Optimization of preparation technology and in vitro release of baicalin-glycyrrhizic acid solid nanocrystals / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE To optimize the preparation technology of baicalin （BCN）-glycyrrhizic acid （GA） solid nanocrystals （BCN-GA-SN）， to characterize them and investigate their in vitro release characteristics. METHODS According to the compatibility ratio of classic couplet medicinals “Scutellaria baicalensis-Glycyrrhiza uralensis”， the compatibility ratio of BCN and GA was determined as 6∶1 （m/m）； BCN-GA nanosuspension was prepared by precipitation method combined with high-pressure homogenization method. The preparation technology of BCN-GA nanosuspension was optimized by using mean particle size and polydispersity index （PDI） as indexes and with types and dosage of stabilizers， stirring speed and time， high-pressure homogenization pressure and frequency as factors. The freeze-dried consolidation process of BCN-GA nanosuspension was optimized to prepare BCN-GA-SN using average particle size， PDI and redispersibility index （RDI） as indicators， with the type and dosage of freeze-dried protective agents as factors； then， the physicochemical properties and in vitro release of BCN-GA-SN were investigated. RESULTS The optimal preparation technology of BCN-GA-SN was as follows： BCN-GA nanosuspension was prepared by using 15% sodium dodecyl sulfate as a stabilizer， stirring at 1 000 r/min for 15 minutes， and homogenizing at 100 MPa for 20 times； then， BCN-GA nanosuspension was freeze-dried and solidified with 5% mannitol （corresponding to the dosage of BCN）. The average particle size of prepared BCN-GA-SN was （442.2±5.7） nm with PDI of 0.225±0.015 and RDI of 1.055± 0.013. The prepared BCN-GA-SN presented as the irregularly spherical shape with more uniform size； the drug-loading amount of BCN in the nanocrystal was （62.5±0.7）%， and that of GA was （9.4±0.2）%； the in vitro release results showed that the cumulative dissolution of BCN-GA-SN was higher than that of the physical mixture of BCN and GA. CONCLUSIONS BCN-GA-SN is prepared successfully in this study with uniform particle size and even distribution， which can effectively improve the dissolution of BCN.

Content Determination of Potential Genotoxic Impurity Maleic Hydrazide in Azintamide / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE：To establish a method for the content determination of potential genotoxic impurity maleic hydrazide in azintamide raw material. METHODS ：HPLC-FLD method was adopted. The determination was performed on Thermo Syncronis C18 column with mobile phase consisted of 0.2 mol/L acetic acid-methanol （gradient elution ）. The column temperature was set at 30 ℃，the excitation wavelength was 315 nm and emission wavelength was 389 nm. The flow rate was 1 mL/min，and the sample size was 20 μL. RESULTS：The blank solvent and azintamide did not interfere with the determination of maleic hydrazide. The linear range of maleic hydrazide was 19.5-300 ng/mL（r＝0.999 9）. The limit of detection was 4.5 ng/mL and the limit of quantification was 19.5 ng/mL. The recovery ranged from 98.79％ to 103.76％（RSDs were lower than 3.00％，n＝9）. RSDs of precision and stability （24 h）tests were no more than 5.63％，and those of durability tests were less than 2.00％（n＝6）. Maleic hydrazide was not detected in 3 batches of azinamide raw material. CONCLUSIONS ：The method is specific ，sensitive and accurate. It can be used for the trace determination of maleic hydrazide in azintamide or other matrix.

