HIV-1 Subtype Diversity and Factors Affecting Drug Resistance among Patients with Virologic Failure in Antiretroviral Therapy in Hainan Province, China, 2014-2020 / 生物医学与环境科学（英文）

OBJECTIVE@#This study aimed to determine the HIV-1 subtype distribution and HIV drug resistance (HIVDR) in patients with ART failure from 2014 to 2020 in Hainan, China.@*METHODS@#A 7-year cross-sectional study was conducted among HIV/AIDS patients with ART failure in Hainan. We used online subtyping tools and the maximum likelihood phylogenetic tree to confirm the HIV subtypes with pol sequences. Drug resistance mutations (DRMs) were analyzed using the Stanford University HIV Drug Resistance Database.@*RESULTS@#A total of 307 HIV-infected patients with ART failure were included, and 241 available pol sequences were obtained. Among 241 patients, CRF01_AE accounted for 68.88%, followed by CRF07_BC (17.00%) and eight other subtypes (14.12%). The overall prevalence of HIVDR was 61.41%, and the HIVDR against non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs), nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs), and protease inhibitors (PIs) were 59.75%, 45.64%, and 2.49%, respectively. Unemployed patients, hypoimmunity or opportunistic infections in individuals, and samples from 2017 to 2020 increased the odd ratios of HIVDR. Also, HIVDR was less likely to affect female patients. The common DRMs to NNRTIs were K103N (21.99%) and Y181C (20.33%), and M184V (28.21%) and K65R (19.09%) were the main DRMs against NRTIs.@*CONCLUSION@#The present study highlights the HIV-1 subtype diversity in Hainan and the importance of HIVDR surveillance over a long period.

Development of the high resolution melting method for genotyping CYP2C9*3 (1075A/C, rs1057910) and VKORC1 (-1639A/G, rs9923231) / 中华心血管病杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To establish the high-resolution melting curve (HRM) approach for genotyping CYP2C9*3 (1075A/C, rs1057910) and VKORC1 (-1639A/G, rs9923231) and explore its value on estimation of the Warfarin initial dose in comparison with various traditional genotyping methods.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>CYP2C9*3 (1075A/C, rs1057910) and VKORC1 (-1639A/G, rs9923231) genotyping was detected in 100 patients receiving Warfarin therapy by the newly developed HRM method and traditional genotyping methods including PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP), TaqMan probe and DNA sequencing.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The results of the genotypes obtained from above mentioned methods to detect CYP2C9*3 (1075A/C, rs1057910) and VKORC1 (-1639A/G, rs9923231) were similar and consistent. The HRM method is simpler, more economical, and faster compared to the traditional methods. The frequencies of the VKORC1-1639 AA, AG, GG genotypes from these 100 clinical samples were 73 (73%), 23 (23%), 4 (4%), respectively; Frequencies of the CYP2C9 1075 AA, AC, CC genotypes were 94(94%), 6 cases (6%), 0, respectively.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>HRM approach can effectively detect CYP2C9*3 (1075A/C, rs1057910) and VKORC1 (-1639A/G, rs9923231) polymorphisms and this method is simpler, more economical, and faster compared to the traditional methods for detecting CYP2C9*3 (1075A/C, rs1057910) and VKORC1 (-1639A/G, rs9923231) polymorphisms.</p>

Relationship between EPHX2 gene polymorphism and essential hypertension in Kazaks and Hans in Xinjiang / 中华心血管病杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the association between rs751141 gene polymorphisms in EPHX2 gene and essential hypertension in Kazak and Han in Xinjiang.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A total of 267 essential hypertensive patients in Kazaks, 368 essential hypertensive patients in Hans, 284 normotensive controls in Kazaks and 348 normotensive controls in Hans were enrolled in this study. TaqMan assay was used to detect the rs751141 G/A gene polymorphisms of EPHX2 gene.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The rs751141 G/A genotype frequencies for GA + AA genotypes was 40.2 percent in essential hypertensive subjects and 52.0 percent in control subjects in Hans, respectively. The genotype frequencies were significant difference between the two groups in Hans in Xinjiang (P < 0.01). The rs751141G/A gene polymorphism had no significant difference between essential hypertensive patients and normotensive controls in Kazaks in Xinjiang (P > 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The essential hypertension in Kazaks in Xinjiang is not associated with rs751141G/A gene polymorphism of EPHX2 gene, but the essential hypertension in Hans in Xinjiang is associated with rs751141G/A allele gene polymorphism of EPHX2 gene. A type of rs751141 allele gene polymorphism may be the independent protective factor of essential hypertension in Hans in Xinjiang.</p>

Treatment of lumbar disk herniation with MRI guidance injection of oxygen-ozone / 中华放射学杂志

Objective To evaluate the applied value of percutaneous oxygen-ozone injection in the treatment of lumbar disc herniation under open 0.23 T MRI guidance.Methods Mounted with ipath 200 optical tracking system,MR-guided injection of oxygen-ozone were performed via a medial border of the articular processes approach in 73 patients with clinically diagnosed LDH.MR compatible 19.5G or 21.0 G biopsy needle was used. Discography was performed in order to select indication before injection oxygen- ozone into nucleus pulposus in 26 patients.Sixty-four patients were injected to three sites:(1)Six to 10 ml oxygen-ozone was injected into discs centers,injected and suctioned alternately in order to make nucleus pulposus oxidation thoroughly.(2)The needle was withdrawn according to the scale of biopsy needle and optical tracking.Then,10 ml oxygen-ozone was injected into disc herniation. (3)After that,needle was withdrawn further about 1.0—1.5 cm to outside of annulus fibrosus.Fifteen to 20 ml oxygen-ozone was injected into intervertebral foramina around nerve roots.The oxygen-ozone concentration was 35—45?g/ml. Nine patients were only performed injection of oxygen-ozone into around nerve root,while not injection oxygen-ozone to nucleus pulposus for considering bad curative effect after discography.Results All of 73 patients were successfully local targeted and treated under MRI guidance without serious complications, such as nerve root injury.After 3—6 months follow-up,total overall efficacy was 91.3% with the excellent in 28,good in 39,and poor in 6,respectively.Conclusion Open MR-guided injection of oxygen-ozone, mounted with optical tracking system,is a safe and effective minimally invasive therapy for treating LDH.