RESUMO
Background and Objective: Gum diseases and dental caries are the most prevalent diseases in societies with different cultures particularly among pregnant women. This study was done to evaluate the oral health status of pregnant women in Gonbad Kavous, northern Iran
Methods: This descriptive - analytical study was conducted on 400 pregnant women aged 20 to 40 years old in Gonbad Kavous, northern Iran during 2010-11. Demographic and oral examination information was recorded in a chick list. The obtained data were evaluated by DMFT index [Decay, Missing, and Filling Teeth] and OHI-S index [Oral Hygiene Index-Simplified]
Results: The average of DMFT index was 3.29 +/- 6.21. There was a significant difference between the place of birth and place of residence of pregnant women with DMFT index [P<0.05]. The average of OHI-S index in pregnant women was moderate [0.88 +/- 1.36]. There was a significant difference between the location of residence and the level of education of pregnant women with OHI-S index [P<0.05]. The most important factor to increase DMFT index was the high average of decayed teeth among pregnant women. Regarding the method and duration of observing oral hygiene, the most correct answers were related to method of cleaning teeth [toothbrush and toothpaste] and the least ones were related to the duration of cleaning [3-5 minutes]
Conclusion: DMFT index was high in pregnant women in northern Iran
RESUMO
Radiography is the most commonly used technique for root canal length determination; but its application in pedodontics is difficult due to problems namely the radiation hazards, superimposition of permanent teeth buds and uncooperative children. Electronic apex locator [EAL] is used for determination of root canal length. The aim of this study was to assess the accuracy of an Electronic Apex Locator [Ipex] in measuring the root canal length of primary teeth in-vivo. This clinical study was conducted on 50 root canals of primary teeth that had to be extracted. After local anesthesia induction and caries removal, access cavities were prepared and the length of root canals was measured using Ipex Electronic Apex Locator. After the extraction of teeth, the actual length of canals was measured using a #15 K file from a reference point. Data were analyzed using paired t-test and intra-class correlation coefficient. The accuracy of Ipex was 20% for accurate determination of actual root canal length, 66% for estimation within +/- 0.5mm of the apex and 80% for estimation within +/- 1mm of the apex. Paired t-test revealed a significant difference between the actual root canal length and the length displayed by Ipex [P<0.001]. A direct strong correlation existed between the length measured by Ipex and the actual root canal length [r=0.957] Ipex had a tendency to underestimate the actual root canal length. Since the working length is shorter than the actual root canal length, Ipex may be used for endodontic treatment of primary teeth