analysis approach was applied to analyze the incidence of national norovirus infection outbreaks by using the data from the Public Health Emergency Event Surveillance System in China from January 1, 2007 to December 31, 2021. The unconditional logistic regression model was applied to analyze the risk factors that affected the outbreaks' scale. Results: A total of 1 725 norovirus infection outbreaks were recorded in China from 2007 to 2021, with an upward trend in the number of the reported outbreaks. The southern provinces had their annual outbreak peaks from October to March; the northern provinces had two outbreak peaks from October to December and from March to June annually. The outbreaks occurred mainly in southeastern coastal provinces with a trend of gradual spread to central, northeastern and western provinces. The outbreaks mainly occurred in schools and childcare setting (1 539 cases, 89.22%), followed by enterprises and institutions (67 cases, 3.88%) and community households (55 cases, 3.19%). Human to human transmission was the main infection route (73.16%), and norovirus GⅡ genotype was the predominate pathogen causing the outbreaks (899 cases, 81.58%). The time interval between the onset of the primary case and the outbreak reporting M (Q1, Q3) was 3 (2, 6) days and the case number of the outbreak M (Q1, Q3) was 38 (28, 62). The timeliness of outbreak reporting was improved in recent years and the scale of the outbreaks showed a decreasing trend over the years, the differences in reporting timeliness and outbreak scale among different settings were significant (P<0.001). The factors that affected outbreaks' scale included the outbreak setting, transmission route, outbreak reporting timeliness and type of living areas (P<0.05). Conclusions: From 2007 to 2021, the number of the norovirus-caused acute gastroenteritis outbreaks increased in China and the more areas were affected. However, the outbreak scale showed a decreasing trend and the outbreak reporting timeliness was improved. It is important to further improve the surveillance sensitivity and reporting timeliness for the effective control of the outbreak scale.
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Humanos , Criança , Norovirus , Surtos de Doenças , China , Cuidado da Criança , GastroenteriteRESUMO
Objective: To analyze the incidence trend and epidemiological characteristics of typhoid fever and paratyphoid fever in China from 2004 to 2020, understand the high-incidence population and hotspot areas, and provide evidences to develop more targeted prevention and control measures. Methods: The descriptive epidemiological method and spatial analysis method were applied to analyze the epidemiological characteristics of typhoid fever and paratyphoid fever in China during this period by using the surveillance data collected from the National Notifiable Infectious Disease Reporting System of Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention. Results: A total of 202 991 cases of typhoid fever were reported in China from 2004 to 2020. More cases occurred in men than in women (sex ratio: 1.18∶1). Most cases were reported in adults aged 20-59 years (53.60%). The incidence rate of typhoid fever decreased from 2.54/100 000 in 2004 to 0.38/100 000 in 2020. The highest incidence rate was reported in young children aged <3 years after 2011, ranging from 1.13/100 000 to 2.78/100 000, and during this period the proportion of cases in this age group increased from 3.48% to 15.59%. The proportion of the cases in the elderly aged ≥60 years increased from 6.46% in 2004 to 19.34% in 2020. The hotspot areas existed in Yunnan, Guizhou, Guangxi and Sichuan Provinces and expanded to Guangdong, Hunan, Jiangxi, and Fujian Provinces. A total of 86 226 paratyphoid fever cases were reported from 2004 to 2020, the male to female ratio of the cases was 1.21∶1. Most cases were reported in adults aged 20-59 years (59.80%). The incidence rate of paratyphoid fever decreased from 1.26/100 000 in 2004 to 0.12/100 000 in 2020. The highest incidence rate of paratyphoid fever was in young children aged <3 years after 2007, ranging from 0.57/100 000 to 1.19/100 000, and during this period the proportion of the cases in this age group increased from 1.48% to 30.92%. The proportion of the cases in the elderly aged ≥60 years increased from 4.52% in 2004 to 22.28% in 2020. The hotspot areas expanded to the east, including Guangdong, Hunan and Jiangxi Provinces, from Yunnan, Guizhou, Sichuan, and Guangxi Provinces. Conclusions: The results showed a low level of incidence of typhoid fever and paratyphoid fever in China with a trend of decreasing per year. The hotspots were mainly in the of Yunnan, Guizhou, Guangxi and Sichuan Provinces, with an expanding trend to eastern China. It is necessary to strengthen the typhoid fever and paratyphoid fever prevention and control in southwestern China, among young children aged <3 years and the elderly aged ≥60 years.
