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ObjectiveTo establish a mouse model of basilar artery dolichoectasia （BAD） and explore the mechanism of modified Tongqiao Huoxuetang （JTQHX） in regulating BAD via phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase （PI3K）/protein kinase B （Akt） pathway. MethodSixty C57/BL6 female mice were randomized into sham operation （injected with 10 U·mL-1 inactivate elastase）， model， atorvastatin calcium tablets （2.6 mg·kg·d-1）， and low- and high-dose （crude drug 3.4， 17 g·kg-1·d-1， respectively） JTQHX groups. The mouse model of BAD was established by injection with 10 U·mL-1 elastase. After 14 days of modeling， the sham operation group and model group were administrated with equal volumes of pure water by gavage， and other groups with corresponding drugs for 2 months. The levels of interleukin-6 （IL-6） and calpain （LpA） in the serum were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA）. Verhoeff 's Van Gieson （EVG） staining was employed to observe the pathological changes of blood vessels. Terminal-deoxynucleotidyl transferase mediated nick end labeling （TUNEL） was employed to examine the apoptosis rate of vascular smooth muscle cells （VSMCs）. Image Pro Plus was used to observe and calculate the curvature index， elongation length， percentage increase in vessel diameter， and curvature angle of the basilar artery vessels in mice. Western blot was employed to determine the expression levels of PI3K and Akt in the vascular tissue. ResultCompared with the sham operation group， the model group showed lowered IL-6 level （P<0.01）， no significant change in LpA level， increased apoptosis of VSMCs （P<0.01）， and increased curvature index， elongation length， percentage increase in vessel diameter， and curvature angle （P<0.01）. Furthermore， the modeling up-regulated the protein levels of PI3K and Akt in blood vessels （P<0.01） and aggravated the destruction of the inner elastic layer， atrophy of the muscular layer， and hyaline changes in the connective tissue of the medial membrane of the basilar artery wall. Compared with the model group， 2 months of treatment with JTQHX elevated the IL-6 level （P<0.01）， reduced the apoptosis of VSMCs （P<0.01）， decreased the curvature index， elongation length， percentage increase in vessel diameter， and curvature angle （P<0.05， P<0.01）， and down-regulated the protein levels of PI3K and Akt in blood vessels （P<0.01）. In addition， the treatment alleviated the destruction of the inner elastic layer， atrophy of the muscular layer， and hyaline changes in the connective tissue of the medial membrane of the basilar artery wall. ConclusionJTQHX inhibits the elongation， expansion， and curvature of basilar artery vessels and alleviates the pathological changes by reducing the apoptosis of VSMCs and down-regulating the expression of PI3K/Akt pathway.
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Cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury （CIRI） is a complex cascade reaction process in which the blood flow and oxygen supply of brain tissue in the infarcted area recover after cerebral ischemia， resulting in secondary injury of ischemic brain tissue. At present， thrombolysis as soon as possible and restoration of cerebral blood supply are still the only strategies for the treatment of stroke， but a considerable number of patients' symptoms will be more serious after reperfusion， making patients face adverse outcomes such as neurological function injury and even death and seriously affecting the quality of life and safety of patients. Therefore， an in-depth exploration of the mechanism and treatment strategy of CIRI has important clinical significance. The phosphatidylinositol 3- kinase （PI3K）/protein kinase B （Akt） signaling pathway is one of the classic anti-apoptosis/reproductive-promoting signal transduction pathways， which is responsible for cell proliferation， growth， and differentiation. It is the key cascade signaling pathway of CIRI， located at the core site in many mechanisms such as mitochondrial disorder， apoptosis， autophagy， oxidative stress， and inflammation. It is closely related to the occurrence and development of CIRI. Traditional Chinese medicine has been used in the clinical treatment of stroke and its complications for thousands of years， and the clinical effect of traditional Chinese medicine in the prevention and treatment of CIRI has been affirmed by a large number of research results in recent years. It is further clarified that the monomers， active components， and their compound prescriptions of traditional Chinese medicine can directly or indirectly regulate the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway by virtue of the biological advantages of multi-targets， multi-components， and multi-pathways and play an overall protective role in CIRI. By analyzing the related research progress of traditional Chinese medicine in China and abroad in recent years， the authors summarized the role and mechanism of regulating the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway in the prevention and treatment of CIRI， so as to provide further theoretical basis for the study of the mechanism of clinical prevention and treatment of CIRI.