Preparation and in vitro imaging of a magnetic heating phasetransition multimodal ultrasound contrast agent / 中华超声影像学杂志

Objective@#To prepare a novel magnetic heating phasetransition nanoparticle contrast agent (PFH-HIONS), and to study its performance on enhancing photoacoustic imaging, magnetic resonance imaging and ultrasound imaging after phasetransition by magnetic-thermo in vitro.@*Methods@#Firstly, the superparamagnetic nano hollow iron spheres (HIONS) were prepared by a one-pot solvothermal method, and then the phasetransition liquid perfluorocarbon (PFH) was loaded on the HIONS by vacuum adsorption to obtain PFH-HIONS. After characterization of the nanoparticles, photoacoustic imaging, magnetic resonance imaging and ultrasound imaging after phasetransition with magnetic-thermo were performed in vitro, and the results were analyzed by a software.@*Results@#PFH-HIONS was successfully prepared with uniform particle size of (537.3±24.8)nm. PFH-HIONS could apparently enhance photoacoustic imaging and magnetic resonance imaging in vitro. In an alternating magnetic field, it could significantly increase the temperature, which promotes phasetransion of the PFH to produce microbubbles, thereby enhancing ultrasound imaging. Furthermore, as the concentration increased, the imaging intensity was enhanced, and the differences in imaging intensity between different concentration groups were statistically significant (P<0.05).@*Conclusions@#The PFH-HIONS can enhance the multimodal imaging including ultrasound, photoacoustic and magnetic resonance, and it also has obvious magnetic heating performance. It provides a new and efficient research platform for theranostics based on molecular imaging, therefore it has promising application prospects.

Preparation and in vitro imaging of a magnetic heating phasetransition multimodal ultrasound contrast agent / 中华超声影像学杂志

Objective:To prepare a novel magnetic heating phasetransition nanoparticle contrast agent (PFH-HIONS), and to study its performance on enhancing photoacoustic imaging, magnetic resonance imaging and ultrasound imaging after phasetransition by magnetic-thermo in vitro. Methods:Firstly, the superparamagnetic nano hollow iron spheres (HIONS) were prepared by a one-pot solvothermal method, and then the phasetransition liquid perfluorocarbon (PFH) was loaded on the HIONS by vacuum adsorption to obtain PFH-HIONS. After characterization of the nanoparticles, photoacoustic imaging, magnetic resonance imaging and ultrasound imaging after phasetransition with magnetic-thermo were performed in vitro, and the results were analyzed by a software.Results:PFH-HIONS was successfully prepared with uniform particle size of (537.3±24.8)nm. PFH-HIONS could apparently enhance photoacoustic imaging and magnetic resonance imaging in vitro. In an alternating magnetic field, it could significantly increase the temperature, which promotes phasetransion of the PFH to produce microbubbles, thereby enhancing ultrasound imaging. Furthermore, as the concentration increased, the imaging intensity was enhanced, and the differences in imaging intensity between different concentration groups were statistically significant ( P<0.05). Conclusions:The PFH-HIONS can enhance the multimodal imaging including ultrasound, photoacoustic and magnetic resonance, and it also has obvious magnetic heating performance. It provides a new and efficient research platform for theranostics based on molecular imaging, therefore it has promising application prospects.

Progresses of echocardiography in evaluation of chemotherapy related cardiotoxicity / 中国医学影像技术

As an effective way,adjuvant chemotherapy is widely used in treatment of malignant tumors,whereas chemotherapy related cardiotoxicity has become an important factor influencing of patients' life quality and survival rate.Early,accurate prediction of cardiotoxicity is very important.Echocardiography is widely used to assess the cardiac function with advantages of convenience,economicly and noninvasion.New technologies of echocardiography can make up for the deficiency of conventional echocardiography and improve sensitivity and accuracy of cardiac function assessment,which making it possible to detect cardiotoxicity early and accurately.The progresses of echocardiography in evaluation of chemotherapy related cardiotoxicity were reviewed in this article.

