Research progress on the effectiveness of smallpox vaccination against mpox virus infection / 中华流行病学杂志

With the expansion of mpox virus infection from endemic to a global epidemic in 2022, the WHO declared that the mpox event constituted a Public Health Emergency of International Concern. Due to the high degree of gene sequence similarity among orthopox viruses and cross-reactive antibodies induced by orthoviruses, smallpox vaccination may affect the immune response induced by mpox virus infection. The analysis of the protective effects of smallpox vaccination against mpox virus infection will help define the focus of prevention and control. In this review, we clarify the protection of the smallpox vaccine against mpox virus infection by analyzing the correlation between smallpox vaccination, immune response status, and clinical data and providing evidence for the prevention, control, and strategies of mpox epidemics.

Research progress on the effect of hyperthermia on vascular endothelial growth factor in tumor microenvironment / 中华放射肿瘤学杂志

Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) plays an important role in promoting tumor vascular growth and changing vascular wall permeability. With the in-depth study of tumor hyperthermia and tumor microenvironment, more and more studies have shown that hyperthermia exerts multiple regulatory effects on VEGF in tumor microenvironment. Combined with current research progress in China and abroad, this article reviews the effect of hyperthermia on VEGF and its related cells and factors in tumor microenvironment, aiming to provide new ideas for the clinical application of tumor hyperthermia combined with immune or targeted therapy.

Effect of hyperthermia on biological behavior of squamous cell carcinoma of the tongue by regulating ferroptosis pathway / 中华放射肿瘤学杂志

Objective:To investigate the regulation and possible mechanism of hyperthermia (HT) on the ferroptosis of squamous cell carcinoma of the tongue cell line CAL-27.Methods:Half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC 50) of Fer-1, an inhibitor of ferroptosis, was detected by CCK-8 assay and used for subsequent experiments. CAL-27 cells were divided into the HT, control, Fer-1 and HT+ Fer-1 groups according to experimental design. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels and iron ion concentration were determined by corresponding detection kits. The p53 and TfR1 mRNA levels were detected by real-time reverse transcription PCR. Cell migration was detected by cell scratch test and cell apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry. Results:HT significantly up-regulated the ROS levels ( P<0.01) and iron ion concentration ( P<0.001), and significantly increased the expression levels of p53 and TfR1 mRNA (both P<0.01). The cell migration ability was decreased ( P<0.001), whereas cell apoptosis rate was increased by HT ( P<0.01). In the HT+Fer-1 group, the ROS levels ( P<0.001), iron ion concentration ( P<0.001), expression levels of p53 and TfR1 mRNA (both P<0.01) were significantly down-regulated, the cell migration ability was recovered ( P<0.01), and cell apoptosis rate was decreased ( P<0.01) compared with those in the HT group, respectively. Conclusions:HT may induce the ferroptosis of CAL-27 cell line, inhibit cell migration ability and promote cell apoptosis by activating the p53/TfR1 pathway.

Clinical research progress of human respiratory syncytial virus vaccine / 中华预防医学杂志

Human respiratory syncytial virus (HRSV) is one of the main pathogen causing severe acute lower respiratory tract infections in infants and the elderly, with high incidence rate and mortality worldwide. Vaccine is one of the important measure to prevent infection, transmission and severe disease of HRSV, but currently there is no officially approved preventive vaccine for prevention of HRSV in the world. This paper reviews and analyzes the current research and development progress of HRSV vaccine, summarizes the design routes of different types of HRSV preventive vaccines, and discusses the difficulties and challenges in vaccine research and development, in order to provide reference for the research and development of HRSV vaccine and the development of clinical trials.