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Parkinson's disease （PD） is a common neurological degenerative disease in the middle-aged and elderly， characterized by pathological changes of progressive degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra and Lewy body formation， with high prevalence and long course of disease. The drug is mainly used to treat PD in western medicine， and the early curative effect is remarkable. However， with the progression of the disease and the long-term use of the drug， the efficacy will be significantly reduced， or there may be sports complications， and the long-term efficacy is not good. As a traditional medical system， traditional Chinese medicine has a unique understanding of PD. Traditional Chinese medicine plays an important role in the treatment of PD， which is natural， mild， safe， and effective， and it can cooperate with western medicine to enhance its efficacy and reduce the adverse reactions of western medicine. The pathogenesis of PD is complex， involving multiple levels such as mitochondrial dysfunction and apoptosis. Neuroinflammation is also involved in the progressive degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in PD. The Toll-like receptor 4 （TLR4）/nuclear factor-κB （NF-κB） signaling pathway is a classic inflammatory pathway， and its expression changes play an important role in the occurrence and development of inflammatory response in the body. In recent years， the research on this pathway in TCM is increasing. This paper summarized the literature of traditional Chinese and western medicine in the past 10 years and reviewed the relevant mechanism of TCM regulation of TLR4/NF-κB pathway in the treatment of PD from the aspects of TCM monomer， compound， and other TCM therapies， so as to provide some references for the search for new targets of drug therapy and gene therapy and the in-depth study of TCM prevention and treatment of PD.
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Alzheimer's disease （AD） is a neurodegenerative disease associated with aging and age-related cognitive decline. It is characterized by insidious onset and progressive development， and has become a major global health and socioeconomic issue. The exact mechanisms underlying AD have not been fully elucidated， and various hypotheses have been proposed by researchers based on different etiologies， including the amyloid β （Aβ） cascade hypothesis， Tau protein hyperphosphorylation hypothesis， mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress hypothesis， and neurotransmitter hypothesis. Therefore， there is an urgent need for comprehensive interventions targeting multiple pathways， links， and targets. Based on traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） theory and modern research findings， kidney-tonifying and anti-aging Chinese medicines have unique advantages of toxicity reduction， long-lasting effects， and treating both the root cause and the symptoms. They have been shown to counteract immune-inflammatory responses， clear reactive oxygen species， exhibit antioxidant properties， inhibit abnormal aggregation of Aβ and Tau proteins， reduce neuronal apoptosis， regulate central neurotransmitters， and modulate gut microbiota in AD. In recent years， stem cell therapy has been explored for the treatment of AD through two strategies： endogenous activation and exogenous transplantation， thereby replenishing and replacing damaged neurons. However， factors such as blood-brain barrier permeability， targeted delivery to the affected area， immune rejection， and cell survival rate can affect the efficacy of stem cell transplantation. Therefore， combining stem cell therapy with medication and other methods can further enhance the effectiveness of stem cell transplantation. Kidney-tonifying and anti-aging Chinese medicines can activate dormant neural stem cells（NSCs） in the body， promote neuroregeneration， and facilitate tissue and organ repair and reconstruction in AD. The combined treatment of these Chinese medicines and stem cell transplantation has shown more significant efficacy compared to either treatment alone. This combination therapy provides a new integration point for the modernization of TCM and offers new ideas and approaches for the prevention and treatment of AD， as well as improving the effectiveness of stem cell transplantation.
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Stroke is one of the major diseases threatening human health， with ischemic stroke accounting for about 70%. Ischemic stroke is characterized by complex pathological mechanism and high incidence， mobility and mortality. At present， the effective clinical treatment measures for ischemic stroke are limited， and it is urgent to develop new and effective treatment measures to improve the prognosis of patients. In recent years， bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells （BMSCs） transplantation has shown great therapeutic potential for a variety of diseases， including ischemic stroke， and has become a new research hotspot. However， due to the low homing and survival rate of BMSCs in human body after transplantation， their clinical effect on ischemic stroke needs to be further improved. With the characteristics of multi-components， multi-channels and multi-targets， Chinese medicine displays desirable curative effect on ischemic stroke， which has been widely concerned. Both Chinese medicine and BMSCs transplantation have good overall brain protection， and their combined effect on ischemic stroke is significantly better than that of single application. The mechanisms include improving the transplantation efficiency of BMSCs， promoting angiogenesis， enhancing neuroplasticity， ameliorating neuroinflammation， enhancing neuroprotection， and regulating the blood-brain barrier and exosomes. The combination of Chinese medicine and modern cutting-edge cell therapy reflects the advantages of integrative medicine， providing a new model and idea for preventing and treating ischemic stroke and improving the efficacy of BMSCs transplantation.