Implementation effect of mixed teaching mode + formative evaluation in the course of normal human morphology / 中华医学教育探索杂志

The nursing students of Grade 2009 to Grade 2016 were selected.Their skills,midterm,usual and final performances as well as comprehensive scores of normal human morphology course were analyzed by one-way ANOVA in combination with different stages of curriculum integration in order to compare the teaching effect between traditional teaching mode + evaluation system and mixed teaching mode + formative evaluation in the course of normal human morphology.Statistical analysis by SPSS 17.0 showed that the average score of formation stage (traditional teaching mode) was 67.55 ± 12.72,the average score of integration stage (mixed teaching mode) was 72.79 ± 10.93 and the average score of development stage (formative evaluation +mixed teaching mode) was 83.94 ± 9.58.After making comparisons,the P values of ANOVA of the course of normal human body morphology in all stages were all less than 0.001,having statistical significance.The results showed that the overall development of the curriculum is becoming mature and the new teaching model can help students who usually do not like to review.

Effect of patient’s preference to fractional flow reserve guided percutaneous coronary intervention on clinical outcomes in patients with borderline lesion / 中国介入心脏病学杂志

Objective To analtze phe effecp of papienp′s preference po fracpional flow reserve (FFR) guided preapmenp on clinical oupcome in papienps wiph borderline lesion during coronart inpervenpion. Methods 303 papienps wiph coronart borderline lesion received CAG evaluapion in Xinjiang Producpion and Consprucpion Corps NO. 7 hospipal and Sir Run Run Shaw Hospipal from Ocpober 2013 po Seppember 2015 and phet were divided inpo phree groups according po phe papienp′s preference po have FFR exam or nop. The 3 groups were: ①FFR Guided PCI group (n = 96, papienps wiph FFR≤0. 8 accepp PCI, whereas onlt drug preapmenp if FFR > 0. 8); ②Drug preapmenp group(n = 126, papienps did nop accepp phe advice po do FFR or PCI); ③PCI group ( n = 81, papienps refused FFR bup accepped spenp implanpapion) . The papienps were followed up for (19. 6 ± 6. 5) monphs afper preapmenp. Rapes of major adverse cardiac evenps(MACE) and recurrence of angina pecporis were recorded and compared. Results Angina remission rape in phe FFR guided PCI group was higher significanplt phan drug preapmenp group and PCI group (85. 4% vs. 69. 8% vs. 80. 2% , P =0. 018). MACE-free survival rape of FFR guided PCI group was higher(93. 8% vs. 77. 0% vs. 81. 5% , P =0. 006)phan phe opher 2 groups. Conclusions FFR guided preapmenp provides beneficial effecps po phe oupcomes of borderline lesion. Bup in phe real world, papienp′s preference mat plat a decisive role.

Comparative study of intravascular ultrasound and coronary angiography in percutaneous coronary intervention therapy / 中华老年医学杂志

Objective To compare intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) and coronary angiography in measuring the lumen diameter and coronary arteries stenosis rate, to investigate the impact of IVUS in the choice of surgical indications, surgical procedure guidance and effects of operation.Methods The patients who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention(PCI) therapy from may 2013 to may 2014 were divided into IVUS-guided intervention therapy group (n=89) and coronary angiographyguided group (n=90).Their baseline parameters, lesion features, MACE and restenosis during follow-up were analyzed.Results Baseline clinical and angiographic characterisitcs were well matched and show no significant differences between the two groups.Compared to angiography-guided group, the minimum lumen diameter (MLD) of IVUS-guided group were higher, diameter stenosis (DS) and lesion length (LL) were lower in IVUS-guided intervention therapy group.The detection rate of calcified and eccentric lesion were significantly higher in IVUS-guided group.There were 204 (93.6 ％) and 195 (87.8％) high-pressure balloons used in post-inflation in two groups, respectively.The MLD and plaque burden of IVUS-guided group were obviously improved after stent implantation.Conclusions IVUS-guided intervention therapy in PCI is safe and effective, may be helpful for the judgment of lesion, evaluating stent implantation and guiding high-pressure balloon post-inflation.IVUS-guided intervention could get the bigger immediate lumen diameter and lower plaque burden than coronary angiography without serious short-term or long-term complications.