Effect of hyperthermia combined with paclitaxel on proliferation, apoptosis and cycle of human tongue squamous cell carcinoma cell line CAL-27 / 中华放射肿瘤学杂志

Objective:To observe the effect of hyperthermia combined with paclitaxel on the proliferation, apoptosis and cycle of human tongue squamous cell carcinoma cell line CAL-27, and to explore the underlying mechanism.Methods:The working concentration of paclitaxel was determined by CCK-8 assay, and the cultured CAL-27 cells were divided into the control, paclitaxel, 42℃ hyperthermia and combined treatment groups. The ability of cell proliferation was detected by colony formation assay, and the cell cycle and apoptosis were determined by flow cytometry. The expression levels of AKT, p-AKT, Bcl-2 and Bax proteins in each group were measured by Western blot.Results:Compared with the control group, the proliferation was significantly inhibited and the apoptosis of CAL-27 cells was significantly promoted in the combined treatment, hyperthermia and paclitaxel groups (all P<0.05), and the anti-proliferation and apoptosis-promoting effect in the combined treatment group was significantly better than those in the hyperthermia and paclitaxel groups (all P<0.05). Western blot showed that hyperthermia combined with paclitaxel could significantly up-regulate the expression level of Bax protein and significantly down-regulate the expression levels of P-AKT and Bcl-2 in CAL-27 cells (all P<0.05). Conclusions:Hyperthermia combined with paclitaxel can play a synergistic role in inhibiting proliferation and promoting apoptosis of tongue squamous cell carcinoma CAL-27 cells. The mechanism may be related to the inhibition of AKT activation and the activation of Bax/Bcl-2 apoptosis signaling pathway.

Angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma complicated with Epstein-Barr virus-positive diffuse large B-cell lymphoma: report of two cases and review of literature / 白血病·淋巴瘤

Objective:To investigate the clinicopathological features, treatment and prognosis of patients with angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma (AILT) complicated with Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-positive diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL).Methods:The clinical data of 2 cases of AILT with EBV-positive DLBCL in the Fifth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital were retrospectively analyzed, and the literature was reviewed.Results:One case of complex lymphoma (CL) developed from low fever with systemic superficial lymphadenopathy, the right axillary tumor biopsy showed that AILT complicated with EBV-positive DLBCL. After 8 cycles of chemotherapy, the patient reached unconfirmed complete remission, then received maintenance treatment with chidamide and survived until the deadline. Another case of discordant lymphoma began with subcutaneous nodules and then developed progressive enlargement of superficial lymph nodes. The pathological examination of subcutaneous nodule diagnosed as DLBCL, and the pathological examination of right inguinal lymph node diagnosed as AITL. After 7 cycles of chemotherapy, the patient died of hemophagocytic syndrome.Conclusions:AILT with EBV-positive DLBCL is rare. The main clinical symptom is AITL and the immunophenotypic characteristic indicates the presence of T cells and B cells. At the same time, the prognosis is poor, and the treatment strategy mainly depends on the lymphoma type with unfavorable prognosis.

Effects of mild moxibustion on intestinal microbiome and NLRP3 inflammasome in rats with 5-fluorouracil-induced intestinal mucositis / 中西医结合学报

OBJECTIVE@#The present study investigated how mild moxibustion treatment affects the intestinal microbiome and expression of NLRP3-related immune factors in a rat model of intestinal mucositis (IM) induced with 5-fluorouracil (5-Fu).@*METHODS@#Forty male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into control, chemotherapy, moxibustion and probiotics groups. The IM rat model was established by intraperitoneal injection of 5-Fu. Mild moxibustion treatment and intragastric probiotic administration were provided once daily for 15 days. Tissue morphology, serum levels of inflammatory factors and the expression levels of tight junction proteins, caspase-1, gasdermin D and NLRP3 were evaluated in colon tissue, through hematoxylin and eosin staining, electron microscopy, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, Western blotting, quantitative real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and immunofluorescence. Gut microbiome profiling was conducted through 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing.@*RESULTS@#Moxibustion and probiotic treatments significantly increased the expression levels of tight junction proteins, reduced cell apoptosis and the expression levels of caspase-1, gasdermin D and NLRP3; they also decreased the serum levels of tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin (IL)-6, IL-1β and IL-18, while increasing serum levels of IL-10. Moxibustion and probiotic treatments also corrected the reduction in α-diversity and β-diversity in IM rats, greatly increased the proportion of the dominant bacterial genus Lactobacillus and reduced the abundance of the genera Roseburia and Escherichia in chemotherapy-treated rats to levels observed in healthy animals. We also found that these dominant genera were firmly correlated with the regulation of pyroptosis-associated proteins and inflammatory factors. Finally, moxibustion and probiotic treatments elicited similar effects in regulating intestinal host-microbial homeostasis and the expression of NLRP3 inflammasome-related factors.@*CONCLUSION@#Moxibustion exerts its therapeutic effect on IM by ameliorating mucosal damage and reducing inflammation. Moreover, moxibustion modulates the gut microbiota, likely via decreasing the expression levels of the NLRP3 inflammasome.

