Prevalence and severity of carpal tunnel syndrome in women

Carpal tunnel syndrome [CTS] is entrapment of median nerve in carpal tunnel of the wrist. The prevalence of CTS related to pregnancy and non-pregnancy is unknown in some countries such as Iran. The main aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of CTS in women of Boyerahmad Township located in South-West part of Iran. This cross-sectional descriptive analytic study was done since February 2010 to January 2011 in Obstetrics and Gynecology clinics in 2656 non-pregnant and 1508 pregnant women. The women that had clinical symptoms of CTS performed standard electro diagnostic techniques for rule in or rule out of CTS. The prevalence of CTS in pregnant and non-pregnant women was 3.4 and 2.3 percent respectively. The prevalence of CTS in all women was 2.7%. Overall, 51 pregnant women had CTS that 59.4% had mild, 18.8% had moderate and 21.9% had severe CTS. Sixty-one non-pregnant women had CTS that 73.6%had mild, 20.8%t had moderate and 5.6% had severe CTS. Although the prevalence of CTS in Iranian pregnancy is higher than non-pregnancy women conservative treatment is safe and more effective

[Prevalence of carpal tunnel syndrome in women of boyerahmad township]

Carpal tunnel syndrome [CTS] is caused by the entrapment of the median nerve in the carpal tunnel of the wrist. CTS is a rather frequent complication in pregnancy. Thud, the prevalence of CTS is higher in women compared to men. However, the percentage of CTS related to pregnancy is not known in some countries such as Iran. The main aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and severity of CTS in pregnant and non-pregnant women of Boyerahmad township. This is a cross-sectional descriptive study was done during the period of February 2010 to January 2011 in OB and GYN clinics among 2,656 non-pregnant and 1,508 pregnant women. Among the women whom were referred to the OB and GYN specialists, 175 exhibited the clinical symptoms of CTS and were subjected to standard electrodiagnostic studies performed for either ruling in or out CTS by a Physiatrist. The prevalence of CTS in women who had clinical symptoms was 2.7%. The prevalence of CTS in pregnant and non-pregnant women was 3.4% and 2 .3%, respectively. Overall, out of a total of 51 pregnant women who were suffering from CTS, 59.4% had mild, 18.8% had moderate, and 21.9% had severe CTS. Sixty one non-pregnant women had CTS that 73.6% of whom had mild, 20.8% had moderate, and 5.6% had severe CTS. The prevalence of CTS in pregnant women is higher than non-pregnant women. Also the rate of severe CTS is higher among pregnant women

[ comparison of the pregnancy outcome in nulliparas with and without microalbuminuria at the end of the second trimester]

Poor pregnancy outcome and complications like pre-eclampsia, preterm delivery, premature rupture of membranes [PROM] and Intra Uterine Growth Restriction [IUGR] have special importance and finding new methods for their prediction have been always under serious concern. The purpose of the present study is to evaluate the poor pregnancy outcome in nulliparas who had microalbuminuria at the end of second trimester of their pregnancy. The study was conducted as a prospective cohort study on 490 nulliparous women who were at the end of the second trimester of pregnancy. Urine test for albuminuria and creatinine measurement was performed in all women and an albumin creatinine ratio [ACR] was calculated according to milligram per gram. The women were then divided into 3 groups of severe, moderate and mild microalbuminuria according to the ratio. Then the women were followed up to the end of their pregnancy and compared for preterm labor, pre-eclampsia, IUGR and PROM. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS V.15. Student t - and Chi square tests were used for analysis. P value of less than 0.05 was considered as significant. There was no significant difference in regards to BMI, age and age of pregnancy at the time of sampling. Preterm labor [21 [55.26%] cases VS 65 [14.38%], p=0.001], pre-eclampsia [19 [50%] cases VS 39 [8.62%] cases, p=0.001], IUGR [15 [39.47%] cases VS 30 [6.63%] cases, p=0.001] and PROM [11 [28.94%] cases VS 47 [10.39%] cases, p=0.001] were more in the case group than control group. Gestational diabetes did not show significant difference between the 2 groups. Preterm labor, pre-eclampsia, IUGR and PROM were more in the women who had microalbuminuria at the end of the second trimester of their pregnancy