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Adulto , Idoso , Pré-Escolar , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Adulto Jovem , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , China/epidemiologia , Febre Paratifoide/epidemiologia , Razão de Masculinidade , Febre Tifoide/epidemiologiaRESUMO
OBJECTIVE@#To conduct a preliminary study on joint injuries of anterior and calcaneal fibular ligaments of the lateral ankle joint, and to analyze mechanism of action of shaking and poking in treating ankle joint and biomechanical properties of ankle during the recovery of joint injuries.@*METHODS@#CT scan was performed on a male volunteer with right ankle sprain. Mimics 10.0, Solidworks 2016, Hypermesh 12.0 and Abaqus 6.13 software were used to establish 3D nonlinear finite element analysis model of foot and ankle, and the validity of model was verified. Combined with clinical study, the finite element simulation analysis was carried out on the toe flexion, dorsiflexion, varus and valgus of ankle joint under different treatment periods by adjusting elastic modulus of ligament to simulate ligament injury.@*RESULTS@#With the treatment of shake and prick and recovery of ligament injury, the maximum stress and area with large stress on tibial pitch and fibular joint surface gradually increased under the four working conditions, and the stress value of the maximum stress ligament gradually increased, and the stress of the anterior and calcaneal fibular ligament dispersed and transferred, and the axial force gradually decreased.@*CONCLUSION@#The finite element method was used to simulate the mechanical condition of the shaking and stamping technique, and the changes of the forces of the ligament and articular surface before and after treatment of anterior and calcaneal ligament combined injury of ankle talus were intuitively observed. The treatment effect was quantified, and could provid objective and scientific basis for clinical promotion and application of this technique.
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Masculino , Humanos , Articulação do Tornozelo , Análise de Elementos Finitos , Ligamentos Articulares , Entorses e Distensões/terapia , Traumatismos do Tornozelo/terapiaRESUMO
Objective:To investigate the effect of posterior nasal neurectomy（PNN） with pharyngeal neurectomy （PN） on chronic sinusitis with nasal polyps （CRSwNP）complicated with perennial allergic rhinitis （PAR）. Methods:83 patients with perennial allergic rhinitis combined with chronic group-wide sinusitis with nasal polyps who attended our hospital from July 2020 to July 2021 were selected. All patients underwent conventional functional endoscopic sinusitis surgery（FESS）+ nasal polypectomy. Patients were divided according to whether they underwent PNN+PN. 38 cases in the experimental group underwent FESS combined with PNN+PN; 44 cases in the control group underwent conventional FESS alone. All patients underwent the VAS, RQLQ, and MLK before treatment, and at 6 months and 1 year after surgery. Meanwhile, other relevant data were collected and the preoperative and postoperative follow-up data were collected and analyzed to assess the differences between the two groups. Results:The total postoperative follow-up period was 1 year. The recurrence rate of nasal polyps at 1 year postoperatively and the nasal congestion VAS score at 6 months postoperatively were not statistically significant in the two groups（P>0.05）. However, the patients in the experimental group had statistically significantly lower effusion and sneezing VAS scores, MLK endoscopy scores and RQLQ scores at 6 months and 1 year postoperatively, and nasal congestion VAS scores at 1 year postoperatively compared to the control group（P<0.05）. Conclusion:For patients with perennial AR complicated with CRSwNP, the combination of the PNN+PN in FESS can significantly improve the short-term curative effect, and PNN+PN is a safe and effective surgical treatment.