Analysis on Metabolites of Major Components of Shaoyao Gancaotang in Urine and Feces of Normal and Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Rats / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Objective::To analyze and identify the metabolites of major components of Shaoyao Gancaotang in urine and feces of normal and polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) rats, and to explore the effect of PCOS on the metabolism of Shaoyao Gancaotang. Method::Female SD rats were randomly divided into normal group and PCOS group. PCOS rat model was prepared by administration of letrozole solution for 21 days, and the estrous cycle of rats was observed. UHPLC-QTRAP-MS/MS technique and LightSight 2.3 software were used to analyze and identify the metabolites of major components of Shaoyao Gancaotang in urine and feces of normal and PCOS rats. The mobile phase was water-methanol for gradient elution, the flow rate was 0.3 mL·min-1, electrospray ion source was employed under negative ion mode. Result::Phase Ⅰ and phase Ⅱ reactions mainly occurred in drug metabolism. A total of 27 metabolites were detected in urine of normal rats, and 34 metabolites were detected in urine of PCOS rats. A total of 29 metabolites were detected in feces of normal rats, and 27 metabolites were detected in feces of PCOS rats. Conclusion::The metabolites in the urine of PCOS rats are more diverse than those of normal rats, and the disease status of PCOS may affect the in vivo metabolic pathway of active ingredients in Shaoyao Gancaotang.

Influence of Growth Group Therapy on Interpersonal Skills among College Students / 中国医科大学学报

Objective To explore the effects of growth group therapy on psychological factors related to interpersonal relationships in college students. Methods Volunteers from a medical university and a non-specialized university in Shenyang participated in growth group therapy once a week for 12 weeks. Before and after the intervention, the 48 volunteers completed the RFQ-54, emotion regulation questionnaire (ERQ), self-esteem scale (SES), and coping style questionnaire (CSQ). Results The RFQ-C, cognitive reappraisal, and SES scores were significantly different before and after intervention (20.54±8.88 vs 23.19±10.85, P ＜ 0.05), (27.27±5.22 vs29.19±4.69; 29.67±4.59 vs 31.48±4.20, P ＜ 0.01), as were the scores of the CSQ subscales, such as problem-solving, seeking support, withdrawal, rebuking oneself, and fantasy (0.72±0.17 vs 0.80±0.15; 0.60±0.25 vs 0.71±0.24; 0.35±0.21 vs 0.28±0.18; 0.36±0.25 vs 0.28±0.20; 0.48±0.23 vs 0.39±0.19, P ＜ 0.01). Conclusion Growth group therapy is effective in college students. It can improve abilities of mentalizing, emotional regulation, self-esteem, and coping in college students.

Effect of Gemcitabine-associated Thrombocytopenia on the Survival Time of Patients with Advanced Non-small Cell Lung Cancer / 中国药师

Objective:To explore the effect of gemcitabine-associated thrombocytopenia on the survival time of patients with ad-vanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).Methods: The data of patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer treated with gemcitabine from January to December 2011 were retrospectively collected. According to the lowest platelet (PLT) value of the first treatment of gemcitabine,the patients were divided into two groups,PLT higher than 50 × 109·L-1group(43 cases) and PLT lower than 50 × 109·L-1group(24 cases). The survival time was retrieved by referring to the electronic medical records. The relevant in-dices in the two groups were compared and analyzed by COX multiple factors. Results:A total of 67 patients were enrolled in the stud-y. Except for the pathological type,there were no significant differences in gender,age and chemotherapy cycle between the groups(P>0.05). There was significant difference in the survival time between the groups (P<0.05). The median survival time of the pa-tients with PLT higher than 50 × 109·L-1was significantly longer than that of the patients with PLT less than 50 × 109·L-1. Con-clusion:Compared with the patients with mild thrombocytopenia(I/II),gemcitabine induced severe thrombocytopenia(III/IV) in the patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC) has effect on the survival time of the patients. Therefore,it is necessary to do a good job in the prevention and treatment of thrombocytopenia.

