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Objective@#To investigate the current situation of obesity and related metabolic abnormalities among preschool children, so as to provide theoretical support for future intervention.@*Methods@#A cohort of 3 952 children, born in Tianjin and enrolled in the kindergarten from September 2017 to October 2018, were selected to conduct a baseline survey and a three-year follow-up (questionnaire survey, physical examination and laboratory testing). At the same time, a two-way cohort study was conducted to retrospectively collect maternal prenatal examination, delivery and regular physical examination information of children from birth to preschool age from Tianjin Maternal and Child Health Information System.@*Results@#A total of 3 935, 3 654 and 2 739 children completed the follow up in the primary, middle and senior classes of kindergarten respectively. The height and weight of pre-school children increased with age, while the percentage of body fat decreased with age ( β-trend =-0.74, P <0.01). During three-year follow up, height, weight and body mass index of boys were higher than girls (P<0.05), while the percentage of body fat was lower than girls (primary class: 17.5%,18.5%; middle class: 16.4%,17.2%; senior class: 16.1%,17.1%, P <0.05). The detection rate of overweight (including obesity) and obesity increased with age( χ 2 trend were 15.51,38.72, P <0.05). The total detection rate of obesity increased from 5.4% at the baseline level to 9.6%. Laboratory test results showed that the detection rates of fasting blood glucose of boys were higher than that of girls in primary class, but blood lipid abnormalities were in the opposite (glucose: 7.7%, 4.8 %; lipid: 23.8% , 27.7%)( χ 2=12.01, 6.63, P <0.05).@*Conclusion@#The study has established a large growth cohort starting from the early embryonic stage, which will help to establish the strategies to promote children s health and prevent obesity and chronic diseases from multidimensional perspectives.
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Background/Aims@#Chemoresistance is a common event after cancer chemotherapy, which is associated with the deregulation of circular RNAs (circRNAs). The objective of this study was to clarify the role of circ-LDLRAD3 in cisplatin (DDP)-resistant gastric cancer (GC). @*Methods@#The expression of circ-LDLRAD3, miR-588, and SRY-box transcription factor 5 (SOX5) mRNA was detected by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. Cell viability and the half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC 50 ) value were measured by CCK8 assay. Cell proliferation was assessed by colony formation and EdU assays. Cell apoptosis and cell invasion were assessed by flow cytometry assay and transwell assay, respectively. The expression of SOX5 protein was detected by Western blotting. A xenograft model was established to verify the role of circ-LDLRAD3 in vivo. Exosomes were isolated by differential centrifugation and identified by transmission electron microscopy and the expression of exosome-related proteins. @*Results@#circ-LDLRAD3 was overexpressed in DDP-resistant GC tissues and cells. circ-LDL-RAD3 knockdown decreased the IC 50 of DDP-resistant cells and suppressed cell proliferation, survival and invasion. miR-588 was a target of circ-LDLRAD3, and miR-588 inhibition attenuated the inhibition of DDP resistance, proliferation, survival and invasion in DDP-resistant GC cells caused by circ-LDLRAD3 knockdown. SOX5 was a target of miR-588, and the inhibition of the DDP resistance, proliferation, survival and invasion of DDP-resistant GC cells by miR-588 restoration was largely rescued SOX5 overexpression. circ-LDLRAD3 knockdown inhibited DDP resistance and tumor growth in vivo. circ-LDLRAD3 was overexpressed in exosomes isolated from DDP-resistant GC cells. @*Conclusions@#circ-LDLRAD3 knockdown reduced DDP resistance and blocked the malignant development of DDP-resistant GC by modulating the miR-588/SOX5 pathway.