Research on the determination of molecular weight distribution of anti-HBV placenta transfer factor injection / 中国生化药物杂志

Objective To establish the molecular weight distribution of anti-HBV placenta transfer factor injection (PSTF) by electrophoresis, HPLC and MS.Methods Using the methods of SDS-PAGE, HPSEC, MALDI-TOF-MS to test the molecular of PSTF.Results The Molecular was 8000 Da by SDS-PAGE.There were 5026.67,6783.44,7496.42,8736.55 Da components in PSTF by HPSEC.The main component molecular was 2972 Da and the maximum molecular component was 8194 Da.Conclusion HPSEC is simple and rapid to determine the maximum component molecular of PSTF.

Effect of drug-sustained capsular tension ring on proliferation of lens epithelial cells in vitro / 中国医师杂志

Objective Our study was performed to design a drug-sustained capsular tension ring (CTR) to evaluate its potentiality on prevention of PCO in the swine capsular bag model in vitro.Methods Following the continuous capsule curvilinear capsulorhexis ( CCCC),Phacomulsification with capsular tension ring implantation was pedormed.CTR-supported swine capsular bag models were prepared and divided into two groups,group CTR ( n =13 ) implanted with the original CTR without any modification and group CTR-PLGA-MG132 ( n =13) implanted with the CTR covered with PLGA and MG132.The CTRsupported capsular bags were cultured in vitro for up to 3 weeks.The area of lens epithelial cells (LEC) coverage over the posterior capsule surface was quantified every day under microscope.The capsules were treated for histological examination.The change of fibronectin was assessed by ELISA assay kit.Results After 2 ～ 3 days,outgrowth of LEC across the posterior capsule was observed,and the posterior capsule was totally covered by a confluent monolayer of cell after (9.06 ± 1.61 ) days in group CTR.Capsular wrinkles became increasingly apparent as time progressed.An increase in capsular thickness was also observed.In contrast,there was less LEC deposition in group CTR-PLGA-MG132.Histological examination showed LEC layers were closely arranged on the posterior capsular surface in group CTR.In group CTR-PLGA-MG132,there was comparatively looser cell arrangement.Compared with group CTR,the mean fibronectin level of posterior capsule by week 3 in group CTR-PLGA-MG132 was 25.14 μg/ml and 106.09 μg/ml respectively.Statistical analysis showed a significant difference ( P ＜ 0.01 ).Conclusions LEC migration,proliferation,and synthesis of EMT markers were inhibited in Group CTR-PLGA-MG132,compared with Group CTR.Drug-sustained capsular tension rings can effectively inhibit the migration,proliferation of LEC and the change of EMT ( epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition) in swine capsular bag models.Drug-sustained capsular tension rings might be a potential therapy to prevent the posterior capsular opacification in the future.

Suggestions for improving quality control of extrinsic residues in crude drugs / 中国中药杂志

To improve the impurity control of extrinsic residues in Chinese crude drugs and ensure the quality of crude drugs, relative suggestions should be provided. The present situation of extrinsic residues control in crude drugs was reviewed, and relative problems existed were analyzed. To develop the impurity control of extrinsic residues in Chinese crude drugs, more effort focus on strengthening basic research, improving analytical methods and optimizing the pattern of administration should be made.

Suggestions for improving quality control of excipients used in processing of crude drugs / 中国中药杂志

To propose for improving the quality control of excipients used in processing of crude drugs. The quality control and administration of excipients in processing of crude drug were reviewed, and problems existed were analyzed. For enhance the excipients quality control, more effort should be focused on fundamental research, improving of management mechanism and construction of quality control system.