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Objective:To assess the association between the different prehospital transfer pathways to the hospital and reperfusion delay in patients with ST segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI).Methods:We retrospective collected 320 STEMI patients aged 18 years or older who underwent primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PPCI) from June 1, 2016 to July 31, 2018. They were divided into three groups according to different prehospital transfer pathways: patients directly transferred from the field by ambulance to PCI-capable center hospital (field transfer group, n=29); patients transferred by ambulance from PCI-incapable hospitals to PCI-capable center hospital (inerhospital transfer group, n=111); patients transferred by friends or relatives to PCI-capable center hospital (self-transfer group, n=180). The basic characteristic attributes, reperfusion time and fatal complications such as acute left heart failure cases (ALHF) cases, ventricular fibrillation (VF) cases, and in hospital death were collected and compared. In addition, logistic regression analysis was used to analyze uni- and multivariate of door-to-balloon (D2B) time less than 90 min. Results:The S2FMC interval were 118 min (50, 377) min , FMC-to-balloon interval were 87 min (66, 120.5) min and the onset-to-balloon time were 221 min (135, 482.5) min. The above three interval in the interhospital transfer group were longer than those in the field transfer and self-transfer groups ( P<0.05). S2FMC accounted for 51.14% of onset-to-balloon time in the field transfer group, 63.29% in the interhospital transfer group and 55.26% in the self transfer group. The door-to-catheter room interval were 33 min (9, 53.5) min. The interval in the interhospital transfer group were shorter than those in the field transfer and self-transfer groups ( P<0.05). The interval in the self-transfer group were longer than those in the interhospital transfer and field transfer groups ( P<0.05). Multiple regression analysis showed that the interhospital transfer group ( OR=15.251, 95% CI: 5.328-43.657, P<0.01), field transfer group ( OR=8.219, 95% CI: 1.861-36.307, P=0.005), FMC2ECG time ( OR=0.975, 95% CI: 0.962-0.989, P<0.01), and smoking ( OR=2.099, 95% CI: 1.015-4.341, P=0.045) were independent predictor of goal time less than 90 min ( P<0.05 for all variables). Adverse events in STEMI patients mainly occurred within 6 h of the initial symptoms. The incidence of VF was 3.75% (95% CI: 3.73%-3.77%), ALHF was 10.94% (95% CI: 7.52%-14.36%) and in-hospital mortality was 2.5% (95% CI: 0.79%-4.21%). There was no significant difference in the incidence of adverse events among the three groups ( P>0.05). Conclusions:The symptoms of STEMI patients are at risk in the early stage. Ambulances can shorten the reperfusion time, but the ambulance system is less used by patients. It is necessary to further optimize the treatment process of non-PCI hospitals and strengthen the popularity of emergency knowledge related to chest pain among residents, so as to shorten the reperfusion time.
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BACKGROUND:Previous studies have found that combined use of Buyang Huanwu decoction and bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel (BMSC) transplantation can play a synergic role against cerebral ischemia injury. OBJECTIVE:To analyze the effect of Buyang Huanwu decoction combined with BMSC transplantation to promote angiogenesis after cerebral ischemia. METHODS:Ninety-six Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into four groups, and used to make middle cerebral artery occlusion models. In combined group, rats were given intragastrical administration of Buyang Huanwu decoction 10 mL/kg once a day, beginning at 3 days prior to modeling, and then given intragastrical administration of Buyang Huanwu decoction once at 2 hours after modeling, fol owed by its intragastrical administration every 12 hours. In BMSC and combined groups, BMSC suspension was injected into the rat ventricle after 2-hour cerebral ischemia/2-hour reperfusion, and then 30 minutes later, CD34 and CD45 antibodies were injected. In antibody group, CD34 and CD45 antibodies were injected. In model group, only normal saline was given. SerumαVβ3 level detection, immunohistochemical observation, Q-PCR and western blot tests were performed in the combined group at 12, 24, 36, 48 hours after reperfusion, while these indices were detected in the other three groups at 36 hours after reperfusion. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1) The level of serumαVβ3 was lower in the antibody group than the model group (P<0.05), higher in the BMSC and combined groups than the antibody group (P<0.05), and higher in the combined group than the BMSC group (P<0.05). (2) Immunohistochemical findings showed that compared with the antibody group, the number of CD34 positive cel s was higher in the model, BMSC and combined groups (P<0.05). (3) Results from the Q-PCR and western blot assay showed that compared with the model group, the pFAK protein expression level was lower in the antibody and BMSC group, but FAK gene expression level had no overt changes;while the protein levels of FAK (24 hours after reperfusion) and pFAK (12 hours after reperfusion) were significantly increased in the combined group than the antibody and BMSC groups (P<0.05, P<0.01). Moreover, this increase exhibited a gradual y rising trend with the extension of reperfusion time. To conclude, the combined use of BMSC transplantation and Buyang Huanwu decoction can reverse the effect of CD34+CD45 antibodies that lead to the decrease in the number of vascular endothelial cel s and levels of integrinαVβ3 and downstream signaling molecules, thereby to promote angiogenesis in the MCAO model.
