Treatment of Scaphoid Nonunions Using a Pronator Quadratus Pedicled Bone Graft

PURPOSE: This study was to evaluate the clinical results of the treatment of scaphoid nonunions using a pronator quadratus pedicled bone graft. METHODS: Thirteen patients with a scaphoid nonunion were treated with pronator quadratus pedicled bone graft. The average age of the patients was 20.23 years (range: 19-22 years) and the minimum follow-up period was one year. In all patients, bone grafting was performed and screw was fixed by using a volar aspect of distal radius bone graft with pronator quadratus muscle. RESULTS: All 13 patients showed radiographic union with the average union time of 10.8 weeks (range: 9-13 weeks). Flexion, extension, radial deviation and ulnar deviation of wrist joint improved compared to the preoperative condition (p<0.05). Postoperative scapholunate and radiolunate angle improved compared to the preoperative condition (p<0.05). Eleven patients (84.5%) showed excellent or good results according to Herbert and Fisher's score criteria of functional, subjective satisfaction and radiographic result. CONCLUSION: Pronator quadratus pedicled bone grafting can be considered to be easily accessible technique on vascularized bone graft for osteosynthesis of scaphoid nonunions. It is proved to be effective for bone union, increased wrist joint motion.

Deep Vein Thrombosis and Neurovascular Injury after Total Hip Arthroplasty / 대한고관절학회지

Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) is a relatively common complication of total hip arthroplasty. DVT can accompany symptoms of pain and swelling of the lower leg, and can lead to fatal pulmonary thromboembolism. Surgical procedure is a primary risk factor, and obesity, medical status of disease, or patient's factors could be related. Diagnostic modalities include venography, Doppler ultrasound, CT angiography, and magnetic resonance venography. Mechanical prophylaxis, such as compression stocking and use of an intermittent pneumatic compression device or a pharmacological agent, such as Warfarin, low molecular weight heparin, thrombin inhibitors, and factor Xa inhibitor can be useful. Neurovascular injury after total hip arthroplasty is an uncommon complication, but can be disastrous and fatal. To prevent this complication, the surgeon must be well acquainted with the anatomy and proper surgical skill is needed.

Results of Ceramic on Ceramic Bearing Total Hip Arthroplasty Using Cemented Femoral Stem and Cementless Femoral Stem

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the results of ceramic-on-ceramic bearing primary total hip arthroplasty (THA) using cemented femoral stems and cementless femoral stems. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We studied 59 cases (52 patients) of THAs using ceramic-on-ceramic bearing cemented femoral stems and 64 cases (58 patients) of THAs using ceramic-on-ceramic bearing cementless femoral stems. All THAs were performed between January 2004 and February 2005 and were followed up for more than 3 years. The clinical results were evaluated using the Harris hip score (HHS), WOMAC score, sense of discomfort, and thigh pain. Radiographic results were assessed with serial radiographs. RESULTS: The mean HHS improved from 62.7 points preoperatively to 92.4 points at the last follow-up in the cemented stem group and improved from 61.5 points to 91.8 points in the cementless stem group (p>0.05). And mean WOMAC score improved from 37.9 points to 7.0 points in the cemented stem group and from 38.5 points to 12 points in the cementless stem group (p<0.05). There were 5 patients with a sense of discomfort and 9 patients with thigh pain in the cementless stem group and no cases in the cemented stem group. There were no instances of acetabular loosening in either group. Subsidence of the cemented femoral stem was less than 1 mm in 57 cases and less than 2 mm in 2 cases. All cementless femoral stems acquired firm bony union. CONCLUSION: Ceramic-on-ceramic bearing THA using a cemented stem showed clinical results superior to those achieved using a cementless stem. Cemented THA is thought to be good for complementing the problems caused by the hardness of ceramic-on-ceramic bearings.

Vibrio vulnificus Infection Presenting as Septic Arthritis of the Knee: A Case Report / 대한정형외과학회잡지

Vibrio vulnificus is a fatal marine Gram-negative bacillus that might cause septicemia, necrotizing cellulites in patients with underlying liver disease or an immunocompromised health status, and is associated with high mortality. It is usually attributed to the ingestion of raw shellfish or traumatic exposure to the marine environment. The clinical manifestation includes fever, chill, hypotension, and skin lesions such as erythematous patch, vesicle, bullae that develop into necrosis and wound infections. We report a case of Vibrio vulnificus septicemia and necrotizing fascitis in a patient who presented with septic arthritis of the knee as the first clinical manifestation.

Early Radiographic Loosening Findings of the Hydrocyapatite-coated Acetabular Cup

Purpose: The purpose of our study is to examine early radiographic findings and clinical signs of failure of the microstructure surface HA-coated acetabular cup. Material and methods: This study included 41 revisions of 204 THA with hydroxyapatite-coated acetabular cup from April 1992 to November 1996. Radiolucent line around cups, change in the cup angle and osteolysis were evaluated in serial radiographs. Acetabular cup was defined as loosening if any movement occurred at the bone and socket interface by manual rotation and extension force intraoperatively or migration of more than 2 mm and change of the cup angle by more than 5 degrees in radiographs. Results: The radiolucent line was observed in 12 of the 41 hips at an average of 55.4 months postoperatively and was most commonly located in zone III. All of the 12 hips showing radiolucent lines were classified as loosening by radiographically in 8 cases and intraoperatively in 4 cases. Radiographic loosening occurred at an average of 28.8 months after the appearance of a radiolucent line. Inguinal pain was noted in 18 of the 19 cases revised for acetabular cup loosening. Conclusion: The most important radiographic finding for the early diagnosis of loosening was progressive radiolucent lines, which occurred most frequently in zone 3.

Intrapelvic Mass with Calcific Density Wall after Total Hip Arthroplasty : A Report of Two Cases / 대한정형외과학회잡지

We experienced two cases of asymptomatic intrapelvic masses with calcific density walls in failed cementless total hip arthroplasties. The intrapelvic masses communicated with the hip joint along the screw in one case and a medial wall defect in the other case. Instead of excision, the masses were drained and the failed components were revised. Two years after revision arthroplasties, the intrapelvic masses have not increased in size; and there was a thick calcific density wall in the second case. We conclude that the excision of an intrapelvic mass is not always mandatory when it is symptomless.