Effects of acute lymphoblastic leukemia children bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells on the drug tolerance of K562 cell strains / 中国医师杂志

Objective To study the effect of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) children bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) on the resistance of K562cell atd mechanism in vitro.Method MSCs were obtained from AL children bone marrow after derivation, cultivation and identification.The coculture of MSCs and K562 and K562 suspension were established.Effects of MSCs on the growth of K562 cells were investigated in vivo.The two kinds of cells treated with different concentration of adriamycin (ADM) and the rate of apoptosis was evaluated by flow cytometry.Cell cycle was determined by flow cytometry.RT-PCR was used to detect Bcl-2 and Bax in K562 cells.Result Compared with the cell growth curve of K562 alone, the K562 cell co-cultured with MSCs grew slower and the exponential phase of growth was not obvious.The apoptosis index of the K562 cells co- clutured with MSCs was (9.19 ±0.53)% examined by flow cytometry, and that of the K562 cells alone was 4.00 ± 0.37% respectively( P ＜ 0.05 ).The percentage of cells at G0/G1 phase was (50.2 ± 2.26) % and that at S phase was (37.03 ± 3.50) % in the group of K562 alone, but those of the K562 cells co - cultured with MSCs were (80.95 ± 3.83) % and ( 17.40 ± 1.50)% respectively( P ＜0.05).The result of RT-PCR suggested expression of Bcl-2/Bax of the K562 cell co-cultured with MSCs was higher than K562 alone.Conclusion ALL children MSCs suppressed the growth of K562 cell in vitro.Adhesion made K562 depress sensitive to ADM.The mechanism was perhaps caused by adhesion with MSCs, K562 cell cycle was changed and related to Bcl-2 gene high level expression.

Inhibitory effect of proteasome inhibitor on the proliferation of human lens epithelial cells / 中国医师杂志

Objective To investigate the effect of proteasome inhibitor MG132 on the proliferation of human lens epithelial cells SRA01/04. Methods The SRA01/04 cells were treated with MG132 by different concentrations (0, 0. 1, 0. 5, 1. 0, 2. 5, 5.0, 10. 0μmol/L) for 36 hours. The cell viability in all groups was determined using methylthiazoltetrazolium (MTT) test. The effect of MG132 on the apoptosis and regulation of cell cycle about SRA01/04 cells were detected by flow cytometry (FCM). The SRA01/04 cells treated with MG132 were observed after Annexin V/FITC-PI staining by fluorescence microscope. Results The inhibitory effect of MG132 on SRA01/04 cells proliferation was enhanced with the increase of MG132 concentration. The 50% inhibiting concentration ( IC50 ) of MG132 was 2. 50μmol/L after SRA01/04 cells were treated with MG132 for 36 hours. The apoptosis index of the cells treated by MG132 at 2. 5μmol/L and 5 μmol/L for 36 hours was 6. 55 ± 0. 35% and 13.75 ± 3.18%, and 0. 75 ± 0. 21% for 5.0μmol/L for 36 hours in control group. After cells were treated with MG132 for 48h, the percentages of cells at G0/G1 phase were (42. 57 ± 0. 64) %, (73.42 ± 3.10) %, ( 80. 95 ± 3.83 ) % 0, 2. 5,5.0 μmol/Lgroups respectively, and those at S phase were (49. 44±1.36)%, ( 17. 40 ± 1.50)%, ( 19. 57 ± 1.29)%.Annexin V/FITC-PI staining was used, and MG132 was found to result to apoptosis. Conclusions MG132 could inhibit the proliferation of SRA01/04 cells by the effect of inducing apoptosis and regulation of cell cycle. The proteasome inhibitor-might play a key role in the prevention of posterior capsular opacification.

Research and development of tissue engineered meniscus / 国际生物医学工程杂志

The authors reviewed the research and development of tissue engineered meniscus from three points (cell seeds, scaffolds, cell factors) and point out current questions and investigative direction in the future.

Discussion on pattern of evidence-based medical equipment quality management / 医疗卫生装备

The improvement of quality management for medical equipment is an important part in overall quality management for modern hospital under the new circumstance of medical reform.The principles and approaches of evidence-based medicine were applied to quality management for medical equipment.In the view of generalized quality management,the core thoughts and basic framework of evidence-based quality management for medical equipment were put forward.The foundation of evidence-based management system was discussed including organization structure,PDCA quality management cycle,quality evidence procedure and overall quality-evaluating index system.