Mechanism of Shenqi Yiliu Prescription Combined with Cisplatin on H22 Liver Cancer-bearing Mice Based on NLRP3/Caspase-1/GSDMD Pyroptosis Pathway / 中国实验方剂学杂志

ObjectiveTo explore the anti-tumor effect and mechanism of Shenqi Yiliu prescription in the intervention of pyroptosis. MethodTen male BALB/c mice were randomly selected and assigned to the blank group. The remaining 40 mice underwent the induction of the liver cancer xenograft model. After 5 days of modeling， 40 surviving mice were randomly divided into model group， cisplatin group ［2.5×10-3 g·kg-1·（3 d）-1］， Shenqi Yiliu prescription group （27 g·kg-1·d-1）， and a combination group （Shenqi Yiliu prescription group + cisplatin）. The mice in the blank group and the model group were treated with an equal volume of normal saline for 10 days. The general conditions of mice in each group were observed. After the intervention， the tumor weight of the mice was weighed and the tumor inhibition rate was calculated. Hematoxylin-eosin （HE） staining was used to observe the pathological changes in tumor tissues. The levels of mouse liver function indicators， including alanine aminotransferase （ALT） and aspartate aminotransferase （AST） were detected. The TdT-mediated dUTP-biotin nick end labeling （TUNEL） assay was used to detect DNA damage in mouse tumor tissue cells. Immunohistochemistry （IHC）， immunofluorescence （IF）， and Western blot were used to detect the protein expression levels of NOD-like receptor protein 3 （NLRP3）， cysteinyl aspartate-specific protease-1 （Caspase-1）， and gasdermin D （GSDMD） in tumor tissues. The levels of interleukin-1β （IL-1β） and interleukin-18 （IL-18） in tumor tissues were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA）. ResultCompared with the mice in the blank group， those in the model group were in a poor mental state， sleepy， and lazy， and their fur color was dull， with increased levels of serum ALT and AST in liver function tests （P<0.01）. Compared with the model group， the groups with drug intervention showed improved mental state， inhibited tumor growth to varying degrees， and decreased tumor weight， and the tumor inhibition rate in the combination group was the highest （P<0.01）. HE staining showed that the pathological and morphological lesions of the tumor tissues in the model group were significant， while those in all groups with drug intervention were improved to a certain extent. The karyolysis and nuclear rupture in the Shenqi Yiliu prescription group and the combination group were more significant. In the liver function test， the serum ALT and AST levels of mice in the Shenqi Yiliu prescription group and the combination group decreased （P<0.01）， and the inflammatory factors IL-1β and IL-18 in each group with drug intervention decreased （P<0.05， P<0.01）. Among them， the declining trend of IL-1β and IL-18 in the Shenqi Yiliu prescription group was the most significant （P<0.01）. TUNEL staining showed that the positive TUNEL staining in each group with drug intervention decreased after intervention （P<0.05， P<0.01）， especially the cisplatin group and Shenqi Yiliu prescription group （P<0.01）. Western blot， IHC， and IF found that the protein expression levels of NLRP3， Caspase-1， and GSDMD in each group with drug intervention decreased （P<0.05， P<0.01）. Compared with the mice in the cisplatin group， those in the Shenqi Yiliu prescription group and the combination group had better mental state and regular tumor morphology， and the tumor weight of the mice in the combination group decreased （P<0.05）. The levels of ALT and AST in the Shenqi Yiliu prescription group decreased （P<0.05）， and the levels of IL-1β and IL-18 in the Shenqi Yiliu prescription group and the combination group decreased （P<0.05， P<0.01）， especially in the combination group （P<0.01）. The results of IHC showed that the expression of GSDMD protein in the tumor tissues of mice in the combination group was reduced （P<0.01）. IF detection showed that the expression of NLRP3 in the tumor tissues of the Shenqi Yiliu prescription group was reduced （P<0.01）. The results of Western blot showed that the expression level of NLRP3 protein in the Shenqi Yiliu prescription group and the combination group decreased （P<0.01）， and the expression level of Caspase-1 protein in the combination group decreased （P<0.01）. The decrease in GSDMD protein expression was not significant， and the difference was not statistically significant. ConclusionShenqi Yiliu prescription combined with cisplatin has an obvious anti-tumor effect， which may be achieved by down-regulating the NLRP3/Caspase-1/GSDMD inflammatory pyroptosis pathway to inhibit cell pyroptosis， and relieve the inflammatory response in mice with liver cancer.