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Humanos , Pólipos Nasais/cirurgia , Rinite Alérgica/cirurgia , Sinusite/cirurgia , Rinite Alérgica Perene , Endoscopia , Denervação , Doença Crônica , Rinite/complicaçõesRESUMO
The implantation of biventricular assist device (BiVAD) is more challenging than that of left ventricular assist device for the interaction in the process of multiple input and output. Besides, ventricular assist device (VAD) often runs in constant speed (CS) mode in clinical use and thus BiVAD also faces the problems of low pulsation and imbalance of blood volume between systemic circulation and pulmonary circulation. In this paper, a delay assist mode for a VAD by shortening the support time of VAD was put forward. Then, the effect of the delay mode on cardiac output, pulsation and the function of the aortic valve was observed by numerical method and the rules of hemodynamics were revealed. The research showed that compared with VAD supported in CS mode, the VAD using delay mode in systolic and diastolic period proposed in this paper could meet the demand of cardiac output perfusion and restore the function of the arterial valves. The open ratio of aortic valve (AV) and pulmonary valve (PV) increased with the time set in delay mode, and the blood through the AV/PV helped to balance the left and the right cardiac volume. Besides, delay mode also improved the pulsation index of arterial blood flow, which is conducive to the recovery of the ventricular pulse function of patients.
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Humanos , Sistema Cardiovascular , Diástole , Insuficiência Cardíaca , Frequência Cardíaca , Coração Auxiliar , Hemodinâmica , Modelos CardiovascularesRESUMO
OBJECTIVE@#To observe the clinical efficacy of different treatment frequency of auricular bloodletting combined with auricular point sticking for acne vulgaris.@*METHODS@#A total of 90 patients with acne vulgaris were randomized into a treatment group 1 (30 cases, 2 cases dropped off), a treatment group 2 (30 cases, 4 cases dropped off) and a treatment group 3 (30 cases, 5 cases dropped off). Combination therapy of auricular bloodletting and auricular point sticking at Fei (CO14), Shenmen (TF4), Neifenmi (CO18) and Shenshangxian (TG2p) were given once a week, twice a week and 3 times a week in the treatment group 1, the treatment group 2 and the treatment group 3 respectively, 4 weeks were as one course and totally 3 courses were required in the 3 groups. Before treatment and after 1, 2, 3 courses of treatment, the scores of global acne grading system (GAGS), skin lesion and quality of life-acne (QoL-Acne) were observed, the clinical efficacy was evaluated after 3 courses of treatment and the recurrence rate was evaluated in follow-up of 1 month after treatment in the 3 groups.@*RESULTS@#Compared before treatment, the scores of GAGS and skin lesion were decreased at each time point in the 3 groups (P<0.05), the QoL-Acne scores were increased after 1 course of treatment in the treatment group 3 and after 2, 3 courses of treatment in the 3 groups (P<0.05). There were no statistical differences in scores of GAGS, skin lesion and QoL-Acne among the 3 groups (P>0.05). There were no statistical differences in effective rate and recurrence rate among the 3 groups (P>0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#Different frequency of auricular bloodletting combined with auricular point sticking have similar efficacy in treating acne vulgaris, all can improve the skin lesion and quality of life in patients with acne vulgaris, and have a cumulative effect and good long-term curative effect.
