Microtubule abnormalities in the pathogenesis of cardiomyopathy / 国际儿科学杂志

Microtubules are dynamic hollow tubes mainly found in the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells.Tubulin heterodimers,the basic structures of microtubules,are assembled by α/β-tubulin subunits from head-to-tail and spirally.Microtubules are cytoskeletal structures that play an essential role in maintaining cell physiological function,including cell shape maintaining,intracellular transport,formation of mitotic spindle,modulating cell polarity,formation of flagellum and so forth.Moreover,the stability of microtubule structure is modulated by tubulin modifications and microtubule-associated proteins,and the dynamic modulation plays a fundamental role in myocardial hypertrophy,Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD)and diabetic cardiomyopathy.However,the molecular mechanism of microtubule in the pathogenesis of cardiomyopathy remains unclear.Here,the latest research and the molecular mechanism are reviewed.

Association of serum levels of matrix metalloproteinase-12 and a functional polymorphism in the promoter-82A/G of the matrix metaiioproteinase-12 gene with acute atherosclerotic cerebral infarction / 中华神经科杂志

Objective To investigate the association of serum levels of matrix metalloproteinase-12 (MMP-12) and a functional polymorphism in the promoter - 82A/G of the MMP-12 gene with acute atherosclerotic cerebral infarction (ACI).Methods All 608 cascs of acute ACI and 374 healthy controls were included in the study.Serum levels of MMP-12 were measured using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). At the same time,polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) was performed on the - 82A/G polymorphism in the MMP-12 gene.Results The serum levels of MMP-12 in ACI group (( 17.36 ± 9.12) ng/ml) were not significantly higher than those in the healthy control group ( ( 17.42 ± 7.70) ng/ml,t ＝ 0.047,P =0.962).The frequency of the AG + GG genotypes was not significantly different between the two groups (7.6％ vs 5.9％,x2 =0.281,P =0.584),and the frequencies of the G allele were 3.8％ and 2.9％ in the ACI group and the control group respectively which were also not significantly different between the two groups ( x2 =0.746,P =0.374).Conclusion There is no correlation between serum level with genetic polymorphism in MMP-12 promoter (-82A/G) and cerebral infarction.

Relationship between matrix metalloproteinase-9 polymorphism and acute cerebral infarction / 中华神经科杂志

Objective To investigate the relationship between acute cerebral infarction(CI)and matrix metalloproteinase-9(MMP-9)serum level and polymorphism(C-1562T)in Han population.Methods One hundred and one patients with acute CI from the department of neurology of Taizhou Hospital were included and 114 healthy persons were selected from physical examination as the control group.Serum MMP-9 level was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA).At the same time.genotype was determined by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism(PCR-RFLP)for the common C-1562T functional promoter polymorphism of the MMP-9 gene.The serum MMP-9 level and genotype frequencies of the MMP-9 gene between the patients and the control group were analyzed.Results The genotype frequencies of the MMP-9 gene C-1562T polymorphism of the two groups were in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium.The results of individual polymorphisms analysis showed that the frequencies of CT and TT genotypes in the C-1562T polyporphismin were of no significant difference between the patients group with CI(13.9%)and the control group(13.2%).The frequencies of-1562T allele was of no statistical difference between the CI group(6.9%)and the control group(7.5%).But serum levels of MMP-9 in CI patients group((138.9±121.8)ng/ml)were significantly higher than in the control group((18.4±4.6)ng/ml,t=9.93,P=0.00).Conclusions Serum level of MMP-9 obviously is increased after ischemic stroke in 48 hours.But genetic polymorphism in MMP-9 promoter(C-1562T)has no definite relationship with MMP-9 genetic expression and CI in the Han population of China.Therefore,the relationship between genetic polymorphism in MMP-9 promoter(C-1562T)and ischemic stroke needs further investigation.

Effect of Leech Capsule on stability of carotid plaque and expression of platelet membrane glycoprotein / 中华中医药杂志

Objective:To investigate the effect ofLeech Capsule on stability ofcarotid plaque and expression ofplatelet membrane glycoprotein in patients with cerebral arteriosclerosis.Methods:203 patients with cerebral arteriosclerosis which with unstable carotid plaque were divided into two groups.There were 101 patients in observation group which were treated by conventional therapy and Leech Capsule, and 102 patients in control group which were treated only by conventional therapy.Then comparison analysis ofIMT, plaque area, unstable plaque number and positive rates ofPAC-1 and CD62P were made before and after treatment with two groups.Results:After treatment, the IMT, plaque area, unstable plaque number and positive rates ofPAC-1 and CD62P in observation group were significantly lesser than those in control group.In observation group, all parameters after treatment were significantly lesser than those before treatment, but in control group there were no significant difference in IMT and positive rates ofCD62P between after treatment and before treatment.In addition, there were no obvious adverse reactions after treatment by leech capsule.Conclusion:Leech Capsule was an effective drug for stabilizing carotid plaque and depressing the level ofplatelet activation, and it had few adverse reaction.It was worth further spreading.