Analysis of induced radiation and shielding materials in proton therapy room / 中国辐射卫生

Objective To analyze the dose distribution of induced radiation in fixed proton beam therapy room and the influence of shielding materials, and to provide a basis for radiation protection and shielding material selection in proton therapy. Methods FLUKA was used to simulate the dose distribution of induced radiation in fixed proton beam therapy room, the dose over time, and the influence of different concrete materials. Results The dose of induced radiation was mainly concentrated around the target, and the dose rapidly decreased to 1/5-1/10 of the value at the time of stopping irradiation after cooling for 3-5 min. The induced radiation in concrete formed a slightly higher dose area at the end of the main beam near the inner side of the shield. The content of Fe, O, and H in concrete had significant effects on induced radiation (P < 0.01), and the dose was negatively correlated with the content of Fe. Conclusion The patients after proton therapy as well as the induced radiation in air and shielding materials are the main sources of external radiation dose for workers, and waiting for a period of time is the most effective way to protect the staff. Without considering the difficulty in construction and based on the analysis of shielding materials in protection against external irradiation and their influence on induced radiation, heavy concrete with a relatively high level of Fe is the best choice of the shielding material for proton therapy room.

Analysis of radioactive occupational hazard and protective measures in iodine-125 seed source manufacturer / 中国职业医学

Objective To analyze the occupational hazards and protective measures for personnel in an iodine-125(125I) seed source production company. Methods In 2022, a 125I seed source production enterprise in Guangdong Province was selected as the research subject. The occupational hazards in the workplace of the research subject was identified using the system engineering analysis method. The FLUAK program based on Monte Carlo method was used to simulate the blocking protection of the production of the 125I seed source, and to estimate the dose of internal and external irradiation of seed source that affected workers. Results The main occupational radiation hazards in the seed production were non-sealed radioactive materials, including external irradiation from X-ray and γ ray and internal irradiation from aerosols formed by iodine volatilization. Estimated maximum dose equivalent rate around the chest and eye lens for workers were 0.52 and 0.02 μSv/h, respectively. The expected annual effective dose for workers in each work site was 0.035 mSv, and the expected annual equivalent dose to the eye lens for all workers in various work sites was 0.001 mSv. The maximum annual equivalent dose of operator's hand was 80.620 mSv. The maximum dose of internal irradiation to the worker was 18.750 mSv, which was caused by the volatilization of nuclides. Conclusion With effective protection measures for internal and external irradiation in place, the annual exposure doses for seed production personnel and operator’s hand are below the national limits. Adequate measures should be taken on hand protection.

Thyroid abnormalities and influencing factors in medical radiology workers in Guangdong Province / 环境与职业医学