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Humanos , Acne Vulgar/terapia , Pontos de Acupuntura , Acupuntura Auricular , Sangria , Qualidade de Vida , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
Objective: To investigate the effect and mechanism of sacubitril/valsartan on left ventricular remodeling and cardiac function in rats with heart failure. Methods: A total of 46 SPF-grade male Wistar rats weighed 300-350 g were acclimatized to the laboratory for 7 days. Rats were then divided into 4 groups: the heart failure group (n=12, intraperitoneal injection of adriamycin hydrochloride 2.5 mg/kg once a week for 6 consecutive weeks, establishing a model of heart failure); heart failure+sacubitril/valsartan group (treatment group, n=12, intragastric administration with sacubitril/valsartan 1 week before the first injection of adriamycin, at a dose of 60 mg·kg-1·d-1 for 7 weeks); heart failure+sacubitril/valsartan+APJ antagonist F13A group (F13A group, n=12, adriamycin and sacubitril/valsartan, intraperitoneal injection of 100 μg·kg-1·d-1 APJ antagonist F13A for 7 weeks) and control group (n=10, intraperitoneal injection of equal volume of normal saline). One week after the last injection of adriamycin or saline, transthoracic echocardiography was performed to detect the cardiac structure and function, and then the rats were executed, blood and left ventricular specimens were obtained for further analysis. Hematoxylin-eosin staining and Masson trichrome staining were performed to analyze the left ventricular pathological change and myocardial fibrosis. TUNEL staining was performed to detect cardiomyocyte apoptosis. mRNA expression of left ventricular myocardial apelin and APJ was detected by RT-qRCR. ELISA was performed to detect plasma apelin-12 concentration. The protein expression of left ventricular myocardial apelin and APJ was detected by Western blot. Results: Seven rats survived in the heart failure group, 10 in the treatment group, and 8 in the F13A group. Echocardiography showed that the left ventricular end-diastolic diameter (LVEDD) and the left ventricular end-systolic diameter (LVESD) were higher (both P<0.05), while the left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) and left ventricular fractional shortening (LVFS) were lower in the heart failure group than in the control group (both P<0.05). Compared with the heart failure group, rats in the treatment group were featured with lower LVEDD and LVESD (both P<0.05), higher LVEF and LVFS (both P<0.05), these beneficial effects were reversed in rats assigned to F13A group (all P<0.05 vs. treatment group). The results of HE staining showed that the cardiomyocytes of rats in the control group were arranged neatly and densely structured, the cardiomyocytes in the heart failure group were arranged in disorder, distorted and the gap between cells was increased, the cardiomyocytes in the treatment group were slightly neat and dense, and cardiomyocytes in the F13A group were featured similarly as the heart failure group. Masson staining showed that there were small amount of collagen fibers in the left ventricular myocardial interstitium of the control group, while left ventricular myocardial fibrosis was significantly increased, and collagen volume fraction (CVF) was significantly higher in the heart failure group than that of the control group (P<0.05). Compared with the heart failure group, the left ventricular myocardial fibrosis and the CVF were reduced in the treatment group (both P<0.05), these effects were reversed in the F13A group (all P<0.05 vs. treatment group). TUNEL staining showed that the apoptosis index (AI) of cardiomyocytes in rats was higher in the heart failure group compared with the control group (P<0.05), which was reduced in the treatment group (P<0.05 vs. heart failure group), this effect again was reversed in the F13A group (P<0.05 vs. treatment group). The results of RT-qPCR and Western blot showed that the mRNA and protein levels of apelin and APJ in left ventricular myocardial tissue of rats were downregulated in heart failure group (all P<0.05) compared with the control group. Compared with the heart failure group, the mRNA and protein levels of apelin and APJ were upregulated in the treatment group (all P<0.05), these effects were reversed in the F13A group (all P<0.05 vs. treatment group). ELISA test showed that the plasma apelin concentration of rats was lower in the heart failure group compared with the control group (P<0.05); compared with the heart failure group, the plasma apelin concentration of rats was higher in the treatment group (P<0.05), this effect was reversed in the F13A group (P<0.05 vs. treatment group). Conclusion: Sacubitril/valsartan can partially reverse left ventricular remodeling and improve cardiac function in rats with heart failure through modulating Apelin/APJ pathways.