Effect and Underlying Mechanism of Harmine on Proliferation and Apoptosis of Gastric Cancer Cells / 胃肠病学

Background:Previous study has found that harmine inhibited the proliferation of gastric cancer cells by down-regulating cyclooxygenase-2(COX-2)expression. However,its molecular mechanism is not fully clear. Aims:To investigate the effect of harmine on proliferation and apoptosis of gastric cancer cells,and explore the role of PTEN/Akt/MDM2 signaling pathway in this process. Methods:Human gastric adenocarcinoma cell line SGC-7901 and MKN-45 were treated with harmine at different concentrations(2,4,8,16,32 μg/mL)for 24,48,and 72 hours. The cell proliferation and apoptosis were detected by MTT assay and Hoechst staining,respectively. The expressions of PTEN,COX-2, phosphorylated Akt(p-Akt)and p-MDM2 were measured by Western blotting. Results:Harmine dose- and time-dependently inhibited proliferation and induced apoptosis of SGC-7901 and MKN-45 cells. Also,harmine dose-dependently increased PTEN expression,and inhibited p-Akt,p-MDM2 and COX-2 expressions in SGC-7901 and MKN-45 cells. Conclusions:Harmine may inhibit proliferation and induce apoptosis of gastric cancer cells via down-regulating COX-2 expression through PTEN/Akt/MDM2 signaling pathway.

Preparation and Application of Ornidazole Magnetic Imprinted Polymers with Dual Functional Monomers / 分析化学

The magnetic molecularly imprinted polymers ( MMIPs ) was synthesiZed by suspension polymers technique using ornidaZole ( ONZ) as template, and methacrylic acid ( MAA) and acrylamide ( AA) as the binary functional monomers.The MMIPs were characteriZed by means of scanning electron microscopy ( SEM ) , Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy ( FT-IR ) , vibrating sample magnetometer ( VSM ) , thermogravimetric analysis ( TGA) and ultraviolet-visible ( UV-Vis) spectrophotometer.The results indicated that the adsorption capacity of MMIPs using the binary functional monomers to ONZ was higher than that using single functional monomer or that of its structural analogues.The Scatchard plot revealed that the template polymer system had a two-site binding behavior and the MMIPs exhibited the maximum rebinding to ONZ at 48.96 μmol/g and 10.60 μmol/g.Combined with high performance liquid chromatographic analysis technology, the prepared MMIPs were successfully applied to extract and enrich trace nitroimidaZoles from river water samples with recoveries range of 85.4%-104.3%.The precision of the results was good, and the manipulation of the developed method was simple and fast comparing to other methods.

Ursolic Acid Inhibits Gastric Cancer Cells Proliferation through AMPK/STAT3/COX-2 Signaling Pathway / 胃肠病学

Background: Previous study has found that ursolic acid (UA) inhibited the proliferation of gastric cancer cells by the down-regulation of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) expression.However,its molecular mechanism is not fully clear.Aims: To investigate the role of adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK)/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3)/COX-2 signaling pathway in UA-mediated inhibition of gastric cancer cells proliferation.Methods: AMPK-pLVX,AMPK-shRNA,STAT3-pLVX,STAT3-shRNA plasmids were constructed,and then were transfected into human gastric cancer cell lines SGC-7901 and MKN-45,respectively.Gastric cancer cells were cultured with different concentrations of UA for different times.The expressions of phosphorylated AMPK (p-AMPK),phosphorylated STAT3 (p-STAT3) and COX-2 were measured by Western blotting,and cell proliferation was detected by CCK-8 assay.Results: UA dose-and time-dependently increased p-AMPK expression,inhibited p-STAT3 and COX-2 expressions in SGC-7901 and MKN-45 cells.Knockdown of AMPK blocked UA-induced inhibition of STAT3 phosphorylation and COX-2 expression.Overexpression of STAT3 blocked UA-induced down-regulation of COX-2 expression.Knockdown of AMPK and overexpression of STAT3 blocked UA-induced inhibition of proliferation of gastric cancer cells.Conclusions: UA may inhibit the proliferation of gastric cancer cells via down-regulation of COX-2 expression through AMPK/STAT3 pathway.