Background The thyroid gland is one of the organs sensitive to ionizing radiation, and there are few studies on the effects of long-term exposure to low doses of ionizing radiation on the thyroid gland of radiation workers. Objective To investigate thyroid abnormalities in workers in medical radiology departments in Guangdong Province and to identify potential influencing factors of thyroid abnormalities. Methods A total of 1657 radiation workers from 48 hospitals in Guangdong Province were selected as survey subjects using convenience sampling, and their personal dose monitoring results and health examination information were retrospectively analyzed to determine the factors affecting thyroid abnormalities. Results The M (P25, P75) of thyroid absorbed dose (DT) was 1.55 (0.65, 3.96) mGy in the 1657 investigated workers. The attribute-specific medians of DT were 1.29, 1.38, 1.99, and 3.51 mGy for departments of diagnostic radiology, interventional radiology, radiotherapy, and nuclear medicine, respectively; and 1.10, 1.55, and 1.80 mGy for job titles of nurse, technician, and physician, respectively. Differences in DT by gender, age, years of radiological work, age of radiation exposure onset, occupational category, and job title were statistically significant (Z=−6.35, H=708.52, 918.20, 31.19, 95.64, 39.28, P<0.05). The positive rate of thyroid abnormalities in investigated workers was 46.53% (771/1657). Among them, the positive rate of abnormal thyroid function was 22.87% (379/1657), that of abnormal thyroid morphology was 33.98% (563/1657), and that of thyroid nodule was 26.55% (440/1657). The differences in thyroid abnormality rates by gender, age, years of radiation work, age of radiation exposure onset, DT, and job title of radiation workers were statistically significant (χ2=51.89, 49.64, 20.54, 18.29, 12.07, 16.16, P<0.05). The differences in abnormal thyroid function positive rate by gender, age of radiation exposure onset, and job title were statistically significant (χ2=26.21, 6.21, 8.32, P<0.05). The differences in the positive rates of abnormal thyroid morphology and nodules were statistically significant by gender, age, years of radiological work, age of radiation exposure onset, DT, and job title (abnormal thyroid morphology, χ2=40.24, 64.17, 37.63, 15.17, 19.28, 15.05; nodules, χ2=31.41, 77.98, 42.11, 19.16, 21.70, 13.52, P<0.05). The positive rates of thyroid abnormality, thyroid morphology abnormality, and nodules all showed a linear increasing trend with increasing age, years of radiation work, and age of radiation exposure onset (P<0.05). The results of logistic regression analysis indicated that the factors influencing thyroid abnormalities were female (OR=2.17, 95%CI: 1.72-2.74), increased years of radiological work (OR=1.04, 95%CI: 1.03-1.06), onset of radiation exposure in age groups of 30-34 and ≥35 years (OR=1.63, 95%CI: 1.12-2.37; OR=2.58, 95%CI: 1.74-3.29), and working in department of diagnostic radiology (OR=1.40, 95%CI: 1.07-1.84). Conclusion Long-term exposure to low doses of ionizing radiation has an effect on thyroid abnormalities in medical radiation workers. Among them, being female, physicians, and working in department of diagnostic radiology are at a higher risk of abnormal thyroid function; being female, increased years of radiation work, and radiation exposure onset at age ≥30 years are associated with a higher risk of reporting abnormal thyroid morphology.

Exploration of Hanshi Zufei prescription for treatment of COVID-19 based on network pharmacology / 中草药·英文版

Objective: Network pharmacology combines drug and disease targets with biological information networks based on the integrity and systematicness of the interactions between drugs and disease targets. This study aims to explore the molecular basis of Hanshi Zufei formula for treatment of COVID-19 based on network pharmacology and molecular docking techniques. Methods: Using TCMSP, the chemical constituents and molecular targets of Atractylodis Rhizoma, Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium, Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex, Pogostemonis Herba, Tsaoko Fructus, Ephedrae Herba, Notopterygii Rhizoma et Radix, Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens, and Arecae Semen were investigated. The predicted targets of novel coronavirus were screened using the NCBI and GeneCards databases. To further screen the drug-disease core targets network, the corresponding target proteins were queried using multiple databases (Biogrid, DIP, and HPRD), a protein interaction network graph was constructed, and the network topology was analyzed. The molecular docking studies were also performed between the network's top 15 compounds and the coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) 3CL hydrolytic enzyme and angiotensin conversion enzyme II (ACE2). Results: The herb-active ingredient-target network contained nine drugs, 86 compounds, and 49 drug-disease targets. Gene ontology (GO) enrichment analysis resulted in 1566 GO items (P < 0.05), among which 1438 were biological process items, 35 were cell composition items, and 93 were molecular function items. Fourteen signal pathways were obtained by enrichment screening of the KEGG pathway database (P < 0.05). The molecular docking results showed that the affinity of the core active compounds with the SARS-CoV-2 3CL hydrolase was better than for the other compounds. Conclusion: Several core compounds can regulate multiple signaling pathways by binding with 3CL hydrolase and ACE2, which might contribute to the treatment of COVID-19.

