Assay of Four Saponins in Astragali Radix by HPLC-ELSD / 医药导报

Objective To study the feasibility of high performance liquid chromatography-evaporative light scattering detector ( HPLC-ELSD) in quantitative analysis of multi-components ( QAMS) by single marker. Methods Four saponins in Astragali Radix were simultaneously determined by HPLC-ELSD using external standard method, and malonylastragaloside I served as internal standard. The relative correction factors between internal standard and astragaloside Ⅰ, astragaloside Ⅱ and astragaloside Ⅳ were calculated, and the stability was investigated. Results Astragaloside Ⅳ in Astragali Radix was little, while malonylastragalosideⅠand AstragalosideⅠwere abundant.The relative correction factors lacked stability, so ELSD could not be used in QAMS. Conclusion HPLC-ELSD can precisely determine contents of four saponins in Astragali Radix. The detector needs to be further studied when the components have poor ultraviolet absorption such as saponins by QAMS.

Research on the Method of Microbial Limit Test for Ofloxacin Gel / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE:To establish a method of microbial limit test for Ofloxacin gel. METHODS:Test sample solutions were prepared by MnSO4,CaCl2 and MgCl2 gelout with different concentrations,the numbers of bacteria and control bacteria were detected by membrane filtration method,and the numbers of molds and yeasts were determined by conventional method. RE-SULTS:The conventional method showed the recoveries of Candida albicaus and Aspergillus niger were more than 70% after not treated by gel breaker;the membrane filtration method showed the recoveries of Escherichia coli,Staphylococcus aurus and Baci-lus subtilis were more than 70% after treated by 5% MnSO4,3% CaCl2 and 1% MgCl2;the membrane filtration method could de-tect the control bacteria after treated by gel breaker. CONCLUSIONS:Gel breaker with appropriate concentrations can effectively eliminate the antibacterial activity of Ofloxacin gel. The established method is suitable for its microbial limit test.

Jaridonin:Selective killing of cancer cells through oxidative stress / 中国药理学通报

Aim To investigate Jaridonin′s selective killing of cancer cells and explore the related molecular mechanism. Methods After treatment by Jaridonin for 24 h, the effect of Jaridonin on the cell viability was examined using MTT assay. The effect of Jaridonin on cytomorphology and mitochondrial membrane poten-tial (Δψm) was observed by a fluorescence microsco-py. The apoptosis of cell lines treated with Jaridonin, as well as the level of reactive oxygen species ( ROS ) was analyzed by flow cytometry. Expression of the pro-teins related with mitochondria apoptosis pathways was detected by Western blot. Results Jaridonin caused strong antiproliferative and apoptotic effects on MGC-803 cells, but there were not remarkable effects on GES-1 cells. Furthermore, the expression of Bax was up-regulated, and the release of cytochrome c from mi-tochondria to cytosol was also promoted in MGC-803 cells treated by Jaridonin. The cleavage of caspase-3 in MGC-803 cells was also observed. Jaridonin increased persistently intracellular levels of ROS in MGC-803 cells, whereas the level of ROS in GES-1 rose in the first stage, and then decreased, and dropped to the basic level after 6 h. More interestingly, Jaridonin-in-duced ROS accumulation and the inhibition of MGC-803 cell proliferation were almost completely attenuated in the presence of GSH. Conclusions Jaridonin se-lectively kills cancer cells and induces apoptosis in MGC-803 through ROS-mediated mitochondrial dam-age.