Meta-analysis for efficacy and safety of rosuvastatin and simvastatin in the treatment of hyperlipidemia / 天津医药

Objective To investigate the effectiveness and safety of rosuvastatin and simvastatin in the treatment of hyperlipidemia. Methods The database including CNKI, VIP, Wanfang data base and CBM were retrieved to search the clinical randomized controlled trials (RCT) of rosuvastatin and simvastatin in the treatment of hyperlipidemia, and the data were analyzed with Review Manager 5.2. Results Eighteen RCTs were included with a total sample size of 1819 cases with hyperlipidemia, in which there were 917 patients in rosuvastatin group and 902 in simvastatin group. The Meta-analysis results showed that there were significantly lower serum levels of total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), triglyceride (TG) and significantly higher level of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) in rosuvastatin group compared with those of simvastatin group [(MD=-0.15, 95%CI:-0.22--0.09, P<0.01), (MD=-0.18, 95%CI:-0.25--0.11, P<0.01), (MD=-0.23, 95%CI:-0.28--0.19, P<0.01) and (MD=-0.11, 95%CI:-0.06--0.15, P<0.01)]. There was no significant difference in the incidence of gastrointestinal adverse reaction between the two groups. Conclusion The current clinical evidences show that rosuvastatin has a better effect on the treatment of hyperlipidemia, and has no adverse reactions.

The clinical observation on the influence of combined use of allopurinol and warfarin on the INR of chronic permanent atrial fibrillation hyperuricemia patients / 中国生化药物杂志

Objective To investigate influence of combined use of allopurinol and warfarin on the INR of chronic permanent atrial fibrillation hyperuricemia patients. Methods 80 cases of patients with chronic atrial fibrillation complicated with hyperuricemia, in Sanmen County People's Hospital from February 2016 to February 2017 were randomly divided into the control group (n=40) and the observation group (n=40), the control group was given warfarin plus low purine diet treatment, the observation group was given additional Allopurinol treatment. Changes of INR were compared. Results There was no statistical significance in INR level before treatment between the two groups of patients with permanent atrial fibrillation complicated with chronic hyperuricemia. The INR level of the control group was not changed after treatment, the observation group increased significantly after treatment, and there was statistical significance between the two groups (P<0.05). There were no bleeding events in the control group, there were 6 cases of the observation group with minor bleeding and subcutaneous ecchymosis, including 2 cases with fecal occult blood, 1 cases with hematuria, nasal hemorrhage . The change of liver and kidney function was not obvious. Conclusion In application of allopurinol treatment plus warfarin for patients with chronic persistent atrial fibrillation and hyperuricemia patients, , INR need to be regularly monitored, in order to provide reference for Warfarin dosage adjustment, and ensure clinical safety.

The clinical observation on the influence of combined use of allopurinol and warfarin on the INR of chronic permanent atrial fibrillation hyperuricemia patients / 中国生化药物杂志

Objective To investigate influence of combined use of allopurinol and warfarin on the INR of chronic permanent atrial fibrillation hyperuricemia patients. Methods 80 cases of patients with chronic atrial fibrillation complicated with hyperuricemia, in Sanmen County People's Hospital from February 2016 to February 2017 were randomly divided into the control group (n=40) and the observation group (n=40), the control group was given warfarin plus low purine diet treatment, the observation group was given additional Allopurinol treatment. Changes of INR were compared. Results There was no statistical significance in INR level before treatment between the two groups of patients with permanent atrial fibrillation complicated with chronic hyperuricemia. The INR level of the control group was not changed after treatment, the observation group increased significantly after treatment, and there was statistical significance between the two groups (P<0.05). There were no bleeding events in the control group, there were 6 cases of the observation group with minor bleeding and subcutaneous ecchymosis, including 2 cases with fecal occult blood, 1 cases with hematuria, nasal hemorrhage . The change of liver and kidney function was not obvious. Conclusion In application of allopurinol treatment plus warfarin for patients with chronic persistent atrial fibrillation and hyperuricemia patients, , INR need to be regularly monitored, in order to provide reference for Warfarin dosage adjustment, and ensure clinical safety.

