Tuber borchii Shapes the Ectomycorrhizosphere Microbial Communities of Corylus avellana

In this study, eight-month-old ectomycorrhizae of Tuber borchii with Corylus avellana were synthesized to explore the influence of T. borchii colonization on the soil properties and the microbial communities associated with C. avellana during the early symbiotic stage. The results showed that the bacterial richness and diversity in the ectomycorrhizae were significantly higher than those in the control roots, whereas the fungal diversity was not changed in response to T. borchii colonization. Tuber was the dominant taxon (82.97%) in ectomycorrhizae. Some pathogenic fungi, including Ilyonectria and Podospora, and other competitive mycorrhizal fungi, such as Hymenochaete, had significantly lower abundance in the T. borchii inoculation treatment. It was found that the ectomycorrhizae of C. avellana contained some more abundant bacterial genera (e.g., Rhizobium, Pedomicrobium, Ilumatobacter, Streptomyces, and Geobacillus) and fungal genera (e.g., Trechispora and Humicola) than the control roots. The properties of rhizosphere soils were also changed by T. borchii colonization, like available nitrogen, available phosphorus and exchangeable magnesium, which indicated a feedback effect of mycorrhizal synthesis on soil properties. Overall, this work highlighted the interactions between the symbionts and the microbes present in the host, which shed light on our understanding of the ecological functions of T. borchii and facilitate its commercial cultivation.

Analysis of bone minimal density and bone quantitative ultrasound in men with osteoporotic risks / 中华老年医学杂志

Objective To analyze the features of bone minimal density and bone quantitative ultrasound in men with different osteoporotic risk graded by osteoporosis self-assessment tool for Asian (OSTA).Methods After exclude the secondary osteoporosis,724 subjects over 50 years old were involved.The parameters of hight,weight,quantitative ultrasound index (QUI),QUS-T score were examined.The bone density (BMD) were measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA)in 120 elderly men.All subjects were grouped into low (osteoporotic) risk group,moderate risk group and high risk group by OSTA index.120 subjects measured BMD were grouped into normal bone mass group,osteopenia group and osteoporosis group by WHO standard.The differences and correlation analysis in BMD,QUST,and QUI between these groups were analysed.Results The percents of low risk people,moderate risk people and high risk people were 56.4％ (408 cases),28.2％ (204cases),15.5％ (112 cases),respectively.There were 30.0％ (36 cases) normal bone mass people,58.3％ (70 cases) osteopenia people and 11.7％ (14 cases) osteoporosis people in groups measured BMD.QUS-T score,QUI were gradually decreased in groups of low risk,moderate risk and high risk (-0.56±1.09,-0.88±-1.28,-1.21±1.40; 98.47±19.04,92.62±22.49,87.68±24.43; all P ＜0.05) and had statistical significant differences between low risk and moderate risk,high risk groups,while had no differences between moderate risk and high risk groups.The femoral neck BMD and total BMD were gradually decreased in all the three groups (0.89±0.12,0.85±0.10,0.77± 0.10; 1.0±0.15,0.93 ± 0.11,0.83±0.1; all P＜0.01).Osteoporosis in the three groups were 3.4％ (2 cases),13.0％ (6 cases),37.5％ (6 cases),respectively and osteoporosis percents in moderate risk group and high risk group were higher compared with low risk group (x2=11.77,P＜0.01).QUS-T score and QUI decreased gradually in groups of normal mass,osteopenia and osteoporosis (0.99±0.08,-0.70±1.07,-1.96±0.73; 109.26±17.05,96.15±18.20,72.54±10.00; F=10.47,11.73,all P＜ 0.01).Except for lumbar BMD,a positive linear correlation emerged between OSTA and QUS-T score,QUI,hip BMD(all P＜0.01).The values of R with femoral neck BMD,torch BMD and total hip BMD were 0.45,0.38,0.39,respectively.And the same value with QUS-T score and QUI was 0.23.Conclusions With the decreasing of OSTA index,risk of osteoporosis is increased and QUS-T score,QUI and BMD are decreased gradually.There are positive linear correlation between OSTA index and QUS-T score,QUI,hip BMD.