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Animais , Masculino , Ratos , Aminobutiratos/farmacologia , Apelina/metabolismo , Compostos de Bifenilo , Colágeno/metabolismo , Doxorrubicina/farmacologia , Fibrose , Insuficiência Cardíaca/patologia , Miócitos Cardíacos/patologia , RNA Mensageiro/metabolismo , Ratos Wistar , Valsartana/farmacologia , Função Ventricular Esquerda/efeitos dos fármacos , Remodelação VentricularRESUMO
Objective To investigate the protective effect of Echinococcus granulosus hydatid cyst fluid protein (HCFP) on ovalbumin (OVA)-induced allergic rhinitis (AR) in mice. Methods Twenty-four BALB/c mice at ages of 8 to 10 weeks, each weighing approximately 20 g, were randomly divided into four groups, including groups A (blank control group), B (blank intervention group), C (AR model group) and D (AR+HCFP intervention group), with 6 mice in each group. On days 0, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10 and 12, mice in groups A, B, C and D were injected with 200 μL sterile phosphate buffered saline (PBS), 200 μL sterile PBS containing 20 μg HCFP, 200 μL sterile PBS containing 50 μg OVA and 5 mg Al(OH)3 gel, and 200 μL sterile PBS containing 50 μg OVA, 5 mg Al(OH)3 gel and 20 μg HCFP, respectively. On days 14 to 20, mice in groups A, B, C and D were administered with 40 μL sterile PBS, 40 μL sterile PBS containing 20 μg HCFP, 40 μL sterile PBS containing 2 mg OVA and 40 μL sterile PBS containing 2 mg OVA and 20 μL HCFP by nasal drop, respectively. Mouse behavioral changes were observed and behavioral scores were estimated. The serum levels of interferon-γ (IFN-γ), interleukin-4 (IL-4), IL-5, IL-10, transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) and OVA-specific IgE antibody (OVA-sIgE) were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and the pathological changes of mouse nasal mucosa were observed by hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining. Results The mean behavioral score was significantly greater in Group C (6.83 ± 0.50) than in groups A (1.17 ± 0.52) and B (1.33 ± 0.52) (P < 0.05), while a lower mean behavioral score was estimated in Group D (3.50 ± 0.50) than in Group C (P < 0.05). There were significant differences among the groups in terms of serum IFN-γ (F = 4.08, P < 0.05), IL-4 (F = 275.90, P < 0.05), IL-5 (F = 96.82, P < 0.05), IL-10 (F = 77.67, P < 0.05), TGF-β (F = 9.98, P < 0.05) and OVA-sIgE levels (F = 44.69, P < 0.05). The serum IFN-γ level was significantly lower in Group C than in groups A, B and C (P < 0.05), and the serum levels of IL-4, IL-5 and OVA-sIgE were significantly higher in Group C than in groups A, B and C (P < 0.05), while the serum IL-10 and TGF-β levels were significantly greater in Group D than in Group C (P < 0.05). Microscopy showed apparent loss of nasal mucosa cilia, increased number and enlargement of goblet cells, interstitial edema and submucous vascular dilation in Group C, while the pathological changes of nasal mucosa were alleviated in Group D relative to Group C. Conclusions E. granulosus HCFP has a protective activity against OVA-induced allergic rhinitis in mice.
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The lens of the eye has been recognized as one of the most radiosensitive tissues. It has been known that a radiation dose of 0.5 Gy or higher can induce radiation cataract. Studies have also demonstrated that long-term exposure to low-dose radiation can increase the risk of lens opacity. However, the specific biologic mechanism of lens opacity induced by low-dose ionizing radiation is still unclear. Many mechanism chains may induce opacity independently or jointly, such as genomic damage in lens epithelial cells, oxidative stress, defects in intercellular communication, and inflammatory reaction, and genetic and epigenetic factors may also play a role. This paper briefly reviews the mechanisms of low-dose ionizing radiation inducing lens opacity as well as the role of genetic susceptibility in its development and progression, in order to provide a scientific reference for the prevention and control of this disease.
