Practical demonstration of X-ray film images for experimental teaching of the medical imaging technology in undergraduates / 中华医学教育探索杂志

Objective:To study the application value of practical demonstration of actual X-ray film images in the experimental teaching of radiography technology courses in medical imaging undergraduates.Methods:A total of 63 medical imaging undergraduates of Grade 2015 were randomly divided into three groups to receive part of the experimental courses about chest and abdomen radiography examination. Their pre-class work and machine were the same. As the experimental group, group A and group B added demonstration with X ray film images, while group C (control group) did not. The different teaching effects of the two methods were evaluated by simulate practical assessment and quiz. The accepting degree of demonstration method was evaluated in accordance with questionnaire survey.Results:The scores of simulated practical assessment (7.36±1.39) and quiz (4.24±2.01) in experimental group were significantly higher than those of (6.05±1.28) and (3.10±1.48) in the control group, with a statistically significant difference ( P<0.01, P=0.024). Questionnaire survey showed that the experimental group were 100% accepted practical demonstration of X ray film images. Conclusion:The application of practical demonstration of X-ray film images in radiology technology experimental courses can help undergraduates to accept new knowledge, deepen impression on knowledge and improve teaching effect, which is worth developing and popularizing.

Evaluation of common inspection techniques for acute atlantoaxial trauma / 中华创伤骨科杂志

Objective To evaluate and compare the 3 common inspection techniques for acute atlantoaxial trauma:tomosynthesis(DTS),digital radiology(DR) and computed tomography(CT).Methods The imaging data from March 2013 through December 2017 were retrieved from the Picture Archiving and Communication Systems(PACS) of The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University concerning the patients with acute atlantoaxial trauma.Selected for this study were 50 DTS images(DTS group),50 CT images(CT group) and 50 DR images(DR group).The image diagnoses for the 3 groups were conducted by 2 senior radiologists and their judgments were compared with the definite clinical diagnoses.The 3 groups were compared in terms of diagnostic accuracy,diagnostic rate of acute atlantoaxial trauma,image quality and effective radiation dosage.Results DR was insignificantly different from DTS or CT in diagnostic accuracy for the acute atlantoaxial Irauma which had been caused by mild violence like spraining and falling(P>0.05),but significantly inferior to both DTS and CT in diagnostic accuracy and diagnostic rate of the acute atlantoaxial trauma which had been caused by severe violence like traffic accident(P<0.05).In detection of atlas/axial fracture and atlantoaxial dislocation,DTS was slightly weaker than CT but significantly better than DR(P<0.05).The image quality scores for CT group(4.60±0.11) and DTS group(4.16±0.15) were significantly higher than that for DR group(2.80±0.18)(P<0.05).In average effective radiation dosage,CT group(2.33±0.020 mSv/time) was the highest,followed by DTS group(0.61±0.076 mSv/time) and DR group(0.025±0.003 mSv/time),showing significant differences between any two(P<0.05).Conclusions DR technique may be used for inspection of the atlantoaxial acute trauma caused by mild violence like spraining and falling,but has little value for inspection of most cases of atlantoaxial acute trauma.DTS technique may be the first choice for inspection of most atlantoaxial acute trauma.CT should be applied as a further inspection for complex cases because of its highest diagnostic accuracy and highest effective radiation dosage.

Clinical characteristics and treatment of cytomegalovirus retinitis in leukemia / 中华眼底病杂志

Objective To observe the clinical characteristics and treatment of cytomegalovirus retinitis (CMVR) in leukemia patients.Methods This is a retrospective analysis. Seven leukemia patients (13 eyes) with CMVR were studied. All patients underwent examinations of visual acuity, slit lamp microscope, ophthalmoscope, color fundus photography, peripheral blood CD4+T cell count and serum/aqueous CMV-DNA test. All patients were treated with ganciclovir or zoledronic acid combined with intravitreal injection of ganciclovir. The follow-up period was 3-14 months.Results Six patients were treated with hematopoietic stem cell transplantation and 1 patient was with chronic leukemia. All patients were CMV-DNA positive for serum, and 18.5％ (2/7) for aqueous humor. CMVR in leukemia patients showed mild anterior segment inflammation, ocular fundus with irregular yellowish-white retinal necrosis and radial hemorrhage (7 eyes). Some (2 eyes) also shoed gray and white granular retinal infiltrates. Intravenous ganciclovir/zoledronic acid combined with intravitreal injection of high concentration ganciclovir was an effective treatment, while systemic corticosteroids were effective in reducing vitreous opacity.Conclusions CMVR is characterized by progressive necrotic retinitis with hemorrhage and vasculitis. Intravenous ganciclovir/zoledronic acid combined with intravitreal injection of ganciclovir is effective in the treatment of CMVR with leukemia.