Analysis of radiation dose at the entrance of the medical linear accelerator treatment room / 中国辐射卫生

@#<b>Objective</b> To investigate the radiation dose at the entrance of the accelerator treatment room, and to guide the radiation protection detection at the entrance of the treatment room. <b>Methods</b> The FLUKA program was used to build the model of accelerator head and treatment room. Under the simulation conditions of 10 MV and 600 cGy/min for the accelerator, the radiation dose rate inside the entrance of the treatment room was measured at different gantry angles, irradiation conditions, and labyrinths. <b>Results</b> The entrance dose rate with a water tank was significantly higher than that without a water tank under different inner labyrinth wall thicknesses and gantry angles. The entrance dose rate reached the maximum at the inner labyrinth wall thickness of 1800 mm and the gantry angle of 90°. When the inner labyrinth wall thickness was 1000 mm and the gantry angles were 0° and 180°, the entrance dose rate was significantly higher than that at other conditions. The dose rate at the entrance of the treatment room reached (82.26 ± 48.95) μSv/h to (314.09 ± 96.34) μSv/h under the following conditions: the inner labyrinth wall thickness of 1800 mm, the gantry angle of 90°, with a water tank, and the width of the inner labyrinth entrance of 1400-2200 mm. <b>Conclusion</b> The dose at the entrance of the accelerator treatment room mainly comes from the scattering and leakage radiation of the useful wire harness on the patient’s body surface, and the entrance dose rate increases with the increase in the width of the inner labyrinth entrance. In the entrance protection test, the gantry angle should be determined considering the inner labyrinth wall thickness, and the test should be performed at four angles in the uncertain case to ensure the comprehensiveness and accuracy of test results.

Shielding performance of six different types of concrete in proton therapy room / 中国辐射卫生

@#<b>Objective</b> To study the dose level of proton beams outside the main shield of the 230 MeV proton therapy room with six different types of concrete as the main wall, and to obtain the shielding performance of six different types of concrete. <b>Methods</b> The FLUKA program was used to build a calculation model, and different concrete compositions were introduced into the FLUKA program to simulate the change in ambient dose equivalent rate of the focus with concrete thickness under 230 MeV proton beam irradiation. The transmission curves of six different types of concrete were fitted to obtain shielding performance parameters. <b>Results</b> On the condition that the 230 MeV proton beam irradiated to the water target in 90° direction and the concrete thickness exceeded 40 cm, the proton beam was exponentially decayed for six different types of concrete, and the fitted decay curves had a <i>R</i>² of > 0.99. The linear attenuation coefficients for normal concrete, barite concrete, magnetite concrete, limonite concrete, phosphorite concrete, and ferrosilicate concrete were 0.0148 cm⁻¹, 0.0172 cm⁻¹, 0.0196 cm⁻¹, 0.0219 cm⁻¹, 0.0256 cm⁻¹, and 0.0290 cm⁻¹, respectively. <b>Conclusion</b> The composition and proportion of elements in concrete materials directly affect the shielding ability of concrete against proton beams to a large extent, and the shielding performance of six different types of concrete against proton beams varies greatly. Therefore, shielding materials for the proton therapy room should be selected by a comprehensive consideration of the material compositions and shielding performance of concrete, the difficulty of construction, and construction cost.

Exploring the investigation level for individual monitoring for medical radiation workers in Guangdong province / 中华放射医学与防护杂志