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BACKGROUND:When acute cerebral ischemia attacks, matrix metaloproteinases (MMPs) lead to the occurrence of cerebral edema through degrading the extracelular matrix, breaking the close connection between endothelial cels, increasing the permeability of capilaries, and destroying the blood brain barrier. OBJECTIVE: From the aspects of MMPs and extracelular matrix, to discuss the therapeutic effects ofbuyang huanwu decoction combined with bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel (BMSCs) transplantation on cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury. METHODS:A total of 96 Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into model group, tissue inhibitor of MMPs-1 (TIMP-1) group, TIMP-1+BMSCs group (BMSCs group) andbuyang huanwu decoction+BMSCs+TIMP-1 group (combined group that was divided into four subgroups, 12-, 24-, 36-, 48-hour groups). Rat models of cerebral ischemia-reperfusion were constructed, and TIMP-1 and BMSCs were injected to the brain of rats by a microinjector in a stereotaxic apparatus. Rats in the combined group were given buyang huanwu decoction (10 mL/kg), and rats in the other groups were given the same volume of normal saline at 7 days before surgery. After 10 days of administration, serum samples and brain tissues were colected to determine MMP-2 and MMP-9 levels using ELISA and to detect MMP-9 activity using gelatinases spectrometry method. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Compared with the model group, the levels of MMP-2 and MMP-9 in the serum and MMP-9 activity in the brain were decreased in the other groups to different extents, especialy the levels of MMP-9 (P < 0.05). Compared with the BMSCs group, the levels of MMP-2 and MMP-9 in serum as wel as activities of MMP-9 and pro-MMP-9 in the brain were decreased significantly in the combined group at 36 and 48 hours after treatment (P< 0.01). The results show that thebuyang huanwu decoction can be mutualy cooperated with TIMP-1 to inhibit the degradation of extracelular matrix induced by MMP-2 and MMP- 9, repair the damaged blood brain barrier, prevent and cure cerebral edema after ischemia.
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BACKGROUND: Previous studies have demonstrated that Yiqihuoxue recipe (Buyanghuanwu decoction) can inhibit cell apoptosis and antagonize free radical injury in cerebral ischemia/reperfusion models. However, there have been few reports regarding the effects of Yiqihuoxue recipe on stem cell differentiation. OBJECTIVE: To observe the effects of Yiqihuoxue recipe on the differentiation of rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) towards neurons. DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING: The present controlled observational expedment based on cells was performed at the Henan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, i.e., the Third-Grade Laboratory of the State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine between March 2006 and February 2008.MATERIALS: Twenty clean Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats, aged 1-2 months, weighing 100-150 g, of either gender, were included in this study. The Chinese medicine compound Yiqihuoxue recipe was made in the Manufacturing Laboratory of the First Affiliated Hospital of Henan College of Traditional Chinese Medicine as follows. 60 g Danggui (Radix Angelicae Sinensis), 30 g Taoren(Semen Persicae), 30 g Chuanxiong(Szechwan Lovage Rhizome) were selected and mixed in 720 mL water for extract volatile oil for later use. The remaining gruffs and extract were supplemented with 1 200 g Huangqi(Radix Astragali), 60 g Chishao (Radix Paeoniae Rubra), 30 g Dilong(Lumbricus), 30 g Honghua(Flos Carthami) before 920 mL water was added. After I hour of decoction and filtering, the gruffs were decocted for another 1 hour after adding 8 640 mL water. Then all decocted liquid was merged and condensed to 600 mL and mixed with 3 mL of volatile oil and tween-80. After high-temperature and high-pressure stedlization, the products were preserved for future use. 1 mL of drug was equal to 2.4 g raw herbs. METHODS: Bone marrow mononuclear cells were isolated by density gradient centrifugation. After culture, bone marrow MSCs were amplified and purified. Passage 10 cell suspension was inoculated into a 40 mm-diameter plastic culture dish. Dulbecco's modified eagle's medium supplemented with 0.1 volume fraction of fetal bovine serum and basic fibroblast growth factors was added for 24 hours of culture when adherent cells reached 60%-90% confluence in each group. Thereafter, the "Yiqihuoxue" group was incubated for 5 hours using medium containing DMSO, butylated hydroxyanisole, 13-mercaptoethanol, and Yiqihuoxue recipe; simultaneously, the control group was treated for 5 hours with fluid containing DMSO, butylated hydroxyanisole, and β- mercaptoethanol.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Identification of bone marrow MSCs by flow cytometry; Detection of Nestin-, and neuron specific enolase(NSE)-, and glial fibrillary acidic protein(GFAP)-positive expression by immunohistochemistry. RESULTS: Flow cytometery results demonstrated that cell surface marker CD90 and CD106 expression was positive, while CD45 and CD34 expression was negative. Immunohistochemistry results showed that the numbers of Nestin-positive cells (1 and 3 hours after induction) and NSE- and GFAP-positive cells (5 hours after induction) were significantly greater in the Yiqihuoxue group than in the control group (P < 0.01). CONCLUSION: Yiqihuoxue recipe can induce the differentiation of bone marrow MSCs towards neurons in vitro.