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Background The presence of formaldehyde, ammonia, benzene, toluene, and xylene in indoor air of public places has been confirmed to cause health damage. The employees of barber and beauty shops are exposed to relatively enclosed space for a long time, and could surfer more serious health risks from indoor air chemical pollutants. Objective To analyze the concentrations of common indoor air chemical pollutants in barber shops and beauty salons in Liaocheng City, and explore potential health risks of the pollutants for employees. Methods Using a stratified randomized sampling method, 8 to 10 barber shops and 5 to 10 beauty salons were selected in the main urban area of Liaocheng City to conduct monitoring of the sanitary conditions of public places in winter and summer every year from 2016 to 2021; the indoor air concentrations of formaldehyde, ammonia, benzene, toluene, and xylene in the selected sites were measured, and a questionnaire survey was conducted to collect exposure characteristics of indoor pollutants. The concentration distributions of the five chemical pollutants were obtained from the monitoring data for 6 consecutive years, and the health risk assessment model recommended by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency was used to perform health risk assessment of inhalation exposure. Results In 2016–2021, the median indoor air concentrations of formaldehyde, ammonia, benzene, toluene, and xylene in the two types of sites were lower than the limits of Hygienic Indicators and Limits for Public Places (GB 37488-2019), but the concentrations of some monitoring sites were higher than the limits. The disqualification rates of the five pollutants in the barber shops were 16.8%, 2.7%, 2.4%, 6.4%, and 12.0%, respectively. The disqualification rate of formaldehyde was the highest in all pollutants (22.0%), while the disqualification rates of ammonia, toluene, and xylene were 1.3%, 2.0%, and 2.0% in beauty salons respectively. Both formaldehyde and benzene were found to have carcinogenic risks (CR) in the two types of public places. Both median values of CR were greater than 1.0×10−6, and both maximum values were greater than 1.0×10−4. Formaldehyde had the highest non-carcinogenic risk in the indoor air of barber shops and beauty salons. The median non-carcinogenic hazard quotients (HQ) of formaldehyde were both greater than 1, and the maximum values were 16.72 and 12.19 times of the standard value; ammonia and toluene had the lowest non-carcinogenic risks, and their maximum values of HQ were less than 1; the median HQs of benzene and xylene were far less than 1, but their maximum risk values of barber shop were greater than 1. Conclusion For the sake of worker's health, formaldehyde and benzene should be the indoor air pollutant control priority for barber shops and beauty salons in Liaocheng; formaldehyde poses the most serious health hazard to practitioners and should be given high attention and necessary measures to reduce the hazard; benzene poses certain carcinogenic risks, with some of its highest values exceeding 10−4, which is higher than the recommended safety threshold.
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Background A number of studies have shown that heavy metals in atmospheric PM2.5 have impacts on human health, while studies on the impact of long-term and low-concentration exposure to lead in PM2.5 on human health are limited. Objective To investigate the pollution characteristics of lead in ambient PM2.5 and assess its chronic health risks. Methods Daily PM2.5 concentration data in Jinan from 2014 to 2019 were collected, and the year-by-year trend of PM2.5 concentration was analyzed. Licheng District (an industrial area) and Shizhong District (a residential area) were elected to install an ambient PM2.5 monitoring stationrespectively. The sampling instrument was a 100 L·min−1 high-flow PM2.5 sampler, with a cumulative sampling time of 20-24 h per day, using a quartz fiber filter membrane for lead detection and a glass fiber filter membrane for PM2.5 determination. The sampling frequency was 7 consecutive days per month from the 10th to the 16th (A total of 493 d were sampled and some were missing; 172 d during the heating period and 321 d during the non-heating period). Two PM2.5 samples were collected in one monitoring site each day. A total of 986 samples were collected in one monitoring site. The lead content in PM2.5 samples was detected by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. The concentration of PM2.5 was measured by weighing method. The annual average concentration and enrichment factor of lead in PM2.5, the change trend of lead content per unit mass of PM2.5, and the difference between heating period and non-heating period from 2014 to 2019 were estimated. Technical guide for environment health risk assessment of chemical exposure (WS/T 777-2021) was used to assess the health risks of exposure to lead in PM2.5. Results The average annual concentration of lead in PM2.5 ranged from 23.2 ng·m−3 to 154.7 ng·m−3. The average concentration in heating period from 2015 to 2019 was higher than that in non-heating period, and the differences in 2015, 2017, and 2019 were statistically significant (P < 0.01 or 0.001). The enrichment factors ranged from 200 to 1342 in 2014 to 2019. The average enrichment factors in heating period in 2015, 2017, and 2018 was higher than those in non-heating period, and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05 or 0.001). The lead contents per unit mass of PM2.5 ranged from 493 ng·mg−1 to 1944 ng·mg−1, and the differences between heating period and non-heating period in 2014, 2017, and 2018 were statistically significant (P < 0.05 or 0.001). The average annual concentration and enrichment factor of lead in PM2.5 showed a downward trend, and thus the lead content per unit mass of PM2.5 also decreased. From 2014 to 2019, the carcinogenic risk of lead in PM2.5 in Jinan ranged from 1.69×10−8 to 2.45×10−6, showing a significant downward trend year by year, and the 95th percentile decreased by 3%-46% from the previous year. The carcinogenic risk level of lead was reduced to an acceptable level (<1×10−6) after 2017. Conclusion From 2015 to 2019, lead concentration and enrichment factor in PM2.5 increase during heating period compared with non-heating period, but it is not completely consistent of lead content in PM2.5 per unit mass. From 2014 to 2016, exposure to lead in PM2.5 may elevate carcinogenic risk to human. After 2017, the carcinogenic risks of exposure to lead in PM2.5 are at an acceptable level.
