Comparison of evaluation system for clinical value of antineoplastic agents at home and abroad / 中国药房

OBJECTI VE To introduce the evaluation system for clinical value of antineoplastic agents at home and abroad ，and to provide reference for continuous improvement of clinical value-oriented antineoplastic agents development and research guideline in China. METHODS The suggestions were put forward to improve the evaluation system for clinical value of antineoplastic agents in China by consulting the relevant data of evaluation system for clinical value of antineoplastic agents at home and abroad and domestic antineoplastic agents R&D and management policies ，sort outing and analyzing comparatively their dimensions ， perspectives，target audiences ，application scope ，advantages and disadvantages. RESULTS & CONCLUSIONS Seven foreign value evaluation systems （value assessment framework of American Society of Clinical Oncology ，clinical benefit scale of European Society of Clinical Oncology ，value evaluation framework of American Institute of Clinical and Economic Evaluation ， etc.）had their own characteristics and unique advantages under different settings ；several value evaluation systems differed in the criteria for defining value ，depending on the perspective and population they focus on. The value dimensions were constantly changing dynamically in response to scientific values and social needs ，including not only safety ，efficacy and cost-effectiveness ， but also innovation ，fairness，quality of life attributes. Some evaluation systems adopted value assessment tools that followed the trend of the information age in the presentation form and assessment mode ，which promoted shared decision-making between doctors and patients. Combining the characteristics of foreign value evaluation system and the current situation of development and application of antineoplastic agents in China ，we can have a deeper understanding of drug efficacy ，safety，quality of life ，research and development cost and pricing in the future. Antineoplastic 2021-10-28） agents will have a more reasonable position to solve the unmet needs of patients from the perspectives of drug research and development， clinical application ， drug accessibility and fairness.

Traditional Interpretation of Modern Medicine: An Effective Approach for Promoting Traditional Chinese Medicine Development / 世界科学技术-中医药现代化

In the long course of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) development history,generations of physicians in their long-term medical practice,have paid attention to assimilate and apply new technology and new theory,constantly enrich and perfect the medical technologies,methods and theory systems.It is particularly important to promote the innovation of TCM theory and guide the clinical application of TCM through the learning and absorption of advantages from modern technologies and biomedicine to transform as part of TCM,and then,to expatiate with TCM language.It is especially important in the promotion of TCM theory innovation and clinical guidance of TCM practice.This paper overviewed the common points between TCM and modern medicine from the aspects of balance and steady state of organism,zangfu-organ relationship,etiology and pathogenesis,syndrome differentiation methods,compatibility of Chinese herbal medicine and formula,medicinal properties and pharmacology,etc.The feasibility of applying modern medicine in the interpretation of TCM and its development prospects was expatiated.It provided new ideas and new methods in TCM development.

Network Pharmacological Analysis of Yi-Guan Decoction on "Different Diseases with Same Treatment" / 世界科学技术-中医药现代化

This study was aimed to predict active compounds,drug targets and potential diseases of Yi-Guan decoction (YGD) by network pharmacological technology,and to clarify molecular mechanisms of YGD efficiency on different diseases with liver and kidney yin deficiency syndrome (LKYDS).Chemistry compounds,targets and related diseases from YGD were collected from TCMSP,TCM Database@Taiwan,TCMID,HIT,Drugbank,PubChem and TTD databases.The YGD compounds-targets-diseases network was constructed.The network topology was analyzed by Cytoscape software.The analysis of GO biological processes and KEGG pathways enrichment were performed by DAVID website.The results showed that 849 chemical compounds were identified from Beishashen,Maidong,Danggui,Shengdihuang,Chuanlianzi and Gouqizi.There were 49 active CHM compounds that were both oral bioavailability (OB) ≥ 30％ and drug-likeness (DL) ≥ 0.18,corresponding to 200 target proteins and 264 diseases.The top three GO biological processes were response to organic substance,regulation of cell proliferation,and response to endogenous stimulus,respectively.The top three KEGG pathways were pathways in cancer,hepatitis B,and prostate cancer,respectively.It was concluded that the analysis on YGD was conducted based on network pharmacology,and the compound-target-disease network was built,which may help to clarify the mechanisms of YGD efficiency on different diseases with LKYDS.It can provide clues to find new potential clinical adaptation of disease and new drugs.

Discussion on Chinese Medicines’Patent Application and Eligibility in the United States / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE:To provide reference for the approval of Chinese medicines’patent application in the United States. METHODS:The requirements of patent eligibility in the United States were interpreted;two important patent cases(“Mayo case”and“Myriad case”)were analyzed in recent years,and the effects of“patent eligibility guideline”on Chinese medicines’patent ap-plication in the United States were also analyzed;the suggestions were put forward according to the situation of Chinese medicines’ patent application. RESULTS & CONCLUSIONS:Patent eligibility required that patent protection objects should be included in ob-ject range which could be vested patent right stated in patent law. The analysis of“Mayo case”“Myriad case”and patent eligibility guideline indicated that if related Chinese medicines’patent was to obtain patent approval in the United States,notable difference between the medicine and natural products as well as the order of nature must be clearly stated;technical attributes should be em-phasized,and different patent application ideas were adopted for different types of invention in order to guarantee patent eligibility. At present,small number of Chinese medicine’s patent in the United States come from China,and relevant enterprises should liber-ate themselves from the misperception that Chinese medicines do not hold patent eligibility. Hence,it is suggest that the first claim in the patent should not be too definite in Chinese medicines’patent application,afford more comprehensive application,strength-en patent protection of classic Chinese medicine recipe and stress patent eligibility.

Analysis on layout of traditional Chinese medicine industry based on location quotient / 中国中药杂志

To observe the layout and evolution of the traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) medical industry, classify the industry by region and conduct a preliminary study on its professional advantages, competitiveness and possible cause by using the theory of location quotient in regional economics, in order to provide suggestions for the layout of the TCM medical industry.

Analysis of Hospital's Non-price Competition in China and Possible Solutions / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE: To discuss the advantages and disadvantages of the non-price competition in Chinese hospital market and suggest some solutions. METHODS: Using the competition theory in health economics to analyze the situation in China and the advantages and disadvantages of the price competition as well as the causes accountable for the disadvantages. RESULTS & CONCLUSIONS: The government is suggested to understand the comparative (dis)advantages brought about by non-price competition and take possible solutions such as to clarify the role of market mechanism in regulating hospital performance, establish effective supervision system and referral system, and rationalize the income of physicians etc.

Statistics of International Market Share of Chinese Materia Medica and Differentiated Analysis on the Correlated Concepts / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE: To probe into the actual market share of Chinese materia medica in the international market. METHODS: The terms of Chinese materia medica, herbal medicine, kampo medicine and natural medicine were defined by reviewing a large quantity of literature written domestically and abroad. The origins of the invariably referred 3% share of Chinese materia medica in the international market were investigated and which were compared with data, indexes and concepts related to Chinese materia medica exporting. Meanwhile, calculation of the actual market share was carried out. RESULTS & CONCLUSIONS:The exporting of Chinese materia medica accounted for 7% of the global trade volume of natural drugs, 3.2% of the global sales volume of the natural drugs. While the trade volume of Chinese materia medica accounted for 9.4% of the global trade volume of natural drugs. Chinese materia medica, herbal medicine, kampo medicine and some traditional medicines all belong to the category of natural medicine,the statistics of international market share of Chinese materia medica should be based on natural medicine.