RESUMO
Background and Aim: Congenital heart disease is one of the most common malformations at birth that require timely recognition and treatment. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and etiology of detected heart murmurs and association between congenital heart disease and heart murmurs. Recognition of murmurs etiology would help us to manage and treat them properly
Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 2757 infants between two to 24 months in Kerman city, Iran were enrolled. The infants who had heart murmurs in physical exam were referred to pediatric cardiologist for more evaluations such as echocardiography
Results: 2757 infants were screened for the presence of heart murmurs and murmurs were heard in 145 [5.29%] including 71 girls [49%] and 74 boys [51%]. Innocent and pathologic murmurs prevalence was 49 and 51 percent, respectively. Altogether, left to right shunts [ventricular ceptal defect [VSD], atrial ceptal defect [ASD], patent ductus arteriosus [PDA], atrioventricular septal defect [AVSD]] were the most common cardiac abnormalities in this study. The most common heart lesion was ventricular septal defect [21.6%]. There was a significant correlation between younger infants, lower weights and girl sex with congenital heart disease
Conclusion: On base of our study, the incidence of pathologic heart murmurs related to congenital heart disease is more than innocent murmurs in infants; with accurate heart exam and timely screening, we can prevent irreversible heart complication in these ages
RESUMO
Myrtus Communis, L. is a medicinal herb, which has antibacterial activity and is used against many pathogens. The present study was conducted to investigate the mechanism of antibacterial activity of the methanolic extract of this herb against E.coli K12 HB101.In this experimental study E.coli K12 HB101 containing plasmid pBR322 was cultured in Muler Hinton agar under different concentration [1.56-6.25 mg/ml] of Myrtus communis air-dried extract. The cells were lysed by repeated sonication and freeze -thawing. The catalase, and superoxide dismutase[SOD] activities, total antioxidant [TAS] and malondialdehyde determination were performed on the cell lysate. Plasmid DNA was purified and the electrophoretic behavior of the purified DNA grown under different concentration of the extract were compared.Various Concentrations [SIC] of the extract did not show any changes in the DNA topology. When the extract concentration in the culture increased from 1.56 to 6.25 mg/ml the catalase specific activity of the cell extract reduced from 20.47 +/- 0.7 to 5.1+2, 9unit/mg protein. Under the same condition, SOD activity was decreased from 63.86 +/- 5.2 to 20.04 +/- 1.6 units/mg protein. Total antioxidant capacity in the cell lysate significantly decreased in the test samples compared to the control cultures [18.07 +/- 3.1 vs 6.19+2.1 mmole/L]. Malondialedhyde concentration was elevated from 23.09 +/- 7.6 to 49.92 +/- 3.4 microg/mg protein of the cell lysate.The extract of Myrtus communispersumabably does not change the DNA topology of E.coli as judged by excision of plasmid pBR322. The results however showed that, Free radicals are one of the major causes of the antibacterial action of this medicinal herb