Objective:To explore the investigation level of individual monitoring for medical radiation workers.Methods:Monitoring and analysis of individual doses to the medical radiation workers in Guangdong province were performed, from 2016 to 2019, by the Individual Dose Monitoring Department of Guangdong Provincial Hospital for Occupational Disease Prevention and Control.Results:The numbers of monitored workers were diagnostic radiology 53 674, dental radiology 2 563, nuclear medicine 5 001, radiotherapy 16 687, interventional radiology 22 272 and others 2 087 from 2016 to 2019, of which the number of individuals with doses in excess of investigation level 1.25 mSv, were 76, 6, 18, 28, 133 and 2 respectively. The non-real doses made up 67.1 %, 100 %, 55.6 %, 82.1 %, 76.7 % and 100 % of their respective totals. Their 99th percentile doses P99 were 0.37, 0.39, 0.67, 0.35, 0.54 and 0.30 mSv, and the average periodic dose equivalent were 0.07, 0.06, 0.11, 0.06, 0.07 and 0.05 mSv respectively, indicating a statistically significant difference existing in the average annual effective dose between groups ( Z=-26.139--2.681, P<0.001). Conclusions:Due to non-reality of doses in excess of investigation levels and high labor cost, it is suggested to currently use 0.40 mSv per 3 months as investigation level for diagnostic radiology, dental radiology, radiotherapy and others, and 0.70 mSv per 3 months as for nuclear medicine and interventional radiology.

Establishment of Fingerprint and Spectrum-effect Relationship Study on Anti-oxidantion Activity of Anemarrhena asphodeloides and Its Different Processed Products / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE：To establish the fingerprint of ethanol extract and acetone extract from Anemarrhena asphodeloides and its different processed products ，and to investigate the spectrum-effect relationship between the fingerprint and the antioxidant activity. METHODS ：HPLC method and HPLC-ELSD method were adopted. The determination was performed on Thermo BDS Hypersil C 18 column with mobile phase consisted of acetonitrile- 0.2％ acetic acid at the flow rate of 1.0 mL/min. The column temperature was 30 ℃，and the detection wavelength was set at 258 nm. The sample size was 10 μL. The determination was performed on XDB-C 18 columnwith mobile phase consisted of acetonitrile-0.1％ acetic acid （gradient elution ）at the flow rate of 0.9 mL/min. The column temperature was 30 ℃ . The temperature of atomizer was 40 ℃ and the flow rare of N 2 was 1.6 mL/min. The sample size was 10 μL. Using mangiferin and timosaponin B Ⅱ as reference ，Fingerprint Similarity Eva- com luation System of TCM Chromatogram （2004A edition ）was adopted to draw the fingerprint of ethanol extract and acetoneextract from 20 batches of A. asphodeloides and its different processed products to confirm common peaks. Using scave nging rate of 1，1-diphenyl-2-trinitrophenylhydrazine（DPPH）radical as index，antioxidant activities of ethanol extract and acetone extract from 20 batches of A. asphodeloides and its processed products were investigated. Using scavenging rate of DPPH radical as dependent variable ，common peak area as independent variable ，PLSR was used to analyze the spectrum-effect relationship of ethanol extract and acetone extract from A. asphodeloides with antioxidantion activity. RESULTS ：Eight peaks （M1-M8）were identified in the fingerprints of ethanol extracts from 20 batches of processed A. asphodeloides . Mangiferin （chromatogram peak M 7）was identified with similarity of 0.389-1.000；seven comon peaks （S1-S7）and timosaponin B Ⅱ（peak S 5）were identified in the fingerprint of acetone extract ，and the similarity was 0.044-0.999. DPPH radical scavenging rate of ethanol extract from 20 batches of A. asphodeloides and its processed products was 21.23％- 81.39％，and A. asphodeloides was significantly lower than salt-processed A. asphodeloides with salt wine-processed A. asphodeloides （P＜0.001）；and that of acetone extract was 49.73％-83.78％，and A. asphodeloides was significantly higher than stir-baked A. asphodeloides with salt ，wine or fire （P＜0.001）. The standardized regression coefficients of peaks M 2-M7 in the spectrum of ethanol extract from A. asphodeloides were all greater than 0，which was positively correlated with antioxidant activity. Only the variable importance projection （VIP）value of peak M 7 was greater than 1，which had an important contribution. The standardized regression coefficients of peaks S 4-S7 in the acetone extract spectrum of A. asphodeloides were greater than 0，and were positively correlated with antioxidant activity. The order of VIP values was peak S 5＞S6＞S4，and the VIP values were all greater than 1. CONCLUSIONS：The fingerprint of the different processed products A. asphodeloides and its antioxidant activity spectral effect relationship were successfully established ；mangiferin（peak M 7）may be the main antioxidant substance of ethanol extract from A. asphodeloides . Timosaponin B Ⅱ（peak S 5），peak S 6 and peak S 4 may be the main antioxidant substance in acetone extract from A. asphodeloides .