Jaridonin induces apoptosis in human esophageal cancer cells by depleting GSH and inducing DNA damage / 中华肿瘤杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>The aim of this study was to explore the molecular mechanism of apoptosis in esophageal cancer cells induced by Isodon rubescens.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The DNA-damage effect of Jaridonin was detected by single cell gel electrophoresis (SCGE). The p53 protein was determined by Western blot. GSH assay kit was employed to determine the GSH content in human esophageal cancer EC-1 cells. Intracellular levels of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) or superoxide (O(2).-) were determined using the redox-sensitive probes 2', 7'-dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate (DCF) or dihydroethidium (DHE), and the fluorescence signal was assayed by fluorescence microscopy and by flow cytometry.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Jaridonin induced DNA damage in EC-1 cells remarkably. The olive tail moments (OTM) of control and 20, 40 µmol/L Jaridonin were 3.2, 45.2 and 89.0, respectively. Compared with the control, the differences were significant (P < 0.01 for both). Jaridonin resulted in extensive p53 up-regulation in the EC-1 cells. More importantly, the p53 up-regulation occurred as early as 2 h after Jaridonin incubation, and in a time-dependent manner (P < 0.05). p53 siRNA transfection inhibited apoptosis in the EC-1 cells, and the Jaridonin-induced apoptosis rate was reduced from 38.5% to 8.8%. Intracellular level of H2O2 was increased by Jaridonin, whereas the level of O(2).- was barely changed. The GSH content in EC-1 cells was reduced from (10.3 ± 1.6) nmol/mg protein to (4.6 ± 2.1) nmol/mg protein after 20 µmol/L Jaridonin incubation for 8 h, and it was further reduced with the increase of Jaridonin concentration. Jaridonin induced DNA damage, H2O2 accumulation and apoptosis were significantly attenuated in the presence of GSH, but Jaridonin showed little effect on normal human liver L-02 cells.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Jaridonin selectively induces apoptosis in esophageal cancer EC-1 cells through H2O2-mediated DNA damage by depleting GSH.</p>

A study on correlation between contrast-enhanced sonography and microvessel density in peripheral lung tumor / 中国医师进修杂志

Objective To observe the correlation between contrast-enhanced sonography and microveesel density (MVD) in peripheral lung tumor.Methods Contrast-enhanced sonography was performed in 55 patients with peripheral lung tumor.Among of them,malignant tumor was 40 cases,benign tumor was 15 cases.Analyzed the quantitative parameters (peak intensity,enhanced strength index) by using time-intensity curve (TIC) with computer.MVD was measured by immunohistochemistry after operation.Results The level of MVD in malignant tumor was significantly higher than that in benign tumor [(24.57 ± 5.93)/HP vs.(15.50 ± 2.82)/HP] (P ＜ 0.05).The level of MVD had significant correlation with peak intensity and enhanced strength index (P ＜ 0.01).Conclusions The peak intensity and enhanced strength index have significant correlation with MVD.They are valuable indexes in evaluating angiogenesis in peripheral lung tumor.

Bioequivalence of Domestic and Imported Fenofibrate Capsules in Healthy Volunteers / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the bioequivalence of domestic and imported Fenofibrate capsules in healthy volunteers. METHODS: In double-period crossover study, 18 healthy volunteers received a single oral dose of domestic Fenofibrate capsule 200 mg (test capsule) and imported capsule 200 mg (reference capsule). The content of fenofibric acid in plasma was measured with HPLC. BECS pharmacokinetics program was used to calculate the pharmacokinetic parameters and bioavailability and to evaluate the bioequivalence of two preparations. RESULTS: The main pharmacokinetic parameters of domestic Fenofibrate capsule vs. imported Fenofibrate capsule were as follows: t1/2(21.34?3.31) h vs.(21.83?4.35) h, Cmax(7.31?2.65) mg?L-1 vs. (7.28?2.66) mg?L-1, tmax(4.72?0.57) h vs.(4.67?0.59) h, AUC0～72(170.09?54.06) mg?h?L-1 vs. (172.2?54.64) mg?h?L-1, AUC0～∞(188.56?55.27) mg?h?L-1 vs. (192.27?56.62) mg?h?L-1. The relative bioavailability F0～72 and F0～∞ of domestic Fenofibrate capsule were(98.87?6.76)% vs.(98.00?6.72)%, respectively. Non-parameter test of tmax and variance analysis and t-test of Cmax and AUC0～72 showed there was no statistical difference between 2 kinds of Fenofibrate capsules. The 90% confidential intervals of AUC0～72 and Cmax of test capsule were 83.3%～116.9% and 81.1%～124.4%, respectively. CONCLUSION: The domestic and imported Fenofibrate capsules are bioequivalent.

Humanistic Concern in Pharmaceutical Care / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE:To discuss the problems of humanistic concern in pharmaceutical care so as to pay more attention to it.METHODS:To analyze and discuss current situation and obstacles of pharmaceutical care in China from humanistic perspective.RESULTS & CONCLUSIONS:Pharmaceutical care involving natural science,literal art and humanities belongs to public welfare. "Patients-centered" service mode requires humanistic pharmaceutical care and pharmacists to not only improve professional knowledge and technology but also culture humanistic quality.