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Objective:To investigate the current situation of early postoperative pain beliefs in patients with mixed hemorrhoids and its influencing factors, and to provide a basis for formulating targeted intervention measures.Methods:Totally 242 postoperative patients with mixed hemorrhoids who were treated in Guilin Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine were selected by convenience sampling method from January 2020 to January 2021 as the research object. The general information questionnaire, Pain Belief and Perception Scale, Visual Analogue Scale, Positive and Negative Emotion Scale were used to investigate. Multiple linear regression was used to analyze the factors influencing of early postoperative pain beliefs in patients with mixed hemorrhoids.Results:The total score of early postoperative pain belief in patients with mixed hemorrhoids was -21-30 (5.32 ± 2.57) points; the results of multiple linear regression analysis showed that age, education level, anal visual analogue score, and negative emotion scores were main factors affecting their pain beliefs ( r=0.736, P<0.05). Conclusions:Patients with mixed hemorrhoids have negative pain beliefs in the early postoperative period. Patients with advanced age, primary/junior high school, high anal pain intensity, and high negative emotion scores are more likely to have negative pain beliefs. Nursing staff should promptly formulate targeted intervention measures according to the main influencing factors in order to reduce the occurrence of negative beliefs about pain.
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Objective:To deeply understand the pain perception and experience of patients after mixed hemorrhoid surgery, so as to provide reference for taking targeted intervention measures to relieve pain symptoms.Methods:Purpose sampling method was used to conduct semi-structured in-depth interviews with 9 patients with postoperative pain of mixed hemorrhoids admitted to Guilin Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine from February to March 2021, and Colaizzi phenomenological analysis method was used to analyze data and refine themes.Results:The pain perception and experience of patients after mixed hemorrhoid surgery can be summarized into 5 themes: fear of pain, persistent negative thinking about pain, perception of inability to cope with pain, emotional expectation, and expectation of Traditional Chinese Medicine nursing techniques.Conclusions:Patients after mixed hemorrhoid surgery have many burdens and needs in terms of pain experience. Medical staff must establish a complete pain management system for patients after mixed hemorrhoid surgery, aiming at the catastrophic pain experience of patients, correcting their cognitive level of pain management, and satisfying patients Alleviate the need for pain, establish an effective emotional and family support system, improve its pain self-management ability, and promote postoperative recovery.
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Objective:To evaluate the use of orbital fat flap combined with free fat for the treatment of the moderately or severe sunken upper eyelid and multiple folded upper eyelids.Methods:From March 2017 to March 2019, orbital fat release and replacement and free abdominal fat transfer graft were adopted to treat 20 patients (1 male, 19 females, aged 20-47 years, with an average age of 29 years) with sunken upper eyelids of multiple folds in Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University Siming Branch.Results:Twenty cases were treated successfully. The swelling gradually disappeared at 3 month postoperatively. Patients were followed up for 3 months to 12 months with sustained aesthetic results; no complications occurred. Free fat graft survived well, and no obvious scar, sags, or crests were present in the upper eyelid.Conclusions:It is a reasonable method for correcting sunken upper eyelid and multiple folds with orbital fat flap and free fat. Survival rate of the free fat is quite high in sunken upper eyelid. It is worth spreading.
