Factors associated with the clinical outcomes of adult cardiac and non-cardiac origin cardiac arrest in emergency departments: a nationwide retrospective cohort study from China / 世界急诊医学杂志（英文）

@#Cardiac arrest (CA) is one of the most common causes of death.[1-3] Despite extensive studies on the management of CA, the global survival rate in adults is only approximately 7%, and 30-day survival is even less than 2% in China.[4] Some studies have shown that CA patients of cardiac and non-cardiac origin may differ in underlying diseases, clinical manifestations, and prognosis, which leads to differences in terms of the pathophysiological mechanism and treatment measure.[5,6] However, little is known about the risk factors in relation to the prognosis of CA across arrest etiologies.

Abnormal expression of APRIL in colorectal cancer cells promotes tumor growth and metastasis / 中华肿瘤杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the effects of a proliferation-inducing ligand (APRlL) on colorectal cancer (CRC) cell growth and migration, and to observe the role of APRIL in CRC biological behavior.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The siRNA plasmid vector targeting APRIL gene (APRIL-siRNA) was transfected into human colorectal cancer SW480 cells and recombinant human APRIL (rhAPRIL) was used to stimulate human colorectal cancer HCT-116 cells. Cell proliferation activity was analyzed using cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8), cell cycle was detected by flow cytometry, and the protein expression of cyclin D1, p21 and Bcl-2 was detected by Western blot analysis. Tumor cell migration and invasion were measured by Transwell chambers. RT-PCR was applied to examine the mRNA expression level of MMP-2 and MMP-9. APRIL-siRNA was used to transfect directly SW480 cells, which were injected subcutaneously into nude mice, then the tumor growth and metastasis were observed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Cell proliferation ability of APRIL-siRNA-transfected SW480 cells was drastically repressed, and the percentage of G0/G1 phase cells was significantly increased (t = 4.12, P < 0.05), accompanied with depressed cyclin D1, Bcl-2 expression and elevated p21 expression. Cell proliferation ability of rhAPRIL-stimulated HCT-116 cells was promoted with a decreased G0/G1 phase ratio (t = 3.31, P < 0.05). cyclin D1 and Bcl-2 protein expression was up-regulated while p21 was down-regulated by rhAPRIL stimulation. Metastatic and invasive capacities of APRIL-siRNA-transfected SW480 cells were significantly inhibited compared with their respective controls (both P < 0.05), accompanied with the deregulated MMP-2 and MMP-9 mRNA expression. Metastatic and invasive capacities of rhAPRIL-stimulated HCT-116 cells were promoted with up-regulated MMP-2 and MMP-9 mRNA expression(both P < 0.05). Tumor growth in the group transfected with APRIL-siRNA appeared to be slower than that in the control groups and the expression of MMP-2, MMP-9 in tumor tissues was depressed in the APRIL-siRNA group.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>APRIL facilitates tumor growth and metastasis, and is associated with carcinogenesis and prognosis. Our findings suggest that APRIL might be used as a novel target for the intervention and therapy of colorectal cancer.</p>

Expression of B lymphocyte stimulator and its receptors in multiple myeloma cells: a mechanism for the cell growth and survival / 中华血液学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the expression of B lymphocyte stimulator (BlyS) and its receptors in multiple myeloma (MM) cells, and to explore the relationship between BLyS and the development of human multiple myeloma.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Flow cytometry, RT-PCR and Western blot were used to examine the expression of BLyS and its receptors in MM (KM3 and CZ1) cells. Fluorescence immunocytochemical method and confocal laser scanning technique were applied to the localization of BLyS in KM3 cell. WST proliferation assay was used to examine the effect of BLyS on MM cells growth and survival. Linear correlation analysis was used to detect LDH and beta 2-microglobulin (beta2M) levels with BLyS protein and mRNA expressions in MM patients.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>(1) BLyS and its receptors were expressed in MM cells. (2) BLyS protein was localized on the KM3 plasma membrane. (3) BLyS promoted survival and proliferation of MM cells. (4) MM patients had significantly higher expression levels of BLyS [77.42% (24/31)] BLyS mRNA [93.55% (29/31)], which were significantly correlated with the levels of LDH and beta 2-microglobulin (beta2M).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>BLyS and its receptors in MM cell lines and MM patient bone marrow might have a potential role in the growth and survival of malignant plasma cells.</p>

Gene mutation in the areas of PreC/C and BCP of HBV DNA / 中华实验和临床病毒学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the gene mutation in the areas of pre core/core (Pre C/C) and basic core promotor (BCP) of HBV DNA and its clinical significance.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The nt 1 735-1 965 segment of HBV DNA was amplified with PCR in 54 cases with chronic hepatitis B and 10 cases with post-hepatitis cirrhosis. Then the PCR product was sequenced.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>There were 168 site mutations in 48.5% (33/68) cases with hepatitis B. The first ten mutation sites were nt 1 764 (58.8%), 1 762 (48.5%), 1 799 (21.0%), 1 766 (14.7%), 1 896 (13.2%), 1 754 (8.8%), 1 899 (8.8%), 1 768 (7.4%), 1 814 (7.4%) and 1 913 (7.4%). Three rare mutations of nt 1907, 1 922 and 1 923 were also detected. The mutations of nt 1 896, 1 764 and 1 762 were found in 16.7%, 35.2% and 35.2% of chronic hepatitis, and in 30.0%, 60.0% and 60.0% respectively of post-hepatitis cirrhosis cases. There was statistical significance between the two groups (P < 0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The mutations in the areas of Pre C/C and BCP of HBV DNA might possibly be associated with liver fibrosis. There are many mutation sites in HBV DNA and mutation occurs frequently, therefore gene sequencing is helpful to the design of gene chip and to clinical application.</p>