Survey of nuclear medicine practice in Guangdong in 2016 / 中华放射医学与防护杂志

Objective To survey the basic situation of diagnosis and treatment in clinical nuclear medicine across Guangdong province,evaluate the risks of exposure to the radiation workers and public and explore the countermeasures to control radiation exposre.Methods A survey team was set up to survey,by filling questionnaires,the basic information on nuclear medicine practices for workers,equipment,radionuclide,frequency and dose to workers and radiation protection measures.Results A total of 71 nuclear medicine institutions was involved in the survey with 733 radiation workers in 2016 in Guangdong.The average annual effective dose to nuclear medicine workers was (0.55±0.66) mSv per year.The total pieces of nuclear medical equipment was up to 189 in 2016 including 59 SPECT/CT scanners (5 SPECT),28 PET/CT scanners and 54 thyroid scanners.Total activity of 1.15× 10s MBq in radiopharmaceuticals was used in 325 903 examinations and treatments with the number of frequency of 2.97 examinations per 1 000 population.Concluions There have been a rapid progress in practice of nuclear medicine over the past 20 years in Guangdong province with departments of nuclear medicine set up in 18 of 21 cities.Compared with 1998,the activity in radiopharmaceuticals used has increased by 414％ in 2016 and the number of frequency of examination and treatment has increased by 111％.The rapid expansion of nuclear medicine practice has also caused potential risks of radiation to the public and environment.

Monitoring and analysis of gross α and gross β levels in drinking water sources in Guangdong province / 中华放射医学与防护杂志

Objective@#To investigate the distribution of gross α and gross β radioactive levels in drinking raw water from different regions of Guangdong province, and to establish the radioactive level base line value in raw water.@*Methods@#The samples from 191 drinking water sources in use in Guangdong province were collected in rainy season and dry season, respectively, and determined and analyzed under the standard examination method for drinking water-radiological parameters (GB/T 5750.13-2006). The levels of gross α and gross β radioactivity were evaluated under the standard for drinking water quality (GB 5749-2006).@*Results@#A total of 377 raw water samples were taken, including 189 samples in rainy season and 188 samples in dry season, in which 186 samples were matched between rainy season and dry season. In dry season, the gross α levels ranged from 0.008 Bq/L to 0.582 Bq/L, averaged at (0.034±0.060) Bq/L, while the gross β levels ranged from 0.014 Bq/L to 0.637 Bq/L, averaged at (0.108±0.091) Bq/L. In rainy season, the gross α levels ranged from 0.008 Bq/L to 0.402 Bq/L, averaged at (0.045±0.064) Bq/L, while the gross β levels ranged from 0.014 Bq/Lto 0.848 Bq/L, averaged at (0.125±0.128) Bq/L. The gross α and gross β radioactivity levels of other samples were much lower than the guidance values in the national radioactivity standards on drinking water radioactivity, except for a sample from Shanwei area. The gross α and gross β radioactivity levels in the rainy season were higher than in the dry water season, and the gross α radioactivity levels in the rainy season were significantly higher than in the dry water season. There were significant differences in gross α and gross β radioactivity levels in rainy(Frainy season=1.819, 2.709, P<0.05) and dry season (Fdry season=1.985, 8.461, P<0.05)in different water systems, and the levels of gross α and gross β radioactivity in the rivers in western Guangdong were the highest. The gross α and gross β radioactivity levels of groundwater in rainy season were higher than in river water and lake water, and the gross α and gross β radioactivity levels in river water were higher than in lake and reservoir water, with the statistically significant differences(Ftotal α=39.323, Ftotal β=25.911, P<0.05), the gross α and gross β radioactivity levels in dry season were higher than in river water and lake water, with the statistically significant difference(Ftotal α=11.520, Ftotal β=28.435, P<0.05). The highest radioactivity levels is in groundwater, followed by river water, and the lowest is in lake and reservoir water.@*Conclusions@#The natural radioactivity background levels in drinking raw water in Guangdong province is lower than the limit value on drinking water stipulated by our country. The radioactivity levels in raw water in western Guangdong is significantly higher than in other water systems, and the radioactivity level in river water is also significantly higher than in lake and reservoir water.