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OBJECTIVE: To measure the implicit attitude of nurses towards doctors and analyze its influencing factors. METHODS: A total of 356 nurses were selected as study subjects by convenient sampling method. Their implicit attitude towards doctors was measured by Single Category Implicit Association Test. The related influencing factors were analyzed. RESULTS: The response time of nurses on incompatible tasks was higher than that on compatible tasks [(0.87±0.19) vs(0.76±0.15) s,P<0.01]. The median(M) of D value was 0.34. D value of junior college group was higher than that of undergraduate and above group(M: 0.40 vs 0.27, P<0.01). D value in the nurse group was higher than that in the nurse practitioner group and nurse-in-charge and above group(M: 0.43 vs 0.33, 0.43 vs 0.23, P<0.05). D value of the informal staff group was higher than that of the formal staff group(M: 0.35 vs 0.19, P<0.05). The results of ordered multiple Logistic regression analysis showed that establishment was an independent influencing factor of the implicit attitude of nurses towards doctors(P<0.05), after excluding the influence of confounding factors. CONCLUSION: The implicit attitude of nurses towards doctors is positive and mainly affected by the establishment.
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Cyclic vomiting syndrome is a functional gastrointestinal disorder.In May 2016,Rome Ⅳ criteria of Functional Gastrointestinal Diseases have been published,it is defined as at least twice paroxysmal vomiting within 6 months,with or without retching,each time lasting for hours to days,every patient has a fixed episode,each episode interval can be several weeks to months,and the interictal period can restore the basic health level.The disease with the corresponding clinical manifestaion,laboratory and imaging examination can be diagnosed after appropriate evaluation.At present,the pathogenesis of the disease is still unclear,most of them are treated according to clinical experience,the purpose is to prevent seizures.The review is mainly focused on the research progress of the diagnosis,pathogenesis and treatment progress of cyclical vomiting syndrome.
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Cyclic vomiting syndrome is a functional gastrointestinal disorder.In May 2016, Rome Ⅳ criteria of Functional Gastrointestinal Diseases have been published, it is defined as at least twice paroxysmal vomiting within 6 months, with or without retching, each time lasting for hours to days, every patient has a fixed episode, each episode interval can be several weeks to months, and the interictal period can restore the basic health level.The disease with the corresponding clinical manifestaion, laboratory and imaging examination can be diagnosed after appropriate evaluation.At present, the pathogenesis of the disease is still unclear, most of them are treated according to clinical experience, the purpose is to prevent seizures.The review is mainly focused on the research progress of the diagnosis, pathogenesis and treatment progress of cyclical vomiting syndrome.
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Objective To understand the epidemic status quo and influencing factors of Kashin-Beck disease among children in mountain areas of Jilin Province.Methods Two hundred eighty-two severe endemic areas in 18 counties were selected and stratified by random cluster sampling method,and the status quo of KashinBeck disease prevalence was investigated among 7-12 year-old children according to the Diagnostic Criteria of Kashin-Beck Disease (WS/T 207-2010).In the meantime,the annual household income and the proportion of economic crops replanted,grain out-sourced,and returning farmlands to forests and grass were surveyed in the disease affected areas.Results A total of 14 162 children were investigated who had no clinical symptoms.Among them,28 cases were detected positive using X-ray with a detection rate of 1.98‰,while most of the cases were metaphysis positive.The annual household income (≥5 000 Yuan vs.＜ 5 000 Yuan) in the year 2009-2011 had a significant impact on the incidence of Kashin-Beck disease (1.47‰ vs.3.67‰,x2 =6.179,P ＜ 0.05),while the areas of returning farmland to forests and grass which accounted ＞ 1％ had no significant influence on the incidence compared with that ≤ 1％ (3.30‰ vs.1.57‰,x2 =3.876,P ＞ 0.05);the areas of economic crops replanting which accounted ＞ 10％ had no significant influence on the incidence compared with that ≤ 10％ (3.07‰ vs.1.65‰,x2 =2.565,P ＞ 0.05);the proportion of grain out-sourcing which accounted ＞ 50％ had no significant influence on the incidence compared with that ≤50％ (3.07‰ vs.1.65‰,x2 =2.565,P ＞ 0.05).Conehision Up to 2012,the disease among 7-12 year-old children of the mountain areas of Jilin Province have basically met the standard of Kashin-Beck disease elimination and the situation remains stable;furthermore,the household income has a significant impact on the incidence of Kashin-Beck disease.