The effects and mechanisms of BTBD10 on the proliferation of islet beta cell / 中华内科杂志

ObjectiveTo explore the role of BTBD10 overexpression in the proliferation of insulinoma cell line INS-1and its mechanism. MethodsThe recombined expression plasmid of pcDNA4.0-BTBD10 was constructed by gene cloning technique and was transfected into INS-1 cell by lipofectamine 2000. The stable overexpression BTBD10 of INS-1cell was selected at 48th hour after transfection.INS-1 cell proliferation activity was measured by MTT method.The expression of BTBD10,protein kinase B(Akt),phospho-Akt(p-Akt),mammal target of rapamycin (mTOR) and phospho-mTOR (p-mTOR) were determined by Western blot.ResultsThe stable overexpression BTBD10 of INS-1 cell wassuccessfullyconstructed.OverproductionofBTBD10promotedbetacellproliferation.The phosphorylation of Akt and mTOR was increased and the ratio of p-Akt/Akt and p-mTOR/mTOR was enhanced in the INS-1 overexpressed by BTBD10.But the expression of total Akt and mTOR presented no obvious changes. Conclusion The overexpression BTBD10 of INS-1 cell could activate of Akt/mTOR signalling pathway via stimulating phospho-mTOR and Akt,and enhance overall cell protein translation,so as to promote proliferation of INS-1 cell.

Preparation, characterization and content determination of cubic phase gel containing capsaicin / 中国中药杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To prepare the cubic phase gel containing capsaicin and characterize its properties.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>The cubic phases gel composed of glycerol monoolein, capsaicin and water was made by self-emulsion technology. The characterization of cubic phase gel was carried out by cross-polarizing light microscopy (CPLM) and Small Angle X-Ray Scattering (SAXS). The capsaicin content was determined by HPLC analysis.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>Under CPLM, cubic phase gel showed dark background. SAXS scattering spectra showed the scattering peaks at 0.1096, 0.1334, 0.1557, 0.1883 A(-1) which was compatible with q1:q2:q3:q4 = mean square root of 2: mean square root of 3: mean square root of 4: mean square root of 6. It was well known that the scattering vector ratio was the characteristic of cubic phase and the internal structure was confirmed to be Pn3m (Q224). The linear range for capsaicin determination was 3.25 x 10(-4) - 2.08 x 10(-2) g x L(-1) (R2 = 1). The average recovery was 97.53% with RSD of 2.9% (n=9).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>CPLM and SAXS technology are suitable to characterize the cubic phase gel The determination of the capsaicin content by HPLC is simple and reproducible.</p>

The high fat-feeding induces macrovascular disease through activation of NF-?B in rat / 中国糖尿病杂志

Objective To investigate the mechanism of endothelial cell damage under insulin resistance state induced by high fat-feeding by observations of the effects of antioxidant N-acetylcysteine(NAC) on the blood glucose,lipids,the histological parameters of aorta,and the expression of intercellular adhesion molecules-1(ICAM-1),monocyte chemoattractant protein-1(MCP-1) and NF-?B/I?B? in aortic intima.Methods Forty-five Wistar male rats aged 5 to 6 weeks were randomly divided into 3 groups:control,high fat-feeding(HF) and HF plus NAC treatment(HF+NAC).Blood glucose,insulin,lipids,body weight,visceral fat content,histological change of aorta and the expression levels of ICAM-1,MCP-1 and NF-?B/I?B? were determined after the rats were fed for 11 weeks. Results(1)The body weight,ratio of visceral fat content over body weight,blood glucose,insulin,triglyceride,total cholesterol,LDL-C,and total FFA were significantly increased in HF group after 11 weeks feeding compared with control or HF+NAC(all P

The role of transcription factor NF- ?B in vascular endothelial cell impairment induced by high glucose,TNF-? and IL-1? / 中华内分泌代谢杂志

Objective To investigate the role of NF-?B in high glucose (HG) and cytokines (TNF-? and IL-1?)-induced impairment of ECV-304 cells (vascular endothelial cell line). Methods Recombinant adenovirus containing NF-?B supper-repressor I?B?M with mutant I?B? was constructed. Western blot, electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA) and thiazolyl blue viability assay were applied in this study. Results TNF-?-induced I?B? degradation and NF-?B activation (P