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Objective:To investigate the role of stress-inducible protein Sestrin2 (Sesn2) in the improvement of insulin resistance in rat L6 skeletal muscle cells treated with liraglutide.Methods:The establishment of insulin resistance model of rat L6 skeletal muscle cells was induced by palmitate. The experimental cells were divided into control group(Con group), palmitate 0.6 mmol/L treatment group(PA group), palmitate 0.6 mmol/L+ liraglutide 10 nmol/L treatment group(PA+ Lir10 group), palmitate 0.6 mmol/L+ liraglutide 100 nmol/L treatment group(PA+ Lir100 group), and palmitate 0.6 mmol/L+ liraglutide 1 000 nmol/L treatment group(PA+ Lir1000 group). The cell counting kit 8(CCK8) method was used to detect the cell activity in each group. Western blotting was used to detect the expression levels of glucose transporter 4(GLUT4), protein kinase B(Akt), phosphorylated protein kinase B(p-Akt), and Sesn2 protein in L6 cells. L6 cells were transfected with siRNA to inhibit the expression of Sesn2. The cells were treated with palmitate and liraglutide. Western blotting was used to detect the expression levels of Sesn2, Akt, p-Akt, and GLUT4 protein in L6 cells.Results:Compared with Con group, the cell survival rate, p-Akt/Akt ratio, Sesn2, and GLUT4 protein expression in PA group decreased significantly( P<0.05). After liraglutide intervention, the cell activity, p-Akt/Akt ratio, Sesn2, and GLUT4 protein expression of PA+ Lir100 and PA+ Lir1000 groups was increased( P<0.05). After inhibiting the expression of Sesn2, p-Akt/Akt ratio and GLUT4 protein in transfected si-Sesn2 and treated with 0.6 mmol/L palmitate group(PA+ si-Sesn2 group) and transfected si-Sesn2 and treated with 0.6 mmol/L palmitate+ liraglutide 100 nmol/L group (Lir100+ PA+ si-Sesn2 group) were significantly lower than those in transfection negative group (si-Con group; P<0.05). Even after liraglutide intervention, compared with PA+ si-Sesn2 group, p-Akt/Akt ratio and GLUT4 protein expression level were not significantly increased in Lir100+ PA+ si-Sesn2 group ( P>0.05). Conclusions:Palmitate could induce the decrease of p-Akt/Akt ratio and GLUT4 protein expression in L6 cells. Liraglutide upregulates the expression of Sesn2, which leads to the increase of p-Akt/Akt ratio and GLUT4 protein expression and contributes to the improvement of insulin resistance.
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Breast cancer is a malignant tumor with high mortality, and multidrug resistance (MDR) mediated by ABCG2 (ATP-Binding cassette G2) is an important cause of chemotherapy failure. It is an urgent problem to explore the mechanism of ABCG2-mediated drug resistance and its key molecules. Epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EpCAM) is involved in multiple tumor drug resistance and is closely related to breast cancer MDR. However, its role in ABCG2-mediated breast cancer drug resistance has not been clarified. The purpose of this study was to explore the regulation of EpCAM on ABCG2-mediated MDR in breast cancer cells and its mechanism. CCK8 cytotoxicity assays confirmed that the drug resistance of MCF-7/MX cell line to mitoxantrone (MX) was significantly increased compared with MCF-7 drug-sensitive strain of human breast cancer. Western blotting results showed that ABCG2 was highly expressed and EpCAM was up-regulated in MCF-7/MX cells compared with MCF-7. SiRNA knockdown of EpCAM in MCF-7/MX cells down-regulated ABCG2 expression and restored sensitivity to MX. Cell morphology was observed under an inverted microscope, and it was found that knocking down EpCAM reduced cell-cell connections between MCF-7/MX cells. The co-localization of EpCAM and claudin 1 in MCF-7/MX cells was observed by immunofluorescence. Furthermore, Western blotting results showed that EpCAM knockdown reduced claudin 1 expression in MCF-7/MX cells. In conclusion, EpCAM may promote ABCG2-mediated mMDR in breast cancers by enhancing intercellular tight junctions through interaction with claudin 1.