[Comparison of emotional intelligence and mental health in addicted and normal individuals]

Abuse of drug is a chronic phenomenon which brings about a plenty of physical, mental, social, family, and economic harm in a way that the addicted person's individual and social functions are severely reduced. Comparison of emotional intelligence and mental health in addicted and normal individuals. Samples consisted of 80 addicted and 80 normal individuals. Sample group were selected by accessible sampling from governmental and non governmental rehabilitation and remedial centers from Rashat. Both groups matched according to age, marital status, number of family members, educational level and economic condition. Then participants answered to the Petridis and Furnhum's [2002] emotional intelligence questionnaire and 28 Item Gold berg's [1979] general health questionnaire [GHQ[28]]. Data were analyzed through statistic analysis. Data analysis shows significant relation between emotional intelligence and mental health in two groups. The addicted person had low or levels of emotional intelligence and mental health than the normal individuals. Furthermore, person coefficient correlation showed relation between emotional intelligence and mental health of the addicted and normal individuals which were [0.403 and -0.445] respectively. The addicted person had lower level of emotional intelligence and mental health than normal individuals. There was significant relation between emotional intelligence mental health in addicted and normal individuals [P<0.05]

Ten year breast cancer screening and follow up in 52200 women in Shahre-Kord, Iran [1997-2006]

This study was conducted to determine the outcomes of the project of 'Integration of Breast Cancer Screening and Early Detection' into Primary Health Care [PHC] System and to detect the incidence rate, mortality rate and the stage of reported breast cancers, during the timeframe of the project in Shahre-Kord. A prospective cohort study was conducted, reviewing medical records of all women aged over 30 in Shahre-Kord district who participated in the screening project between 1997 and 2006. Patients' demographic data, risk factors, diagnostic approach, treatments after definite diagnosis, and time of death of the deceased patients due to breast cancer were investigated from four sources: Provincial Health Centre, direct conversation via telephoning and interview, medical records of patients admitted to Seyed-Al Shohada Hospital, Isfahan [as the only referral oncology hospital in the region], and the provincial vital registry system as a part of national cancer registry Overall 52200 women were eligible to enter the study and in this population, 40 breast cancer cases were detected. Incidence rate of breast cancer in women older than 30 years, during the timeframe of study, is estimated as 77.6 per 100000. Clinical features of the patients were as follow: stage-IIA [20%], stage-IIB [40%], stage-IIIA [30%] and stage-IIIB [10%]. All 40 cases of cancer underwent pathology diagnosis, which showed infiltrative ductal carcinoma in 38%, invasive ductal carcinoma in 33%, ductal carcinoma in 25%, and infiltrative colloidal carcinoma in 4% of them. During the study, 31 cases [77.5%] survived and 9 cases [22.5%] died, all due to breast cancer The mean age of breast cancer in this study was significantly lower than Western countries. Mortality rate due to breast cancer in this study during ten year follow up was 1.73 in 100000 women population, which is less than the national figure of 3.16 in 100000

[Comparison of early maladaptive schemas between personality disorder [cluster B] and normal subjects]

Background: the aim of this study is compartion of early maladaptive schemas between patients with personality disorders [cluster B]and normal subjects

Materials and Methods: in this research participants were fifty patient soldiers with personality disorders [cluster B]according to diagnosis psychiatric group and sixty health individuals [according to general health inventory scores].Both of them complited young schema questionnaire

Results: there was significant difference between normal and patient subjects in 12 schema of 15 schema in this questionnaire.In abandonment,unrelenting standards and self-sacrific there was not significant difference

Conclusion: cognitive elements especially schema have important role in vulnerability to the mental disorders

Mental health predictive factors in infertile couples

Infertility affects different aspects of the individual's life and perhaps it is one of the main life stressors. Individuals under major stress are more exposed to disease such as depression, anxiety, low self confidence and dissatisfaction. The present study focuses on the role of gender on mental health in infertile couples. The sample was 50 infertile couples. The results indicated, infertile women have more psychological problems than infertile men, perceive infertility as more negative than men and hope to the future and to marital life, and the sense of meaning in life have determining roles in predicting mental health of infertile couples