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BACKGROUND: Buyanghuanwu decoction is a kind of commonly used Chinese herb in clinic for ischemic cerebrovascular disease, but its mechanisms have been unknown.OBJECTIVE: To observe effect of Buyanghuanwu decoction and its decomposed formulas on the levels of nerve apoptotic cells and expressions of Bcl-2 and Bax of brain in the ischemia/reperfusion model of SD rats and its mechanisms, study the significance of formula compatibility.DESIGN: Randomized controlled animal experiment.SETTING: Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital, Henan College of Traditional Chinese Medicine.MATERIALS: The experiment was performed in 3rd Grade Laboratory of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Henan Academy of Chinese Medicine. Totally 60 clean-grade SD rats aged 4-5 months, male and female (half and half), with the body mass of 260-310 g in females and 280-330 g in males were employed in the experiment, provided by Shanghai SIPPR/BK Experimental Animal Co., Ltd. In blood activation group, 120 g danggui (Radix Angelicae Sinensis), 60 g taoren (Semen Persicae), 60 g chuanxiong (Szechwan Lovage Rhizome) were selected, and then water 1 440 mL was added and volatile oil was extracted for reserving. 120 g chishao (Radix Paeoniae Rubra), 60 g dilong (Lumbricus), 60 g honghua (Flos Carthami) and 1 440 mL water were added to the gruffs and extract, and then filtered after 1 hour decoction, added 2 880 mL water to the gruffs again, decocted for 1 hour and filtered. The decocted liquid was merged and condensed to 1 200 mL, and then we get it by adding volatile oil and tween -80 3 mL and misce bene. In huangqi (Radix Astragaliseu Hedysary) group, 1 200 g huangqi was selected and 7 200 mL water was added, decocted twice, every time for one hour, and then filtered and the decoction was merged, concentrated to 600 mL, obtained by addition of tween-80 2 mL. In Buyanghuanwu decoction group, 60 g danggui (Radix Angelicae Sinensis), 30 g taoren (Semen Persicae), 30 g chuanxiong (Szechwan Lovage Rhizome) were selected, 720 mL water was added, and volatile oil was extracted for reserving. 1 200 g huangqi (Radix Astragali),60 g chishao (Radix Paeoniae Rubra), 30 g dilong (Lumbricus), 30 ghonghua (Flos Carthami) and 920 mL water were added in the gruffs and extract, and then filtered after 1-hour decoction. 8 640 mL water was added in the gruffs again, decocted for 1 hour and filtered, and then the decocted liquid was merged and condensed to 600 mL, then we get it by adding volatile oil and tween -80 3 mL and misce bene (huangqi group and blood activation group was the decomposed formulas of Buyanghuanwu decoction group). The 1 mL drug in blood activation group was equal to 0.4g raw herbs, 1 mL huangqi (Radix Astragali) in the huangqi group to 2 g raw herbs, and the drug in the general formula group to 2.4 g raw herbs.METHODS: A total of 60 SD rats of clean grade were randomly assigned into sham operation group, model group, blood activation group, huangqi group and general formula group with 12 in eachgroup. The medicine was applied by gastric perfusion at the dosages of 8 g/kg, 40 g/kg and 48 g/kg in blood activation group, huangqi group and general formula group successively; and 20 mL/kg saline was applied in both sham operation group and model group. The models of cerebral ischemia/reperfusion were prepared by four vessel ligature method. Apoptotic cells were determined with TDT-mediated dUTP biotin nick ending labeling (TUNEL). Expressions of Bcl-2 protein and Bax protein were measured with immunohistochenical method.