RESUMO
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) and metabolic disorders are major components of noncommunicable diseases, causing an enormous health and economic burden worldwide. There are common risk factors and developmental mechanisms among them, indicating the far-reaching significance in exploring the corresponding therapeutic targets. MST1/2 kinases are well-established proapoptotic effectors that also bidirectionally regulate autophagic activity. Recent studies have demonstrated that MST1/2 influence the outcome of cardiovascular and metabolic diseases by regulating immune inflammation. In addition, drug development against them is in full swing. In this review, we mainly describe the roles and mechanisms of MST1/2 in apoptosis and autophagy in cardiovascular and metabolic events as well as emphasis on the existing evidence for their involvement in immune inflammation. Moreover, we summarize the latest progress of pharmacotherapy targeting MST1/2 and propose a new mode of drug combination therapy, which may be beneficial to seek more effective strategies to prevent and treat CVDs and metabolic disorders.
RESUMO
High resolution magnetic resonance imaging (HRMRI) has become an indispensable tool for multidisciplinary teams addressing locally advanced rectal cancer.Preoperative HRMRI is accurate in predicting tumor stage and poor prognostic features,such as circumferential resection margin and extramural venous invasion,et al.HRMRI is a precise diagnostic tool to select who may benefit from neo-adjuvant therapy and to avoid over treatment in those patients who can proceed directly to surgery,thus achieving better prognosis and quality of life for patients with locally advanced rectal cancer.