Diagnostic value of magnetic resonance imaging conventional sequences and diffusion weighted imaging in polycystic ovary syndrome / 中华内分泌外科杂志

Objective To investigate the diagnostic value of magnetic resonance imaging(MRI) conventional sequences and diffusion weighted imaging (DWI) in polycystic ovary syndrome(PCOS).Methods 75 patients with clinical-confirmed PCOS and 46 healthy women in Yuyao Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital from Oct.2016 to Apr.2018 were selected.All the subjects received MRI conventional sequences and DWI examination.The size of ovary and number of follicles were observed,and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values in ovarian stroma were measured.The ovarian morphologic changes and ADC values between the two groups were compared.Results The volume of ovary and number of follicles in the control group were (6.6±1.5)cm3 and 6.9±1.8,the difference was statistically significant compared with that in PCOS group [(11.8±2.8)cm3,13.6±3.6)](P＜0.05).ADC value in ovarian stroma in PCOS group was reduced,and the difference was also statistically significant compared with that in the control group(P＜0.05).The sensitivity and specificity of diagnosing PCOS with ADC threshold of 1.39×10-3 mm2/s were 82.2％ and 68.9％,respectively.Conclusion MRI conventional sequences and DWI are helpful in diagnosis of PCOS,which has important significance for the clinical treatment and prognosis evaluation.

CT and MRI Diagnosis of Ovarian Dysgerminoma / 中国医学影像学杂志

Purpose Ovarian dysgerminoma has no specific symptoms or physical signs, which is thus prone to misdiagnosis before treatment. This paper aims to investigate CT and MRI clinical features of ovarian dysgerminoma, so as to provide an accurate basis for its clinical treatment and also improve patients'' life, quality.Materials and MethodsThe CT and MRI data of 13 patients with ovarian dysgerminoma proved by pathology were retrospectively analyzed. Three patients underwent plain and enhanced CT scan, 6 took plain and enhanced MRI scan on T1WI and T2WI with different angles of views, and 4 other patients were performed both CT and MRI scan.Results①Twelve patients had single lesions, and 1 was bilateral multiple ones. The diameter of the lesions ranged from 5.5 cm to 16.5 cm, with mean of (9.5±3.8) cm; in terms of pathological type, 11 belonged to single type and 2 were mixed.②The CT results showed that 6 were solid mass and 1 was cystic. On enhanced CT scan, 6 cases showed heterogeneous light-to-moderate enhancement, 4 had tumors with significantly enhanced blood vessels, and 1 showed heterogeneous significant enhancement at arterial phase; all cases presented continuous enhancement at venous phase.③The MRI manifestations demonstrated 8 were with solid mass, which displayed iso- or slightly hypointense signal on T1WI, and iso- or slightly hyperintense signal on T2WI. The enhanced scan showed that 5 cases had heterogeneous mild enhancement, 3 had moderate enhancement, and 4 were seen with tortuous tumor vessels at arterial phase; all displayed continuous enhancement at venous phase. In the one case of cystic mass, solid component had moderate enhancement at arterial phase and continuous enhancement at venous phase. In another case of multilocular cystic mass, the tumor separate and cyst were significantly enhanced at arterial phase, and were continuous enhanced with hyperintense at venous phase.Conclusion Ovarian dysgerminoma tumors present features such as large lesions with clear boundaries. Tumors of single type are likely to be solid mass with central necrosis; the plain CT scan shows isodensity; the plain MRI scan mainly shows isodensity on T1WI, and iso- or slight hyperintensity on T2WI; the enhanced scan presents slight to moderate enhancement. Tumors of mixed type demonstrate cystic mass; the solid and separate parts are significantly enhanced. The comprehensive analysis of imaging features of ovarian neoplasms could help to make a correct diagnosis before surgery.