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: ①Comparison of apoptotic levels of neurons in brain tissues of SD rats in each group; ②Comparison of expressions of Bcl-2 and Bax positive cells in neurons of brain tissue of SD rats in each group.RESULTS: ①Comparison of neuron apoptotic level of brain tissues in SD rats of each group: Compared with the sham operation group, the apoptosis increased in other groups (t=6.07-11.70,P＜0.01). Compared with the model group, the apoptosis decreased in the blood activation group and huangqi group (t=2.71, 2.06, P＜0.05), and decreased obviously in the general formula group (t=5.34, P＜0.01 ). ②Comparison of Bcl-2 and Bax positive cells in the neurons of brain tissues in SD rats of each group:Compared with the sham operation group, the expression of Bcl-2 staining positive cells increased in the blood activation group, huangqi group and general formula group (t=4.59-8.82,P＜0.01 ), and the expression of Bax positive cells became very significant (t=4.59-8.55,P＜0.01 ). Compared with the model group, the expression of Bcl-2 staining positive cells increased in the blood activation group, huangqi group and general formula group (t=3.48-7.75,P＜0.01 ), and the expression of Bax positive cells decreased (t=3.83-5.88,P＜0.01 ). There was no significant difference between the blood activation group and huangqi group (P＞0.05). There were significant differences in the drug effect of general formula group with huangqi group and blood activation group (P＜0.01).CONCLUSION: Buyanghuanwu decoction and its decomposed formulas act on being against the cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury achieved by inhibiting cell apoptosis. Synergism of huangqi group and blood activation group leads to the strongest curative effect of general formula group.
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BACKGROUND: There are various mechanisms on the occurrence of cerebral vascular disorders,in which,free radical and lipid peroxidation have participated in the process of nerve cell injury after cerebral ischemia. Buyang huanwu tang is a kind of commonly used Chinese herb for the treatment of ischemic cerebral vascular disorders,but its mechanisms have been unknown.OBJECTIVE: To observe effect of buyang huanwu tang and its disassemble formulas on the levels of superoxide dismutase(SOD),malondialdehyde (MAD) and nitric oxide(NO) in serum and brain tissue in cerebral ischemic reperfusion model in rats,probe into its mechanisms and study on the significance of formula compatibility.DESIGN: Experimental study with randomized control based on experimental.animals.SETTING: Neurological internal department of one hospital affiliated to an institution of Chinese medicine.MATERIALS: The experiment was performed in 3rd Grade Experimental Room of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Henan Academy of Chinese Medicine. Sixty clean-grade SD rats were employed in the experiment,provided by Shanghai SIPPR/BK Experimental Animal Co. Ltd.INTERVENTIONS: Sixty rats were randomized into sham-operation group,model group,huangqi(Radix Astragali seu Hedysari) group and general formula group. The model of cerebral ischemic reperfusion in SD rats were prepared by four vessel ligature method,in which,the medicine was applied at the dosages of 8 g/kg,40 g/kg and 48 g/kg in blood activation group,huangqi(Radix Astragali seu Hedysari) group and general formula group successively; and physiological saline 20 mL/kg was applied in both sham-operation group and model group. Serum and homogenate in brain tissue were collected to assay SOD with xanthine oxidase method,MAD with thiobarbituric acid method and NO with nitrate reductase method.MAIN OUTCOME MEARSURES: Levels of SOD,MAD and NO in serum and brain tissue of rats in every group.RESULTS: The levels of MAD and NO in serum and brain tissue in model group were remarkably increased(P ＜ 0.001-0.05) and SOD was remarkably decreased(P ＜ 0.05,P ＜ 0.01) .In general formula group,huangqi (Radix Astragali seu Hedysari) group and blood activation group of disassemble formulas,the levels of MAD and NO were reduced and SOD was increased,for which,the action of general formula group was the strongest ( P＜ 0.01).CONCLUSION: Buyang huanwu tang and disassemble formulas act on being against the cerebral ischemic reperfusion injury achieved by anti-free radical.
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0.05).Compared with Radix Astragali and blood-activating drugs,Buyang Huanwu Decoction have notable effect(P