Effects of Jiuxieling Granules on IL-1, IL-6, TNF-α, and IFN- γ in Rats with Spleen Kidney Yang Deficiency Ulcerative Colitis / 中国中医药信息杂志

Objective To detect mechanism of action mode of Jiuxieling Granules in spleen and kidney yang deficiency ulcerative colitis. Methods The perfusion of Rhei Radix et Rhizoma Decoction plus intramuscular injection of hydrocortisone and combined with TNBS and ethanol enema were employed to establish UC animal model. Ninety rats were randomly divided into blank group, model group, SASP group and Jiuxieling Granules 7 days, 14 days and 21 days groups. All treatment groups received relevant medicine intervention. The levels of IL-1, IL-6, TNF-α, and IFN-γin serum and colon tissue were detected by ELISA. Results Compared with the blank group, the levels of IL-1, IL-6, TNF-α, and IFN-γ in serum and colon tissues of rats in model group increased (P<0.05);compared with the model group, the levels of IL-1, IL-6, TNF-α, and IFN-γin serum and colon tissues of rats in treatment groups were reduced greatly (P<0.05), among which Jiuxieling Granules 21 days group showed the most obvious effects (P<0.05). Conclusion Jiuxieling Granules can regulate the normal secretion of the levels of IL-1, IL-6, TNF-α, and IFN-γin serum and colon tissue of model rats, and inhibit inflammation and protect colonic mucosa.

Effect of pingxian granules on protein expression of apoptosis regulatory genes in hippocampus of pentylenetetrazol-induced epileptic model rats / 中国中药杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To observe the effect of Pingxian granules on the protein expression of apoptosis regulatory genes Bcl-2 and Bax in the hippocampus of epileptic model rats and study the molecular biological mechanism of the anti-epileptic effect of Pingxian granules.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>Totally 60 45-days-old Wistar rats were selected and then randomly assigned into 5 groups: the normal control group, the model group, the positive control group, the Pingxian high dose group and the Pingxian low dose group, with 12 in each group. Except the normal control group, all the groups were intraperitoneally injected with 35 mg x kg(-1) pentylenetetrazol to establish the models of epilepsy. The Pingxian high dose (1.66 g x mL(-1)) and low dose (0.42 g x mL(-1)) groups were intragastrically infused with Pingxian granules 2 mL x d(-1). The positive control group received 3.6 g x L(-1) phenobarbital suspension by gastric perfusion. The normal group and the model group were drenched with distilled water, 2 mL x d(-1), for 5 weeks. Bcl-2 and Bax protein positive cells were labeled with immunohistochemical SABC at 3, 5 w.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>(1) Rats in the model group appeared the epileptic behavior at the 1st week, and became serious with the kindle frequency; grade VIepileptic behavior appeared at the 4th week. The attack frequency and grade of the Pingxian group were less and lower, the highest grade were only IV, and there were no significant differences in the attack grade and frequency. (2) With the increase in kindle frequency, the model group showed a notable decrease in the Bcl-2 expression compared with the normal control group at the 3rd and 5th weekend (P < 0.01), but a significant increase in Bax protein expression (P <0. 01). The number of the Bcl-2 protein expression in Pingxian groups and the positive control group were obviously more than the model group (P < 0.01); and the number of the Bax protein expression in Pingxian groups and the positive control group were obviously less than the model group (P < 0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Pingxian granules may decrease neuronal cell apoptosis by improving the protein expression of apoptosis regulatory gene Bcl-2 and inhibiting the protein expression of apoptosis regulatory gene Bax with a view of anti-epilepsy.</p>