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To fill the urgent need of researches on the structure and function of proteins to obtain conformation information, we combined targeted molecular dynamics ( TMD) simulation with protein network methods to analyze conformation variations in the activation process of β2 adrenergic receptor. First, targeted MD was used to obtain the conformation resembles in the activation process, and then the protein network method was applied to identify the key residues and pathways in the activation process. The results indicate that the activa-tion process of β2 adrenergic receptor involves in the cooperation of all regions and the connector region of transmembrane helices is signaling hubs. In addition, the helix ends, including intracellular and extracellular loops, are the core areas. The pathway analysis reveals that there is more than one signaling pathway. All the pathways start from Ser204 of the ligand pocket and finally transmit to NPxxY or ICL2 region, which are depended on the different pathways. While the helix TMIII, TMV, TMVI are the important areas in all the pathways. The observations from the work provide valuable information at molecular level for unraveling the signal transduction mechanism associated with the activation process.
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Objective To detect the dynamic visual acuity ( DVA) before and after vestibular habituation of subjects in order to optimize the DVA assessment criteria .Methods The vestibular function examination system was applied to the detection of static and dynamic visual function in 16 healthy subjects .Results When the speed of left or right swinging was fast enough , DVA before and after vestibular habituation was different .Conclusion Subjects with vestibular habituation can reduce their sensitivity to the vestibular system , the changes in DVA are better than before habituation , and the vestib-ular function adaptability training may have effect on DVA .
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>Risk assessment and risk control for occupational exposure to chemical toxicants were performed on an isophorone nitrile device with an annual production of 5,000 tons, based on improved Singaporean semi-quantitative risk assessment method, with consideration of actual situation in China and in the present project.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>With the use of engineering analysis and identification of occupational hazards in the improved Singaporean semi-quantitative risk assessment method, hazard rating (HR) and risk assessment were performed on chemical toxicants from an isophorone nitrile device with an annual production of 5,000 tons.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The chemical toxicants in the isophorone nitrile device were mainly isophorone, hydrocyanic acid, methanol, phosphoric acid, sodium hydroxide, and sodium cyanide; the HR values were mild hazard (2), extreme hazard (5), mild hazard (2), mild hazard (2), moderate hazard (3), and extreme hazard (5), respectively, and the corresponding exposure rating (ER) values were 2.09, 2.72, 2.76, 1.68, 2.0, and 1.59, respectively. The risk of chemical toxicants in this project was assessed according to the formula Risk = [HR×ER](1/2). Hydrocyanic acid was determined as high risk, sodium hydroxide and sodium cyanide as medium risk, and isophorone, methanol, and phosphoric acid as low risk. Priority in handling of risks was determined by risk rating. The table of risk control measure was established for pre-assessment of occupational hazards.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>With risk assessment in this study, we concluded that the isophorone nitrile device with 5,000 ton annual production was a high-occupational hazard device. This device is a project of extreme occupational hazard. The improved Singaporean semi-quantitative risk assessment method is a scientific and applicable method, and is especially suitable for pre-evaluation of on-site project with no analogy.</p>
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Humanos , Cicloexanonas , Nitrilas , Exposição Ocupacional , Medição de RiscoRESUMO
Objective To investigate the detection rate of abnormal cardiovascular and metabolic indicators in health check-up populations,and provide evidence for early screening and health interventions for cardiovascular and metabolic diseases.Methods A total of 5578 adults (male 3404 and female 2174) were recruited from a medical institution in Beijing in 2008 and 2010.Cardiovascular and metabolic indicators,including blood pressure,lipid profile and fasting plasma glucose,were tested at baseline and 2 years.Paired t test or paired rank sum test was used for data analysis.Results Detection rate of abnormal blood pressure in 2010 was lower than that in 2008; however,rates of abnormal total cholesterol,low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and fasting plasma glucose were higher in 2010 than in 2008 (t values were 5.378,13.885,3.210,10.401 and 4.355,respectively; all P ＜ 0.05).High-density lipoprotein cholesterol and triglyceride showed no statistically significant difference between 2008 and 2010 (t values were 1.204 and -0.012,respectively; both P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion We have been observing a dynamic change in abnormal cardiovascular and metabolic indicators,based on which effective interventions could be taken to reduce the risk of cardiovascular diseases.
