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Spasticity is one of the major complications after spinal cord injury. According to statistics, 70% of patients with spinal cord injury are accompanied by spasticity in different degrees. It not only affects the ability of patients in daily life, changes lifestyle, and reduces the quality of life, but also is a major factor restricting the recovery of motor function in patients with spinal cord injury. Therefore, the development and clinical application of novel, safe and effective antispasmodic therapy is very important. At present, transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) is widely used in clinical practice. By enhancing the excitement of the central nervous system, it has become an alternative treatment for patients with spasticity caused by spinal cord injury. This paper mainly reviews the research status of TMS, Theta rhythm stimulation in spasticity of spinal cord injury and the possible mechanism of repetitive TMS treatment.
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@#ObjectiveTo explore the changes of serum high sensitive C-reaction protein (HS-CRP) and matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and their effects in nursing.Methods103 ACS patients, including 56 cases of unstable angina (UA)) and 47 cases of acute myocardial infarction (AMI), and other 40 persons (no abnormal results in coronary artery angiography, selected as control group) were examined for serum levels of HS-CRP and MMP-9. The difference among the groups was analyzed.ResultsThe HS-CRP levels of UA group, AMI group and control group were (3.87± 0.76 )g/L, (4.12 ±0.67)g/L and (1.67±0.38)g/L respectively; MMP-9 were (113.25±7.76)ng/ml, (193.09±25.87)ng/ml and (42.05±3.81)ng/ml respectively. The concentrations of HS-CRP and MMP-9 of ACS patients were significatly higher than those of the control group (P<0.01).ConclusionThe changes of HS-CRP and MMP-9 concentrations of ACS patients are remarkable, and may be as the markers to instruct nursing works.
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@#ObjectiveTo investigate the effect of hyperlipidemia on monophasic action potential and calcium current of heart in rabbits.Methods24 rabbits were divided into the high cholesterol group (n=12) and control group (n=12) and fed with high cholesterol forage and standard forage respectively for 10 weeks. Electrocardiograph, ventricular fibrillation threshold and the level of serum lipid were examined. Whole-cell patch clamp technique was used to record I_ Ca-L.ResultsIn high cholesterol group, the serum cholesterol level was higher than the control group ( P<0.01), ventricular fibrillation threshold (10.2±1.7 V) lower than that of the control group (13.9±1.3 V)( P<0.05), MAPD90 displayed more significant rate-dependent prolongation. At cycle lengths of 1500 ms, MAPD90 was 358±18 ms in the high cholesterol group, while it was 277±20 ms in the control group. The densities of ICa-L were larger in the high cholesterol group (14.7±0.8 pA/pF) than that in the control group (10.9±1.1 pA/pF)( P<0.01).ConclusionHypercholesterolemia can produce cardiac electrical remodeling, including increased ICa-L, prolonged repolarization and decreased ventricular fibrillation thresholds.
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@#ObjectiveTo investigate the effects of imidapril on the transmural dispersion of repolarization of the noninfarcted myocardium of rabbits after myocardial infarction. MethodsRabbits with left coronary artery ligation were prepared and allowed to recover for 8 weeks. Monophasic action potentials of three layers myocardium in the noninfarcted myocardium in vivo were recorded. Myocytes were isolated from subendocardial, midmyocardial and subepicardial regions of the noninfarcted left ventricular wall and action potentials were recorded using whole-cell patch clamp technique. ResultsCompared with sham group, the monophasic action potential duration (MAPD90) of three layers myocardium were all prolonged. Prolongation of MAPD_ 90 of midmyocardial cell was the most striking and ventricular fibrillation threshold (VFT) was decreased. After treatment with imidapril, the transmural dispersion of repolarization (TDR) decreased and the VFT enhanced. ConclusionImidapril reduced the transmural dispersion of repolarization of noninfarcted area in rabbits after myocardial infarction, which may contribute to its antiarrhythmic efficacy.