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Objective:To study the feasibility of transplantation of normal rat penile corpus cavernosum and major pelvic ganglion (MPG)into the renal subserous region of a Nu /Nu mouse based on allograft technology.Methods:Penile corpus cavernosum and MPG,harvested from Sprague-Dawley (SD)rats under sterile condition,were transplanted underneath the kidney capsule of Nu /Nu mice through the mi-crosurgery instruments and surgery microscope.The histopathologic changes and cellular proliferation in the transplanted penile corpus cavernosum and MPG were then analyzed at the end of 1week and 4 weeks after transplantation.Histological staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to evaluate the main outcome measures.Results:After 1 week,the tissue morphology of the transplanted corpus caverno-sum underneath the kidney capsule of Nu /Nu mice was consistent with normal penile corpus cavernosum, and blood could be observed in the penis cavernous sinus of the graft;after 4 weeks,the mophorlogy of the tranplanted corpus cavernosum near the kidney was consistent with normal penile corpus cavernosum, while fibrosis was noteworthy in the graft away from the kidney,but blood could still be seen in the penis cavernous sinus.After 1 week,the tissue morphology of the transplanted MPG was consistent with normal MPG,multiple islet-like cell clusters could be seen in the transplanted MPG in the renal subserous re-gion,and angiogenesis could be observed near the kidney;after 4 weeks,a network of blood vessels was clearly visible away from the kidney,and islet-like cell clusters were still clearly observed in the trans-planted MPG.In addition,ki67 positive cells were observed in the transplanted penile corpus cavernosum and MPG after 4 weeks of transplantation,which indicated that there was still cell proliferation activity in the grafts.Conclusion:The transplanted corpus cavernosum and MPG underneath the kidney capsule of Nu /Nu mice could survive at least 4 weeks.Moreover,the inner structure of the transplanted corpus ca-vernosum and MPG was close to the normal tissue.The underlining mechanism may be related to the lo-cal microenvironment underneath the kidney capsule of Nu /Nu mice and the neovascularization in the transplanted grafts.
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Objective To explore the effects of alanyl-glutamine (Ala-Gln) dipeptide supplemented parenteral nutrition (PN) on the short-term outcomes in critically ill adult patients.Methods In this retrospective study,we reviewed the clinical data of critically ill adult patients who were treated by standard PN from January 2006 to December 2011.The length of stay in intensive care unit (ICU-LOS),incidences of infections and multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS),and mortality were compared between the group of Ala-Gln dipeptide supplemented PN (intervention group) and the group of PN without Ala-Gln dipeptide (control group).Results Finially,617 cases were enrolled in the study,including 312 cases in the control group and 305 cases in the intervention group.The ICU-LOS was significantly shorter in the intervention group than that in the control group [(17.2 ± 6.5) d vs.(16.1 ± 5.3) d,P =0.011).Compared with the control group,the incidences of infection (42.9％ vs.33.1％,P =0.011) and MODS (46.5％ vs.38.0％,P =0.030) and the mortality (34.9％vs.25.9％,P =0.014) in the intervention group patients were significantly lower.Conclusion Ala-Gln dipeptide supplemented PN can improve the short-term outcomes of critically ill adult patients.
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Objective To explore the impacts of different nutrition support methods on short-term outcome in critically ill adult patients. Methods We retrospectively reviewed the clinical data of 1503 critically ill adult patients who needed nutrition support in an mixed intensive care unit (ICU) of a tertiary care university hospital from January 1994 to December 2009. The complication of nutrition support, length of stay (LOS) in ICU, morbidity of infection and multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS), and mortality among different nutrition support methods were compared. Results The Nutritional Risk Screening (NRS) scores of the enrolled patients were no less than 3. LOS in early enteral nutrition (EN) patients were significantly shorter than those in not-early EN patients (P ＜ 0. 001) and parenteral nutrition (PN) patients (both P ＜ 0. 001). Infection rate (P ＜ 0. 001),morbidity of MODS (P ＜ 0. 001) and mortality (P ＜ 0. 001) were significantly lower than those in not-early EN and PN patients. LOS of patients receiving PN rich in glutamine (Gln) was significantly shorter than that in conventional formula (P = 0. 0000). Morbidity of infection (P= 0. 0252) and MODS (P = 0. 0030), mortality (P =0. 0305) were significantly lower than that of conventional patients. LOS of patients receiving intensive insulin therapy (IIT) was significantly shorter than that of controlled group (P = 0. 0000). Morbidity of infection (P =0. 0001) and MODS (P = 0. 0237) and mortality (P =0. 0427) were significandy lower than those of controlled group. Conclusions Nutritional risk is prevalent among critically ill adult patients. Early EN, PN of rich in Gln,and receiving IIT can shorten LOS, decrease morbidity of infection and MODS, and improve prognosis among these patients.
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Objective To study the resuscitation effect of cavum ossis infusion of hypertonic saline solution on hemorrhagic shock canine,and investigate the corresponding internal microenvironment changes.Methods Eighteen healthy Wiggers dogs weighed 16-19kg were adopted in present study and assigned into three groups(6 each): group HSH,group NS and group Sham.Hemorrhagic shock canine model was established.Dogs in HSH group received a rapid cavum ossis infusion with 7.5% hypertonic resuscitation solution(sodium chloride + 6% hydroxyethyl starch),and the dogs in group NS was only given 7.5% sodium chloride solution,while the dogs in Sham group were treated by general anaesthesia,assisted respiration with breathing machine and without bleeding and transfusion.Changes of central venous pressure(CVP),mean arterial pressure(MAP),intramedullary pressure(IMP),and the levels of blood lactate and sodium were monitored during the resuscitation phase.Results During hemorrhagic shock stage,the haemodynamic parameters MAP,CVP and IMP in groups HSH and NS decreased significantly,while blood lactate significantly increased at each time point as compared with that in group Sham(P0.05).The lactate level during resuscitation phase in group HSH decreased significantly as compared with that during hemorrhagic shock stage(P