RESUMO
Communication is one of the most essential needs of human beings.Mechanical ventilation compromises patients' ability to communicate their needs. This research was conducted to assess the effect of three methods of communication with patients receiving mechanical on their satisfaction in Arak hospitals 1389[2010]. This randomized clinical trial was conducted in Intensive Care Units of Valey Asr, Amir Al Momenin and Ghods hospitals in Arak, Iran. 60 patients who were admitted in ICU and were receiving mechanical ventilation were included in the study. These patients were randomly allocated in three groups.During a 12 hours period researcher used I method of communication for each group of these patients. These mrthods of communication included :A: Communicational board [words and letters]. B: Communicational board [pictures and letters]. C: The conventional method. Data were collected using a questionnaire. The questionnaire consisted of three', parts: demographic variables, medical history and satisfaction with communication method.Validity of the instrument was assured by content validity index.. Cronbach's alpha was used to determine the reliability of the iinstrument. SPSS, version 16 was used for data analysis. There was not a significant difference among three groups in terms of age, gender, mean length of stay in the ICU before mechanical ventilation treatment. The mean satisfaction scores were 2.58. 3.83 and 4.10 for conventional communication group, communication board A and words and letters] and communication board B[pictures and letters] respectively. There was a significant difference among three groups in terms of their satisfaction with communication method [P0.00l].The one way analysis of variance indicated that using communication boards A and B significantly increased patient satisfaction. Using communication boards facilitates communication with mechanically ventilated patients and increase their satisfaction
RESUMO
Immobility and hypertension [HTN] are known risk factors for coronary heart disease [CHD] and crebrovascular accident [CVA]. Blood pressure control [in normal range] would prevent or postpone CHD and CVA. Non-phamacological method is one of the most important measures in control of high blood pressure. Therefore, the aim of this work was to investigate the effect of low intensity aerobic exercise on blood pressure of employees with essential hypertension. This is a quasi-experimental study in which, 36 male employees suffering from hypertension who referred to the health facility centers of Boroujen, participated in a low intensive exercise program for four weeks, three times [each one, 20-30 min.] a week with intensity of about 50%-60% maximum heart rate [MHR]. Before beginning of the exercise, immediately after that, and one week later, the parameters blood pressure, heartbeat, and body mass index and weight were measured. Using statistical methods [t test and analysis variance] the data were analyzed. The mean age of the subjects studied was 46.13 +/- 5 years. Before and after the intervention [exercise], the mean of systolic blood pressure [SBP], mean arterial pressure [MAP] and diastolic blood pressure [DBP], were 150.04 +/- 12 mmHg and 149.5 +/- 11 mmHg [p>0.05], 109.4 +/- 6 mmHg and 106.3 +/- 6 mmHg [p<0.01], and 109.4 +/- 6 mmHg and 106.3 +/- mmHg [p<0.001], respectively. In the cases of heart rate, weight, and body mass index, no significant reduction was observed. Based on these results, the low intensity aerobic exercise is an effective method for the control of blood pressure