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Objective To establish a model for evaluating risk grade of cardiovascular health in adults undergoing health checkups.Methods Medical record of individuals who took health checkup in 6 heahhcare centers from 2008 to 2010 was retrospectively reviewed.The study populations were then assigned to 3 classes by using Cluster analysis and ANOVA.An assessment model for cardiovascular health was then established by using discriminant analysis method.Results The evaluation model of cardiovascular health was built by using cluster analysis and diseriminant analysis.The model was good and the consistent homology rate was 97.5％.The model was well used for cardiovascular health evaluation in healthcare center (the Kappa value in 2009 and 2010 was 0.446 and 0.415,respectively) and the consistency of the model was good.Conclusions This evaluation model of cardiovascular health could be used for grading and assessing of the level of health management of cardiovascular health.
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Objective To study the effects of physical training on baroreflex sensitivity (BRS) by monitoring finger arterial pressure among volunteers who had experienced three-months′ aerobic or anaerobic exercises.Methods A total of 16 healthy men were divided into the aerobic exercise+anaerobic exercise group (group A,n=7) and aerobic exercise group (group B,n=9).Each subject was trained for 12 weeks.Head-up tilt (HUT) table test was performed before and 4,8,and 12 weeks after training.Blood pressure,finger arterial pressure and electrocardiogram (ECG) were compared between the two groups.Results The BRS was significantly increased after training in group A,although no changes were found in group B.Conclusion Three-months′ aerobic exercise+anaerobic exercise seems to enhance the BRS; however,three-months′ aerobic exercise may decrease the BRS.
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Objective To study the therapeutic effects and its possible mechanism ofBushen Paidu Mixture on renal interstitial fibrosis. Methods A total of 60 mice were randomly divided into a normal group,UUO group, Bushen Paidu Mixture group and Lotensin group. Mice models were induced by unilateral ureteral occlusion (UUO). Execute the mice at 7, 14, 21, and 28 days after UUO. The involved kidney were separated and had HE staining. Determine integrinβ1 in kidney tissue through immunohistochemical methods. Results Integrinβ1 tissues had a weak expression in normal kidney. Integrinβ1 expressed higher in UUO group than normal group. The expression of integrinβ1 in Bushen Paidu Mixture group and Lotensin group was lower than the UUO group at every timing point. There is no significant difference between the Bushen Mixture group and Lotensin group in terms of integrinβ1 expression. Conclusion Bushen Paidu Mixture can slow down the process of renal interstitial fibrosis through regulating integrinβ1 expression.
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Silibinin, from milk thistle (Silybum marianum), is a flavonolignan with anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory properties. It has been therapeutically used for the treatment of hepatic diseases in China, Germany and Japan. Recently, increasing evidences prove that silibinin is also a potent antitumor agent, and the major anti-tumor mechanism for silibinin is the prominent inhibition of the activities of receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) and their downstream signal molecules in a variety of tumor cell lines, such as epidermal growth factor receptor 1 (EGFR) and insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF-1R) signaling pathways. Meanwhile, the evidences that silibinin selectively scavenges hydroxyl free radical (*OH) and specifically inhibits the action of nuclear factor kappaB (NF-kappaB) provide more complicated explanations for its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. Some new findings such as that silibinin attenuating the cognitive deficits induced by amyloid beta protein (Abeta) peptide through its antioxidative and anti-inflammatory properties is valuable to broad the medical prospect of silibinin. In this review, we discuss the molecular pharmacological mechanisms of silibinin, focusing on its inhibition of tyrosine kinases, actions of antioxidation, free radical scavenging, immunoregulation and anti-inflammation.
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Objective To explore the use of non-invasive technique for early detection of atherosclerosis in health checkups. Methods A total of 46 824 healthy normotensive volunteers, including 24 879 men and 21 945 women, from 27 physical examination centers were reviewed for their clinical data. Pulse wave velocity (PWV) by age was calculated,and related factors of PWV were analyzed. Results Reference range of PWV was increased with age. Detectable rate of abnormal PWV in men < 60 years was significantly higher than women (P<0.05). Detectable rate of PWV of > 1400 cm/s, > 1700 cm/s or > 2000 cm/s were 34. 5% ,7. 5% and 1.9% Respectively. Correlation analysis showed that PWV was closely related with age and mean systolic blood pressure ( P < 0. 05 ). Conclusion Non-invasive technique for early detection of atherosclerosis and PWV should be useful in physical examinations and cardiovascular disease screening.