Relationship of the preoperative neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio with clinicopathological features and prognosis of colorectal cancer in middle-aged and elderly patients / 中华老年医学杂志

Objective To evaluate the relationship of preoperative neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) with clinicopathological features and prognosis of colorectal cancer in middle-aged and elderly patients.Methods A retrospective analysis was performed in 212 patients with colorectal cancer in the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University from January 2011 to June 2013.All patients were divided into middle-aged group (46-65 year old,n=130) and old-aged group (66-89 year old,n=82),The optimal cut-off point of NLR was identified by the area under receiver operating characteristic curve,while NLR ＞ 3.13 and NLR≤3.13 were classified as high and low NLR group.The clinicopathological features and prognosis between the two groups were compared.Results There was no difference in gender,tumor growth site,depth of invasion,tumor embolus,lymphatic metastasis,distant metastasis,TNM stage between low and high NLR group (allP＞ 0.05).However,the difference between high NLR group and low NLR group in old-aged group with diabetes mellitus was statistically significant (P＜0.05).The 1-,2-,and 3-year survival rate of the overall 212 patients were 96.2％ (204/212),87.7％ (186/212) and 74.5％ (158/212) In middle-aged group,the 1-,2-,and 3-year survival rates were 98.8％ (85/86),90.7％ (78/86) and 84.9％ (73/86) respectively in low NLR group,but 95.5％ (42/44),84.1％ (37/44) and 72.7％ (32/44) respectively in high NLR group,(allP＜0.05).In old-aged group,the 1-,2-,and 3-year survival rates were 95.7％ (44/46),89.1％ (41/46) and 73.9％ (34/46) respectively in low NLR group,but 91.7％ (33/ 36),83.3％ (30/36) and 52.8％ (19/36) respectively in high NLR group (all P＜0.05).Cox regression showed that TNM stage and NLR were independent risk factors for the prognosis of the middle-aged and elderly patients with colorectal cancer (P＜0.05 or P＜0.01).Conclusions Preoperative NLR ＞ 3.13 suggest that the prognosis is poor in middle-aged and elderly patients with colorectal cancer.

Signal transduction pathway of ursolic acid inhibiting COX-2 expression in gastric cancer cells / 中国药理学通报

Aim Our previous study has found that ur-solic acid( UA) increased intracellular reactive oxygen species ( ROS ) production and adenosine monophos-phate-activated protein kinase ( AMPK ) phosphoryla-tion, inhibited signal transducer and activator of tran-scription 3 ( STAT3 ) phosphorylation and cyclooxygen-ase-2 ( COX-2 ) expression in gastric cancer cells . However , the molecular mechanism by which UA in-hibits COX-2 expression in gastric cancer cells has not been fully clarified .In this study we aimed to further clarify the signal transduction pathways involved in the UA-mediated inhibition of COX-2 expression in gastric cancer cells .Methods Human gastric cancer cell lines SGC-7901 and MKN-45 were routinely cultured in RPMI-1640 medium supplemented with 10% heat-in-activated fetal calf serum .Sub-confluent cell cultures were pre-treated with antioxidant N-acetylcysteine ( NAC) , AMPK activator 5-amino-4-imida-zolecarbox-amide-riboside ( AICAR ) , AMPK inhibitor compound C, or STAT3 inhibitor WP1066 and then treated with or without UA for 24 h.The expression of AMPK and phosphorylated AMPK ( p-AMPK ) , STAT3 and phos-phorylated STAT3 ( p-STAT3 ) , as well as COX-2 was detected by Western blot analysis .Results Antioxi-dant NAC and AMPK inhibitor compound C blocked UA-induced inhibition of STAT 3 phosphorylation and down-regulation of COX-2 expression in gastric cancer cells.Both AMPK activator AICAR and UA inhibited STAT3 phosphorylation and COX-2 expression; the combination of two drugs resulted in further reduction . STAT3 inhibitor WP1066 did not affect UA-induced AMPK phosphorylation , whereas it inhibited STAT3 phosphorylation and COX-2 expression .The inhibitory effects on the STAT3 phosphorylation and COX-2 ex-pression were significantly enhanced when SGC-7901 and MKN-45 cells were treated simultaneously with WP1066 plus UA.Conclusion UA inhibits COX-2 expression in gastric cancer cells , which may be medi-ated through ROS/AMPK/STAT3 signal transduction pathway .