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Aim To investigate the role of aberrant cytokeratin 18(CK18) expression in breast cancer metastasis, anrl to elucidate the mechanism by identif¬ying its target.Methods The expression of CK.18 in human breast cancer tissues and cells was determined using immunohistochemical staining and Western blot, respectively.CK18 expression in human breast cancer MCF-7 cells was effectively down-regulated by shRNA, and its effect on breast cancer metastasis was further determined by scratch wound healing assay.The co-lo- cation of CK18 and non-muscle II A ( NMIIA) in MCF-7 cells was examined using double immunofluo¬rescence staining.The effect of CK18 down-regulation on the levels of NMIIA and c-Abl-ERK signaling was quantified by Western blot.Results Lower CK18 lev¬els was found in metastatic than that in primary breast cancer tissues and in highly invasive MDA-MB-231 than that in MCF-7 cells.CK.18 down-regulation pro¬moted the wound repair ability of MCF-7 cells 72h after scratch.CK18 and NMIIA were shown to co-locate in cytoplasm of MCF-7 cells.Moreover, down-regulation of CK18 increased NMIIA expression and activated the c-Abl-ERK signaling pathway in MCF-7 cells.Con¬clusions Down-regulation of CK18 could promote me¬tastasis of breast cancer, which is related to increased NMIIA expression and the activation of c-Abl-ERK sig¬naling pathway.
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Objective:To explore the significance of 99Tc m-sulfur colloid lymphoscintigraphy in the diagnosis of lower limb lymphedema after gynecological tumor surgery. Methods:The clinical data of patients with lower limb lymphedema after gynecological tumor surgery in Union Hospital Affiliated to Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology from May 2015 to October 2019 were retrospectively analyzed. 99Tc m-sulfur colloid lymphoscintigraphy was performed in all patients. The results of lymphatic vessel imaging, lymph node imaging and their combination in the diagnosis of lower limb lymphedema were analyzed. The diagnostic efficacy of lymphatic vessel imaging alone, lymph node imaging alone and their combination was evaluated by the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and the area under the curve (AUC), and the Youden index, sensitivity and specificity were calculated. Results:Among the 100 lower limbs of 50 patients, 56 limbs had lymphedema and 44 limbs had no obvious edema. When diagnosis was based on abnormal lymphatic vessel imaging alone, among 56 lower limbs with lymphedema, lower limbs lymphatic vessel imaging was positive in 38 (67.9%) and negative in 18 (32.1%); among 44 lower limbs without obvious edema, lower limbs lymphatic vessel imaging was positive in 6 (13.6%) and negative in 38 (86.4%); the sensitivity was 67.9%, the specificity was 86.4%, and the Youden index was 0.543. When diagnosis was based on abnormal lymph node imaging alone, among 56 lower limbs with lymphedema, lower limbs lymph node imaging was positive in 42 (75.0%) and negative in 14 (25.0%); among 44 lower limbs without obvious edema, lower limbs lymph node imaging was positive in 13 (29.5%) and negative in 31 (70.5%); the sensitivity was 75.0%, the specificity was 70.5%, and the Youden index was 0.455. When diagnosis was based on the combination of lymphatic vessel imaging and lymph node imaging, among 56 lower limbs with lymphedema, lymphatic vessel imaging and lymph node imaging were positive in 48 (85.7%) and negative in 8 (14.3%); among 44 lower limbs without obvious edema, lymphatic vessel imaging and lymph node imaging were positive in 14 (31.8%) and negative in 30 (68.2%); the sensitivity was 85.7%, the specificity was 68.2%, and the Youden index was 0.539. The AUC for the combined diagnosis of lymphatic vessel imaging and lymph node imaging was 0.781, the AUC for the diagnosis of abnormal lymphatic vessel imaging was 0.771, and the AUC for the diagnosis of abnormal lymph node imaging was 0.739 (all P < 0.01). Conclusions:99Tc m-sulfur colloid lymphoscintigraphy is of great help in the diagnosis of lower limb lymphedema after operation of gynecological tumors. The combination of lymph node imaging and lymphatic vessel imaging is more effective in the diagnosis of lower limb lymphedema.