Alberta stroke program early CT score on diffusion -w eighted imaging predicts new cerebral microbleeds in patients w ith acute middle cerebral artery infarction / 国际脑血管病杂志

Objective To investigate the predictive value of Alberta stroke program early CT score on diffusion-w eighted imaging (DWI-ASPECTS) for predicting new cerebral microbleeds (CMBs) in patients w ith acute middle cerebral artery infarction. Methods The patients w ith acute middle cerebra artery infarction w ere enroled prospectively. MRI examinations w ere completed w ithin 48 h on admission and they w ere examined again at 10 to 14 d after onset. Susceptibility-w eighted imaging (SWI) w as use to detect CMBs. DWI-ASPECTS w as used to assess the infarction extent. Results A total of 82 patients w ith acute middle cerebra artery infarction w ere enroled, including 27 females and 55 females. Their ages w ere 71.7 ± 8.9 years. Eighteen patients (22.0%) had old CMBs, 25 (30.5%) had new CMBs, 57 (69.5%) did not have new CMBs. Compared w ith the non-new CMB group, DWI-SPECTS (3.20 ±1.73 vs.7.11 ±1.69;t = 9.573, P 5), the risk of new CMBs w ould decrease 86 % (odds ratio 0.14, 95%confidence interval 0.17 -0.48; P < 0.001). Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis show ed that the sensitivity of prediction of DWI-ASPECTS ≤5 for the new CMBs w as 87.7%, specificity w as 88.3%, and the area under the curve w as 0.940. Conclusions DWI-ASPECTS can effectively predict the new CMBs in patients w ith acute middle cerebra artery infarction.

A study about the radiation dose of full field digital mammography in different AOP mode / 重庆医学

Objective To study the method of selecting appropriate exposure parameter of AOP mode and reducing the radiation dose effective with the control of image quality .Methods The unique mammary phantom was mammography in three different AOP mode(DOSE mode ,STD mode and CNT mode) and compared the radiation dose .150 sample was selected randomly .50 sample each mode ,and recorded the radiation dose .All image reach the diagnostic standard .The mean dose of the each mode were computed and compared with others .Results whatever the phantom mammography and the sample mammography ,the mean dose in DOSE mode was lowest ,higher in STD mode ,and highest in CNT mode .The number of fiber cords ,mass and calcification fit the standard of quality control .The image of sample aslo fit the diagnostic standard .Conclusion In daily work ,we can lower the dose choosing appropriate mode according to the thickness and density of mammary .DOSE mode prior ,STD mode advocate limit to CNT mode .

Discussion of the correlation between CT imaging characteristics and prognosis of patients with cerebral hemorrhage / 中国基层医药

Objective To study the correlation between CT imaging characteristics and prognosis of patients with cerebral hemorrhage.Methods CT imaging characteristics of 116 cerebral hemorrhage patients were analyzed,and the correlation between CT imaging characteristics of patients with cerebral hemorrhage and prognosis was studied.Results 29 cases died,and the mortality was 25.0％.The mortality of patients was obviously higher along with the increasing of translocation distance of midline (r =0.9785,P ＜ 0.05).The mortality of patients was obviously higher along with the increasing of the hematoma (r =0.9895,P ＜ 0.05).The mortality of patients who suffered from cerebral hemorrhage and breaking into ventricle was 35.5％,which was obviously higher than that of patients suffered from cerebral hemorrhage but not breaking into ventricle(x2 =3.81,P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Translocation distance of midline,hematoma quantity,bleeding location and the mortality of patients have positive correlation.

Effects of ligustrazine on extracellular dopamine levels in rat brain dialysate / 药学学报

Using brain microdialysis and LC-ECD, the content of dopamine in rat brain was detected to investigate the effects of ligustrazine. A liquid chromatography-electrochemical detector method has been established and validated for the determination of dopamine in rat brain dialysate. The results indicate that ligustrazine administration by subcutaneous injection significantly increased dopamine release in rat medial prefrontal cortex, nucleus accumbens and hippocampus in a dose-related manner. The drug's effects on dopa release in rat brain could be directly detected by microdialysis combined with HPLC-ECD and this method has the preponderance over traditional neurology methods.

Application of Functional Nanomaterials in Food Safety / 分析化学

The fast development of nanomaterials supplies the theory basis and technique support to solve the problems in the field of food safety detection. By the combination with the functional nanomaterials and traditional detection methods, novel detection methods with higher sensitivity, high throughput and rapid detection time could be developed, which attracted much attention in the detection of microorganism, chemical residues and biological toxins. In this article, we summarize the recent progress of the application of the main functional nanomaterials in food safety.