Improvement of postpartum pelvic floor by rehabilitation training assessed with transperineal real -time ultrasound / 中华超声影像学杂志

Objective To investigate the improvement of postpartum pelvic floor by rehabilitation training assessed with three-dimensional transperineal ultrasound . Methods One hundred cases of healthy postpartum women were randomly divided into two groups :control group and training group .The control group received the customary education ,and the training group received pelvic floor rehabilitation training . At 6 and 12 weeks postpartum ,levator hiatus area ,thickness of the levator ani muscle ,bladder neck mobility ,and bladder posterior horn were measured with three-dimensional transperineal ultrasound in all the subjects . Meanwhile ,the muscle strength situations were tested . Results At 12 weeks postpartum ,the anal levator hiatal area ,bladder neck mobility and bladder posterior horn in the training group were lower than those of the control group[ ( 21 .6 ± 3 .2) cm 2 vs ( 25 .6 ± 2 .4 ) cm 2 ,( 27 .9 ± 5 .3) mm vs ( 31 .5 ± 5 .9) mm ,( 126 .3 ± 21 .2)° vs (135 .3 ± 11 .6)°] ( P < 0 .05) . Compared with control group ,the thickness of the levator ani muscle increased in training group [ ( 13 .6 ± 2 .3) mm vs ( 15 .3 ± 2 .5) mm ] ( P < 0 .05) . The incidence of stress urinary incontinence in the training group ( 5% ) was significantly lower than the control group ( 12 .5% ) at 12 weeks postpartum ( χ2 = 5 .487 , P = 0 .025) . The muscle strength had no significant difference at 6 weeks postpartum . At 12 weeks postpartum ,the pass rate of class Ⅰ muscle fiber was 78 .5% ,and that of class Ⅱ muscle fiber was 83 .3% in the training group ;the pass rate of class Ⅰ muscle fiber was 28 .5% ,and class Ⅱ muscle fiber was 37 .3% in the control group , the improvement was significant at 12 weeks postpartum . Conclusions The result of the transperineal real-time ultrasonographic evaluation of post-natal pelvic floor rehabilitation training has high consistency with the measurement of muscle strength . The ultrasound examination is simple and accurate ,and has highly applicable value in evaluating the effect of post-pelvic rehabilitation training .

Comparison of nasojejunal tube insertion and percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy for enteral nutrition in elderly patients / 中华老年医学杂志

Objective To evaluate the clinical application of enteral nutrition by nasojejunal tube insertion and by percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) in elderly patients.Methods A total of 65 elderly patients with dysphagia recruited at our department from January 2010 to November 2014 were divided into the nasojejunal tube feeding group (35 cases) and the PEG feeding group (30 cases).Differences between these two groups in nutritional indexes,immunological indexes,complications and mortality were analyzed retrospectively.Results Serum total protein,albumin and prealbumin and upper arm circumferences all increased after treatment with nasojejunal tube feeding or percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (P＞0.05).There was overall improvement in nutritional status,as assessed by Nutritional Risk Screening 2002 (NRS2002).Specifically,the before/one month-after-treatment ratio of scores was 3.72±0.91/1.90±0.61 (t=7.24,P＜0.01) for the nasojejunal tube feeding group and 3.52±1.23/2.02±0.53 (t=4.17,P＜0.01) for the PEG feeding group.Compared with NRS2002 scores at one month post-operation,further improvement was achieved at 3 months postoperation both for the nasojejunal tube feeding group (1.89±0.65,t=5.21,P＜0.01) and for the PEG feeding group (1.91±0.62,t=4.40,P＜0.01).There was no difference in the indexes of nutrition,immune status or mortality between the two groups (P＞0.05).Although improvement in CD3+,CD4+,CD8+,CD4+/CD8+,IgA,IgG,and IgM was seen in both groups after operation,the differences did not reach statistical significance (P＞0.05).The incidence of aspiration pneumonia was notably lower (P＜0.05) while the incidence of diarrhea was much higher (P＜0.05) in the nasojejunal tube feeding group than in the PEG feeding group at one month and three months.The two groups had similar causes of death and mortality rates.Conclusion Both nasojejunal tube and PEG feeding can improve the nutritional status of elderly patients with dysphagia.However,the choice for the route of nutrition should be individualized.